Objective:To develop an air transfer stretcher for severely injured patients,so as to meet the requirements of severely injured patients for rapid transport of aviation medical treatment.Methods:The guide rails of hatch of mainstream civil airliner models were analyzed through investigation.Based on the principles of modularization,integration and intelligence,a highly universal and portable aviation stretcher with the functions of rapid transport and life support was designed and developed.The design of the stretcher was verified through simulation analysis and calculation,as well as tests in laboratory,which should meet the requirements of the standards from China Civil Aviation Regulations(CCAR)-25.Results:The results of simulation analysis and tests of laboratory showed that the aviation transport stretcher,and the strength and stiffness of its structure reached to requirement of CCAR-25 standard,which was suit to the portable aviation evacuation of severely injured patients on civil airliners,and the rapid transfer between air and ground.It has the function of supporting life,and the aviation transport stretcher with high universality and convenience can enhance the safety and rescue capability of aviation evacuation system of medical treatment of aviation.Conclusion:The portable aviation stretcher with high-versatility that was researched and developed by this study can effectively solve the problems of life support,injury monitoring,and emergently rescue and treatment during the transport for severely injured patients,which improve the support ability of air-ground transportation for severely injured patients.

The air-ground transfer device for patients with serious injury is one kind of medical equipment and system that can realize the safe and efficient transfer for patients with serious injury between the air and the ground under scenarios of emergency medical rescue,which plays an important role in the process of aviation rescue.At present,a variety of air-to-ground transport devices for patients with serious injury have been developed abroad,such as the trauma life support and transportation system of United States,the medical transport aircraft of Israel and so on.In China,it has also been developed,such as general-purpose airborne stretcher supports,life support system for patients with serious injury in moving,cross-platform and etc..However,there are still many challenges in current research and development of air-to-ground transfer devices,including technical stability,intelligent level,the application of new materials and so on.Based on this,this paper systematically reviewed the domestic and international development status of air-to-ground transport devices for patients with serious injury,and analyzed the facing problems and technical challenges of these devices,and discussed their development trends in future.Through the research and analysis for existing devices,this study aimed to provide references for the research and development of air-to-ground transport devices for patients with serious injury,so as to improve the efficiency and quality of emergency medical rescue.

The air-ground transfer device for patients with serious injury is one kind of medical equipment and system that can realize the safe and efficient transfer for patients with serious injury between the air and the ground under scenarios of emergency medical rescue,which plays an important role in the process of aviation rescue.At present,a variety of air-to-ground transport devices for patients with serious injury have been developed abroad,such as the trauma life support and transportation system of United States,the medical transport aircraft of Israel and so on.In China,it has also been developed,such as general-purpose airborne stretcher supports,life support system for patients with serious injury in moving,cross-platform and etc..However,there are still many challenges in current research and development of air-to-ground transfer devices,including technical stability,intelligent level,the application of new materials and so on.Based on this,this paper systematically reviewed the domestic and international development status of air-to-ground transport devices for patients with serious injury,and analyzed the facing problems and technical challenges of these devices,and discussed their development trends in future.Through the research and analysis for existing devices,this study aimed to provide references for the research and development of air-to-ground transport devices for patients with serious injury,so as to improve the efficiency and quality of emergency medical rescue.

Objective:To develop an air transfer stretcher for severely injured patients,so as to meet the requirements of severely injured patients for rapid transport of aviation medical treatment.Methods:The guide rails of hatch of mainstream civil airliner models were analyzed through investigation.Based on the principles of modularization,integration and intelligence,a highly universal and portable aviation stretcher with the functions of rapid transport and life support was designed and developed.The design of the stretcher was verified through simulation analysis and calculation,as well as tests in laboratory,which should meet the requirements of the standards from China Civil Aviation Regulations(CCAR)-25.Results:The results of simulation analysis and tests of laboratory showed that the aviation transport stretcher,and the strength and stiffness of its structure reached to requirement of CCAR-25 standard,which was suit to the portable aviation evacuation of severely injured patients on civil airliners,and the rapid transfer between air and ground.It has the function of supporting life,and the aviation transport stretcher with high universality and convenience can enhance the safety and rescue capability of aviation evacuation system of medical treatment of aviation.Conclusion:The portable aviation stretcher with high-versatility that was researched and developed by this study can effectively solve the problems of life support,injury monitoring,and emergently rescue and treatment during the transport for severely injured patients,which improve the support ability of air-ground transportation for severely injured patients.

