As new evidence emerges, treatment strategies toward the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B are evolving. In 2019, a panel of national hepatologists published a Consensus Statement on the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B. Currently, an international group of hepatologists has been assembled to evaluate research since the publication of the original consensus, and to collaboratively develop the updated statements. The 2.0 Consensus was aimed to update the original consensus with the latest available studies, and provide a comprehensive overview of the current relevant scientific literatures regarding functional cure of hepatitis B, with a particular focus on issues that are not yet fully clarified. These cover the definition of functional cure of hepatitis B, its mechanisms and barriers, the effective strategies and treatment roadmap to achieve this endpoint, in particular new surrogate biomarkers used to measure efficacy or to predict response, and the appropriate approach to pursuing a functional cure in special populations, the development of emerging antivirals and immunomodulators with potential for curing hepatitis B. The statements are primarily intended to offer international guidance for clinicians in their practice to enhance the functional cure rate of chronic hepatitis B.

As new evidence emerges, treatment strategies toward the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B are evolving. In 2019, a panel of national hepatologists published a Consensus Statement on the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B. Currently, an international group of hepatologists has been assembled to evaluate research since the publication of the original consensus, and to collaboratively develop the updated statements. The 2.0 Consensus was aimed to update the original consensus with the latest available studies, and provide a comprehensive overview of the current relevant scientific literatures regarding functional cure of hepatitis B, with a particular focus on issues that are not yet fully clarified. These cover the definition of functional cure of hepatitis B, its mechanisms and barriers, the effective strategies and treatment roadmap to achieve this endpoint, in particular new surrogate biomarkers used to measure efficacy or to predict response, and the appropriate approach to pursuing a functional cure in special populations, the development of emerging antivirals and immunomodulators with potential for curing hepatitis B. The statements are primarily intended to offer international guidance for clinicians in their practice to enhance the functional cure rate of chronic hepatitis B.

As new evidence emerges, treatment strategies toward the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B are evolving. In 2019, a panel of national hepatologists published a Consensus Statement on the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B. Currently, an international group of hepatologists has been assembled to evaluate research since the publication of the original consensus, and to collaboratively develop the updated statements. The 2.0 Consensus was aimed to update the original consensus with the latest available studies, and provide a comprehensive overview of the current relevant scientific literatures regarding functional cure of hepatitis B, with a particular focus on issues that are not yet fully clarified. These cover the definition of functional cure of hepatitis B, its mechanisms and barriers, the effective strategies and treatment roadmap to achieve this endpoint, in particular new surrogate biomarkers used to measure efficacy or to predict response, and the appropriate approach to pursuing a functional cure in special populations, the development of emerging antivirals and immunomodulators with potential for curing hepatitis B. The statements are primarily intended to offer international guidance for clinicians in their practice to enhance the functional cure rate of chronic hepatitis B.

