ObjectiveTo explore the therapeutic effect of Xuebijing injection （XBJ） on severe acute pancreatitis induced acute lung injury （SAP-ALI） by regulating formyl peptide receptors （FPRs）/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 （NLRP3） inflammatory pathway. MethodsSixty rats were randomly divided into a sham group， a SAP-ALI model group， low-， medium-， and high-dose XBJ groups （4， 8， and 12 mL·kg^-1）， and a positive drug （BOC2， 0.2 mg·kg^-1） group. For the sham group， the pancreas of rats was only gently flipped after laparotomy， and then the abdomen was closed， while for the remaining five groups， SAP-ALI rat models were established by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate （Na-Tc） via the biliopancreatic duct. XBJ and BOC2 were administered via intraperitoneal injection once daily for 3 d prior to modeling and 0.5 h after modeling. Blood was collected from the abdominal aorta 6 h after the completion of modeling， and the expression of interleukin （IL）-1β， IL-6， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in plasma was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The amount of ascites was measured， and the dry-wet weight ratios of pancreatic and lung tissue were determined. Pancreatic and lung tissue was taken for hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining to observe pathological changes and then scored. The protein expression levels of FPR1， FPR2， and NLRP3 in lung tissue were detected by the immunohistochemical method. Western blot was used to detect the expression of FPR1， FPR2， and NLRP3 in lung tissue. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of FPR1， FPR2， and NLRP3 in lung tissue. ResultsCompared with the sham group， the SAP-ALI model group showed significantly decreased dry-wet weight ratio of lung tissue （P<0.01）， serious pathological changes of lung tissue， a significantly increased pathological score （P<0.01）， and significantly increased protein and mRNA expression levels of FPR1， FPR2， and NLRP3 in lung tissue （P<0.01）. After BOC2 intervention， the above detection indicators were significantly reversed （P<0.01）. After treatment with XBJ， the groups of different XBJ doses achieved results consistent with BOC2 intervention. ConclusionXBJ can effectively improve the inflammatory response of the lungs in SAP-ALI rats and reduce damage. The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the expression of FPRs and NLRP3 in lung tissue， which thereby reduces IL-1β and simultaneously antagonize the release of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α.

Objective:To establish a Zika virus-infected suckling SD rat model with type Ⅰ interferon receptor deficiency（SD-Ifnar1 -/-［cc］）and provide a novel animal model for investigating Zika virus pathogenesis and developing therapeutic strategies. Methods:Seventeen-day-old male SD-Ifnar1 -/-［cc］rat pups were randomly divided into experimental and control groups（ n=6）. The experimental group received an intraperitoneal injection of Zika virus strain SZ-wiv01（5×10 4 PFU/rat，200 μl），while the control group received an equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline（PBS）. Animals were euthanized via CO 2 asphyxiation on days 12 and 15 post-infection（dpi），and brain，spleen，liver，and testis tissues were harvested. Viral loads and cytokine expression levels were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR qRT-PCR），and histopathological evaluation was performed via HE staining. Results:qRT-PCR analysis revealed no detectable Zika virus RNA（Ct >35）in control tissues. In the experimental group，viral RNA（Ct <35）was detected in the brain，spleen，liver，and testis by day 12，with stable viral loads across tissues by day 15（ P>0.05）. Cytokine profiling demonstrated significant upregulation in the brain at day 12：IFN-β（5.58-fold， P<0.01），IL-6（7.11-fold， P<0.01），and CCL5（3.79-fold， P<0.01）. By day 15，these levels remained elevated（IFN-β：3.07-fold；IL-6：4.04-fold；CCL5：5.22-fold；all P<0.01）. In the liver，IFN-β mRNA decreased to 20% of the control level by day 15（ P<0.05），while IL-6 declined to 24% and CCL5 mRNA dropped to 38% by day 12. No significant cytokine changes were observed in the spleen（ P>0.05）. Testicular tissues exhibited reduced IFN-β mRNA levels（43% of control at day 12，31% at day 15； P<0.05）. Histopathological analysis revealed marked splenomegaly with disrupted splenic corpuscle architecture and lymphocyte depletion，significant inflammatory cell infiltration in hepatic portal areas，and testicular structural disorganization with inflammatory infiltration in Zika-infected rats. Conclusions:The SD-Ifnar1 -/-［cc］suckling rat model is successfully established and validated. This model recapitulates systemic Zika virus infection，tissue-specific pathology，and immune response dynamics，providing a robust platform for elucidating viral pathogenesis and advancing antiviral drug development.