Objective To This study aims to analyze the airworthiness compliance of transport stretchers for severely injured patients to ensure their safety and effectiveness in aeromedical rescue.Methods Through finite element modeling and analysis,using the analysis/calculation verification method(code MC2)in the Means of Compliance(MC),the structural static strength,stiffness,load and internal force of the transport stretcher were evaluated,and the damage tolerance assessment and vibration analysis of the connecting structure were carried out.Results The analysis results showed that the safety margins of the main structure and various components of the transport stretcher were all greater than zero,meeting the airworthiness design requirements.The damage tolerance analysis of the connecting structure showed that after the stretcher was installed,the aircraft body structure met the design requirements and did not change the inspection threshold value and interval.In addition,the performance analysis results of the transport stretcher in standard and enhanced vibration environments both indicated that the probability of failure was extremely low.Conclusion The transport stretcher meets the DO-160G standard in design and function and meets the requirements of relevant aviation regulations,providing scientific basis and practical guidance for the efficiency and safety of the aeromedical rescue system.

Objective:Pediatric chronic sinusitis （CRS） is a common disease within the field of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. Due to the immaturity of sinus development and immune competence in children, its etiology and pathophysiology are complex, and its clinical features and outcomes differ significantly from those in adult patients. Currently, there are issues in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric CRS, particularly in areas such as antibiotic use and surgical interventions, owing to a lack of sufficient attention. In recognition of this, the Chinese Rhinopathy Research Cooperation Group developed this expert consensus based on a systematic review of the latest literatures from both domestic and international sources, with reference to the latest evidence-based medical evidence worldwide, and in combination with their own clinical experience. The consensus covers various aspects including epidemiology, predisposing factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, as well as treatment strategies such as medical therapy and surgical intervention. It aims to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of pediatric CRS, improve clinical efficacy and patient satisfaction, reduce clinical expenditures, and decrease the occurrence of adverse reactions.
Humans ; Sinusitis/therapy* ; Chronic Disease ; Child ; Consensus ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use*

Objective:To investigate the effects of a perioperative whole course composite thermal insulation strategy on complications of cesarean section, maternal coagulation function and serum inflammatory indexes.Methods:A total of 250 pregnant women who were subjected to cesarean section in Zhoushan Hospital between June 2020 and August 2021 were included in this study. The 125 pregnant women who gave birth using a routine simple thermal insulation strategy from June to November 2020 were assigned to the routine simple thermal insulation group, and those who gave birth using a perioperative whole course composite thermal insulation strategy were assigned to whole course composite thermal insulation group. Two groups of pregnant women underwent cesarean section under subarachnoid block. Volume of intraoperative blood loss was recorded. The incidence of complications such as shivering and postoperative infection was calculated. Platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time measured before surgery and 48 hours after surgery were compared between the two groups. Peripheral blood white blood cell count, neutrophil count (N%), C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin-6 measured 48 hours after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results:Volume of intraoperative blood loss in the whole course composite thermal insulation group was significantly lower than that in the routine simple thermal insulation group [(393.84 ± 79.78) mL vs. (434.80 ± 123.49) mL, t = 3.11, P < 0.05). The incidence of shivering and postoperative infection in the whole course composite thermal insulation group was 10.4% (13/125) and 7.2% (9/125), respectively, which was significantly lower than that in the routine simple thermal insulation group [25.6% (32/125), 18.4% (23/125), χ 2 = 9.78, 7.02, both P < 0.05]. At 48 hours after surgery, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time in the whole course composite thermal insulation group were (10.28 ± 0.48) seconds, (26.97 ± 2.27) seconds, and (14.09 ± 1.36) seconds, respectively, which were significantly shorter than those in the routine simple thermal insulation group [(11.71 ± 0.27) seconds, (27.96 ± 2.25) seconds, (15.91 ± 1.09) seconds, t = 7.34, 3.43, 11.66, all P < 0.05]. At 48 hours after surgery, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and interleukin-6 in the whole course composite thermal insulation group were (10.38 ± 2.38) ×10 9/L,(0.79 ± 0.06), (52.79 ± 20.73) mg/L, (0.13±0.42) μg/L, and (55.73 ± 24.38) ng/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the routine simple thermal insulation group [(12.24 ± 7.05) × 10 9/L, 0.81 ± 0.05, (65.38 ± 25.92) mg/L, (0.20 ± 0.97) μg/L, (76.22 ± 39.08) ng/L, t = 2.79, 2.92, 4.24, 8.12, 4.97, all P < 0.05]. Conclusion:Perioperative whole course composite thermal insulation strategy can improve the coagulation function of pregnant women who are subjected to cesarean section under subarachnoid block, reduce volume of intraoperative blood loss, and decrease incidence of shivering, inflammatory reaction, and postoperative infection.