Evaluate the interventional effect of Lycium barbarum leaves extract on cataract rats and its effects on plasma and liver tissue metabolites. The ultimate goal is to explore the scientific connotation of Lycium barbarum leaves extract on vision improvement. All experiments were approved by the experimental animal ethics committee from Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (202306A067). D-Galactose (D-gal) induced cataract model in rats was established. The lens opacity, lens and liver tissue pathology, level of oxidative stress and polyol metabolism regulation in the lens, level of oxidative stress in serum and liver tissue, and the content of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum and liver tissue were analysed to evaluate the effect of Lycium barbarum leaves extract on cataract. The metabolite profiles of plasma and liver tissue of rats were analyzed by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to compare and analyze the metabolic data in control group and cataract group, and screen potential biomarkers. The related metabolic pathways were further constructed by KEGG database analysis. The results showed that lens and liver pathology of cataract rats were improved after being intervened by the leaves extract of Lycium barbarum. The contents of AR and Ca²⁺ were significantly decreased in lens, and the contents of SDH and GSH and the ability of CAT were significantly increased; the content of GSH and the ability of SOD were significantly improved in serum and liver tissue, the content of MDA, the abilities of ALT and AST and the level of inflammatory factors were significantly reduced. The metabolomics results showed that there were 15 different metabolites in plasma and liver tissue of cataract rats, and 9 different biomarkers including retinyl ester, stearic acid, and palmitic acid, were returned by Lycium barbarum leaves extract. As revealed by pathway enrichment in plasma and liver tissue, it was found that the retinol metabolic pathway was mainly regulated by Lycium barbarum leaves extract. In summary, Lycium barbarum leaves can effectively alleviate the pathological changes of cataract, inhibit inflammation and improve antioxidant capacity, which may relate to the retinol metabolic pathway. It provides scientific basis and support for revealing the scientific connotation of the effect of Lycium barbarum leaves on vision improvement.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the intervention effect and mechanism of Lycium barbarum leaves on letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) mice. The PCOS model was prepared by letrozole combined with high-fat diet. After successful modeling, 40 mice were randomly divided into PCOS group, positive drug metformin group, low-dose Lycium barbarum leaves group, and high-dose Lycium barbarum leaves group. The corresponding drugs were given by gavage for 29 days. At the end of the experiment, the eyeballs were removed for blood collection and ovarian tissue was collected. The ovarian mass, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), testosterone (T), anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and estradiol (E₂) levels were measured in each group. The morphology of ovarian tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the oocytes, cystic follicles and corpus luteum were counted. Cecal contents of mice were collected for analysis of intestinal flora composition and differential flora. The animal experiment process was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The results showed that the estrous cycle of PCOS mice was disordered. Compared with the PCOS group, the Lycium barbarum leaves group can significantly reduce the ovarian damage of mice, reduce the number of cystic dilated follicles, and normalize the estrous cycle. After the intervention of Lycium barbarum leaves, the levels of FBG, FINS, T, AMH, LH, FSH and LH/FSH were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while the level of E₂ was significantly increased (P < 0.001). In addition, Lycium barbarum leaves can regulate the disorder of intestinal flora diversity in PCOS mice, increase the abundance of Bacteroidetes, and reduce the abundance of Firmicutes, Ileibacterium, Romboutsia and Faecalibaculum. In summary, Lycium barbarum leaves can play a therapeutic role in PCOS mice by improving insulin resistance, regulating reproductive hormone disorders and gut microbiota imbalance. It provides scientific basis and useful reference for the rational utilization and development of Lycium barbarum leaves.

AIM To establish a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker(QAMS)method for the simultaneous content determination of gastrodin,parishin E,syringin,parishin B,parishin C,ferulic acid,parishin A,buddleoside,harpagoside and cinnamic acid in Tianma Toufengling Capsules.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 30℃thermostatic GL Science InertsilTM ODS-3 column(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelengths were set at 220,280 nm.Syringin was used as an internal standard to calculate the relative correction factors of the other nine constituents,after which the content determination was made.RESULTS Ten constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r≥0.999 7),whose average recoveries were 98.53%-102.22%with the RSDs of 1.26%-2.68%.The result obtained by QAMS approximated those obtained by external standard method.CONCLUSION This accurate and specific method can be used for the quality control of Tianma Toufengling Capsules.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of lupatadine tablets combined with azelastine hydrochloride nasal spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis patients.Methods Patients with allergic rhinitis were randomly divided into control group and treatment group.Both groups received general treatment.On this basis,the control group was given azelastine hydrochloride nasal spray 0.14 mg per nostril each time,bid;on the basis of control group,the treatment group received lupatadine tablets 10 mg each time,orally,qd.Two groups were treated for 4 weeks.The clinical efficacy,rhinoconjunctivitis related quality of life questionnaire(RQLQ),serum indexes[interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-1 β,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),immunoglobulin E(IgE)]and safety were compared between the two groups.Results Treatment group were enrolled 53 cases,4 cases dropped out,and 49 cases were finally included in the statistical analysis.Control group were enrolled 53 cases,4 cases dropped out,and 49 cases were finally included in the statistical analysis.After treatment,the total effective rates of the treatment and control groups were 95.92％(47 cases/49 cases)and 81.63％(40 cases/49 cases)with significant difference(P＜0.05).After treatment,the RQLQ scores of treatment and control groups were(49.57±6.97)and(58.18±7.78)points,IL-6 levels were(5.12±1.25)and(7.34±1.46)ng·L-1,IL-1 β levels were(12.25±5.64)and(20.05±6.32)pg·mL-1,TNF-α levels were(3.25±0.62)and(4.45±0.49)pg·mL-1,the IgE levels were(114.28±19.63)and(136.84±30.14)μg·L-1,respectively,the differences were statistically significant difference(all P＜0.05).The adverse drug reactions of two groups were dry mouth,fatigue,dizziness and drowsiness.The total incidences of adverse drug reactions in the treatment and control groups were 16.33％and 10.20％without significant difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion Lupatadine tablets combined with azostine hydrochloride nasal spray have a definitive clinical efficacy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis patients,which can effectively reduce the inflammatory reaction,reduce the IgE levels,improve the quality of life,without increasing the incidence of adverse drug reactions.