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide after lung cancer and breast cancer,and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death.The causes of CRC are complex and treatment efficacy varies according to disease stage.Animal models thus play a critical role in research into CRC prevention and treatment.This review critically assesses the pathogenesis and characteristics of CRC from the perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.We also discuss recent method and mechanisms of modeling in existing animal models of CRC.Current CRC animal models are largely based on modern medical modeling techniques and the evaluation criteria are also mainly based on Western medicine diagnostic indicators.These models are thus limited by the lack of combined traditional Chinese and Western medicine approaches in terms of disease diagnosis and treatment,making it difficult to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the development of CRC.In addition,reliable large-animal models are rarely reported.A better understanding of the mechanisms of CRC integrating traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine may provide useful insights to improve the predictability of animal models.

Objective:To establish a Zika virus-infected suckling SD rat model with type Ⅰ interferon receptor deficiency（SD-Ifnar1 -/-［cc］）and provide a novel animal model for investigating Zika virus pathogenesis and developing therapeutic strategies. Methods:Seventeen-day-old male SD-Ifnar1 -/-［cc］rat pups were randomly divided into experimental and control groups（ n=6）. The experimental group received an intraperitoneal injection of Zika virus strain SZ-wiv01（5×10 4 PFU/rat，200 μl），while the control group received an equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline（PBS）. Animals were euthanized via CO 2 asphyxiation on days 12 and 15 post-infection（dpi），and brain，spleen，liver，and testis tissues were harvested. Viral loads and cytokine expression levels were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR qRT-PCR），and histopathological evaluation was performed via HE staining. Results:qRT-PCR analysis revealed no detectable Zika virus RNA（Ct >35）in control tissues. In the experimental group，viral RNA（Ct <35）was detected in the brain，spleen，liver，and testis by day 12，with stable viral loads across tissues by day 15（ P>0.05）. Cytokine profiling demonstrated significant upregulation in the brain at day 12：IFN-β（5.58-fold， P<0.01），IL-6（7.11-fold， P<0.01），and CCL5（3.79-fold， P<0.01）. By day 15，these levels remained elevated（IFN-β：3.07-fold；IL-6：4.04-fold；CCL5：5.22-fold；all P<0.01）. In the liver，IFN-β mRNA decreased to 20% of the control level by day 15（ P<0.05），while IL-6 declined to 24% and CCL5 mRNA dropped to 38% by day 12. No significant cytokine changes were observed in the spleen（ P>0.05）. Testicular tissues exhibited reduced IFN-β mRNA levels（43% of control at day 12，31% at day 15； P<0.05）. Histopathological analysis revealed marked splenomegaly with disrupted splenic corpuscle architecture and lymphocyte depletion，significant inflammatory cell infiltration in hepatic portal areas，and testicular structural disorganization with inflammatory infiltration in Zika-infected rats. Conclusions:The SD-Ifnar1 -/-［cc］suckling rat model is successfully established and validated. This model recapitulates systemic Zika virus infection，tissue-specific pathology，and immune response dynamics，providing a robust platform for elucidating viral pathogenesis and advancing antiviral drug development.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum soluble suppression of tumori-genicity 2(sST2)and cardiac diastolic function in elderly patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)and chronic kidney disease(CKD).Methods A total of 116 elderly CHD patients suffer-ing from CKD taking physical examinations at the Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from April 2021 to July 2022 were recruited,and according to their serum sST2 level,they were divided into high sST2 group(＞28.65 μg/L,58 cases)and low sST2 group(≤28.65μg/L,58 cases).The baseline data of all subjected patients were collected,including N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP),as well as peak early diastolic mitral flow velocity(E),peak early diastolic mitral annular velocity(e'),isovolumetric relaxation time(IVRT)and some other indicators in echocardiography.Serum sST2 level was measured using chemilumines-cence assay.Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used for analysis.Results The high sST2 group had significantly larger proportion of diabetes and usingβ-blockers,higher levels of sST2,urea and logNT-proBNP,increased left ventricular mass index,thicker left ventricular posterior wall thickness,and elevated E/e'and IVRT,and lower levels of hemoglobin and triacylglycerol,and decreased e'value when compared with the low sST2 group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The correlation analysis showed that sST2 was positively correlated with taking β-blockers,urea and logNT-proBNP levels,and E/e'ratio(r=0.226,P=0.015;r=0.362,P=0.001;r=0.374,P=0.001;r=0.257,P=0.005),and negatively correlated with triglycerides,hemoglobin and e'value(r=-0.227,P=0.014;r=-0.314,P=0.001;r=-0.203,P=0.029).Multiple linear regression analysis displayed that sST2 was linearly correlated with triglycerides,urea and NT-proBNP levels,and E/e'(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Serum sST2 level is cor-related with cardiac diastolic function in elderly patients with comorbidities of CHD and CKD.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum soluble suppression of tumori-genicity 2(sST2)and cardiac diastolic function in elderly patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)and chronic kidney disease(CKD).Methods A total of 116 elderly CHD patients suffer-ing from CKD taking physical examinations at the Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from April 2021 to July 2022 were recruited,and according to their serum sST2 level,they were divided into high sST2 group(＞28.65 μg/L,58 cases)and low sST2 group(≤28.65μg/L,58 cases).The baseline data of all subjected patients were collected,including N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP),as well as peak early diastolic mitral flow velocity(E),peak early diastolic mitral annular velocity(e'),isovolumetric relaxation time(IVRT)and some other indicators in echocardiography.Serum sST2 level was measured using chemilumines-cence assay.Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used for analysis.Results The high sST2 group had significantly larger proportion of diabetes and usingβ-blockers,higher levels of sST2,urea and logNT-proBNP,increased left ventricular mass index,thicker left ventricular posterior wall thickness,and elevated E/e'and IVRT,and lower levels of hemoglobin and triacylglycerol,and decreased e'value when compared with the low sST2 group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The correlation analysis showed that sST2 was positively correlated with taking β-blockers,urea and logNT-proBNP levels,and E/e'ratio(r=0.226,P=0.015;r=0.362,P=0.001;r=0.374,P=0.001;r=0.257,P=0.005),and negatively correlated with triglycerides,hemoglobin and e'value(r=-0.227,P=0.014;r=-0.314,P=0.001;r=-0.203,P=0.029).Multiple linear regression analysis displayed that sST2 was linearly correlated with triglycerides,urea and NT-proBNP levels,and E/e'(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Serum sST2 level is cor-related with cardiac diastolic function in elderly patients with comorbidities of CHD and CKD.