Objective:To explore the safety and efficacy of 20% glucose solution in the treatment of adult diabetic patients with hypoglycemia.Methods:A non-randomized controlled paired design trial was conducted. The diabetes patients with hypoglycemia (blood glucose < 3.9 mmol/L) who were admitted to the department of endocrinology and metabolism of Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University from December 2020 to May 2021 were enrolled. When the patients developed hypoglycemia for the first time, 75 mL of 20% glucose solution was pumped intravenously at a constant speed within 15 minutes, which was named the 20% glucose solution group. When the patients had hypoglycemia again, 30 mL of 50% glucose solution was pumped intravenously at a constant speed within 3 minutes, which was named the 50% glucose solution group. If the blood glucose was still ≤ 3.9 mmol/L at 15 minutes of hypoglycemia treatment, or the patients were uncomfortable due to too fast drip speed, it should be terminated immediately. The hypoglycemia treatment should be handled according to the Chinese guidelines for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes (2020 edition). The peripheral blood glucose level and the range of increase at 15 minutes of treatment, the success rate of one treatment, the peripheral blood glucose values at 60 minutes after successful hypoglycemia treatment, the incidence of phlebitis and exudation after hypoglycemia treatment, and the pain of local blood vessels in patients with hypoglycemia treatment were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results:A total of 65 patients completed the treatment of hypoglycemia with 20% glucose solution and the success rate of one treatment was 100%. The peripheral blood glucose value at 15 minutes of hypoglycemia treatment was (8.30±1.37) mmol/L, and the increased range was (4.86±1.30) mmol/L. The peripheral blood glucose value at 60 minutes after successful hypoglycemia treatment was (6.96±1.48) mmol/L, which indicated that 20% glucose solution could effectively increase blood glucose. Among 65 patients, 32 patients had hypoglycemia again, who were treated with 50% glucose solution, and the success rate of one treatment was 100%. When patients who received 50% glucose solution for hypoglycemia formed a paired design with the first 20% glucose solution treatment, the results showed that there was no significant difference in the peripheral blood glucose value and the increased range in blood glucose at 15 minutes of hypoglycemia treatment between the 20% glucose solution and the 50% glucose solution groups [peripheral blood glucose (mmol/L): 8.20 (7.70, 9.70) vs. 8.30 (7.80, 8.80), increase in blood glucose (mmol/L): 4.96±1.39 vs. 4.70±1.32, both P > 0.05], indicating that the glucose changing at 15 minutes of hypoglycemia treatment with 20% glucose solution was similar to that with 50% glucose solution. The peripheral blood glucose value at 60 minutes after successful hypoglycemia treatment of 20% glucose solution group was significantly lower than that of 50% glucose solution group (mmol/L: 6.37±1.04 vs. 7.20±1.36, P < 0.01), which meant that the blood glucose tended to be more stable. There was no phlebitis and exudation after hypoglycemia treatment in both groups. The pain score of 20% glucose solution group was 0, however, 3 patients in 50% glucose solution group complained of local vascular pain, and the pain score was 1. Conclusions:20% glucose solution can effectively treat hypoglycemia in diabetic patients, which has the same curative effect as 50% glucose solution and much safer. It can be used in patients with severe hypoglycemia.