Objective To explore the correlation between colorectal cancer tissue Janus kinase 2(JAK2)gene mutations and T cytokine 3(TCF3)protein expression with clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis,and to provide laboratory reference indicators for early evaluation of the illness severity and prognosis of colorectal cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 50 colorectal cancer patients who were admitted from January 2016 to April 2021 and retained colon cancer and adjacent tissue wax blocks.Basic information,clinical and pathological features such as TNM staging,lymph node metastasis,and 3-year survival prognosis of the patients were collected.The wax blocks of colon cancer and adjacent tissues of patients were detected,in which Taqman fluorescence probe method was applied to detect the distribution of JAK2 gene at the rs2230724 locus AA,AG,and GG genotypes in colon cancer tissues,and immunohistochemistry method was applied to detect the positive expression rate of TCF3 protein in colon cancer and adjacent tissues.The basic information,JAK2 rs2230724 gene mutation,and TCF3 protein expression of patients with different clinical and pathological characteristics were compared,and the influencing factors of clinical and pathological characteristics of colon cancer was analyzed by logistic regression model.Kaplan Meier survival curve was applied to compare the survival prognosis of patients with JAK2 gene mutations and TCF3 protein expression in colorectal cancer tissue,and Cox regression model was applied to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients.Results The positive expression rate of TCF3 protein in colon cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues(P＜0.05).The age,BMI,proportion of GG genotype at rs2230724 locus of JAK2 gene and positive expression rate of TCF3 protein in TNM stage Ⅲ colon cancer patients were higher than those in TNM stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients(P＜0.05);The age,BMI,smoking rate,proportion of GG type at the rs2230724 locus of JAK2 gene in colon cancer tissue,and positive expression rate of TCF3 protein in patients with lymph node metastasis were higher than those without lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05);The results of the logistic regression model analysis showed that the influencing factors of clinical pathological features such as TNM staging and lymph node metastasis in colon cancer were age,mutation of JAK2 gene rs2230724 site in colon cancer tissue,and positive expression rate of TCF3 protein(P＜0.05).The Kaplan Meier survival curve analysis showed that patients with JAK2 gene rs2230724 GG genotype and TCF3 protein positivity in colon cancer tissue had higher cumulative all-cause mortality rates(P＜0.05).The results of univariate and multivariate Cox regression model analysis showed that independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients include JAK2 gene rs2230724 site GG type,TCF3 protein positive expression,TNM stage Ⅲ,lymph node metastasis,and age.Conclusion The proportion of JAK2 gene rs2230724 GG type and TCF3 protein expression in colorectal cancer tissues are related to their clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis,and can be used as reference indicators for evaluating clinical pathological characteristics and predicting prognosis of colorectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the current status and awareness of pharmaceutical services in hospitals in Guizhou province and to provide a reference for exploring and carrying out pharmaceutical service fees.Methods The questionnaire was designed by the"wjx.cn"website.Three kinds of questionnaires were designed for pharmacists,doctors,nurses,and patients as the research objects,with corresponding differences in some questions,and promoted on WeChat,Dingxiangyuan,and other network platforms.Results A total of 655 questionnaires were collected,and 639 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 97.56%.324 pharmacists(50.70%),82 doctors and nurses(12.83%),233 patients(36.46%)were surveyed.The average approval score of these three groups of respondents on pharmaceutical service fees was 4.67,4.23,and 4.22,respectively(full score:5).Conclusions Overall,pharmacists'professional services have received support from medical staff and patients.However,patients'pharmaceutical service projects currently focus on dispensing services.The recognition of pharmacists'work and the public's awareness of pharmaceutical services can be improved by enhancing the professional ability of pharmacists,strengthening publicity and guidance,and exploring"Internet+pharmaceutical services",etc.,to promote the sustainable development of pharmaceutical services.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.