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide after lung cancer and breast cancer,and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death.The causes of CRC are complex and treatment efficacy varies according to disease stage.Animal models thus play a critical role in research into CRC prevention and treatment.This review critically assesses the pathogenesis and characteristics of CRC from the perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.We also discuss recent method and mechanisms of modeling in existing animal models of CRC.Current CRC animal models are largely based on modern medical modeling techniques and the evaluation criteria are also mainly based on Western medicine diagnostic indicators.These models are thus limited by the lack of combined traditional Chinese and Western medicine approaches in terms of disease diagnosis and treatment,making it difficult to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the development of CRC.In addition,reliable large-animal models are rarely reported.A better understanding of the mechanisms of CRC integrating traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine may provide useful insights to improve the predictability of animal models.

Chronic migraine is a common episodic brain dysfunction disorder, which often progresses from migraine and is frequently accompanied by sleep disorders, anxiety, depression or obesity. Extensive connections exist between the hypothalamus and other components of the central nervous system; through integrating pain signals, neural conduction and inflammatory pathways, the hypothalamus becomes an important hub for migraine chronicization. This review, combined with clinical imaging evidence, analyzes the pathogenic mechanisms of chronic migraine and its complications from perspective of the hypothalamus as the higher neural center, so as to provide useful references for prevention and treatment of chronic migraine.

Studies have shown that cannabinoid receptor (CBR) influence the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by participating in several key pathological processes, including β-amyloid protein (Aβ) metabolism, tau protein phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, and synaptic plasticity, which suggests that CBR may represent a potential novel therapeutic target for AD. This article reviews the recent advance in the regulatory role of CBR in AD, aiming to provide theoretical basis for AD treatment.

Chronic migraine is a common episodic brain dysfunction disorder, which often progresses from migraine and is frequently accompanied by sleep disorders, anxiety, depression or obesity. Extensive connections exist between the hypothalamus and other components of the central nervous system; through integrating pain signals, neural conduction and inflammatory pathways, the hypothalamus becomes an important hub for migraine chronicization. This review, combined with clinical imaging evidence, analyzes the pathogenic mechanisms of chronic migraine and its complications from perspective of the hypothalamus as the higher neural center, so as to provide useful references for prevention and treatment of chronic migraine.