Objective:To investigate the effects of compound matrine injection on the proliferation of bladder cancer cell line BIU-87 and bladder orthotopic transplantated tumor in nude mice.Methods:BIU-87 cells in logarithmic growth phase were divided into experimental group (adding 300.00, 150.00, 75.00, 37.50, 18.75 μl/ml compound matrine injection 200μl) and negative control group (adding equal volume of culturing medium). The proliferation inhibition rate and the half inhibitory concentration ( IC50) of BIU-87 cells were detected and calculated by methyl thiazole tetrazolium (MTT) method. Twenty BALB/c-nu female nude mice were injected with 100 μl of BIU-87 cell suspension with a cell density of 2×10 7/ml in the bladder to establish an animal model of bladder orthotopic transplanted tumor. After 24 hours of perfusion of BIU-87 cell suspension, intravesical perfusion administration (100 μl per nude mouse) was started, and the mice were divided into compound matrine injection group (intravesical perfusion of matrine solution) and pirarubicin group (intravesical perfusion of 1 mg/ml pirarubicin), model control group (intravesical perfusion of the same volume of sterile water), blank control group (without intravesical perfusion of BIU-87 cell suspension or administration). The observation time was 90 d. The survival status and bladder wet weight of the animals were observed and recorded, and the tumor formation rate, tumor inhibition rate and life prolongation rate were calculated. Results:Different concentrations of compound matrine injection acted on BIU-87 cells for 48 hours, and the absorbance ( A) values ??of 300.00, 150.00, 75.00, 37.50, 18.75 μl/ml compound matrine injection group and negative control group were 0.027±0.006, 0.065±0.010, 1.695±0.105, 2.387±0.017, 2.427±0.134 and 2.721±0.080 ( F = 742.67, P < 0.05), the A values ??of each concentration of compound matrine injection group were compared with the negative control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The IC50 of compound matrine injection on BIU-87 cells was 70.05 μl/ml. On the 90th day of observation, the bladder wet weights of nude mice in blank control group, model control group, pirarubicin group and compound matrine injection group were (0.018±0.004) mg, (0.422±0.130) mg, (0.219±0.136) mg and (0.237±0.113) mg ( F = 14.01, P < 0.001), and the survival time of nude mice was (90±0) d, (54±12) d, (72±4) d and (69±8) d ( F = 18.53, P < 0.001). The inhibition rates of bladder cancer in the pirarubicin group and compound matrine injection group were 48.10% and 43.84%, and the life prolongation rates of the nude mice were 34.95% and 29.53%. Conclusions:Compound matrine injection can inhibit the proliferation of BIU-87 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Compound matrine injection can increase the tumor inhibition rate and prolong the survival time of nude mice models of bladder orthotopic transplanted tumor.

Kidney cancer usually requires multidisciplinary individualized treatments. No matter what kind of treatment, drugs are essential. According to the "six-step process" (prescription legitimacy review, patient basic information evaluation review, treatment protocol review, organ function and laboratory index review, pretreatment review, and unconventional prescription review) in prescription review proposed by the anti-tumor drug prescription review expert group and referring to domestic and foreign kidney cancer guidelines and drug instructions in recent years, this consensus selects 9 targeted drugs and 4 immunotherapeutic drugs that are currently commonly used in China and elaborates the key review points in patient basic information evaluation review, treatment protocol review, and organ function and laboratory index review of kidney cancer drug treatment, in order to provide reference for clinical front-line pharmacists to review prescriptions of kidney cancer patients and promote rational drug use in clinic.