Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with cervicothoracic hemivertebra at different ages and evaluate the surgical outcomes of hemivertebra resection.Methods:This retrospective cohort study analyzed clinical and radiographic data of 35 children (under 18 years old) with cervicothoracic hemivertebra who underwent one-stage posterior hemivertebra resection at the Department of Spine Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, from June 2005 to June 2022. The cohort included 19 males and 16 females, with a surgical age of (9.7±4.1) years (range: 3 to <18 years). Patients were divided into three groups based on initial surgical age: preschool group (≤5 years, n=10), school-age group (6 to 10 years, n=10), and adolescent group (11 to <18 years, n=15). The intraoperative blood loss, operative time, number of fixed vertebrae, and perioperative and postoperative complications were recorded. Radiographic measurements were taken preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up, including the Cobb angle of the primary curve, curve length, distal curve Cobb angle, neck tilt, shoulder balance, coronal balance, trunk tilt, clavicle angle, head deviation, and local kyphosis. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H test, chi-square test, and Fisher′s exact test. Results:The operative time was (333±74) minutes (range:200 to 450 minutes), the intraoperative blood loss was (419±132) ml (range:200 to 650 ml), and the number of fixed vertebrae was (6.0±2.7) segments (range:2 to 12 segments). Preoperatively, the preschool group had a smaller primary curve Cobb angle compared to the adolescent group (33.6°±8.4° vs. 43.0°±9.4°, F=3.394, P=0.046) and distal curve Cobb angle (6.4°±2.4° vs.11.9°±4.5°, F=6.550, P=0.038). The preschool group had better coronal balance ((8.8±4.3) mm vs. (20.2±11.7)mm, F=9.448, P=0.009) and trunk tilt (4.0°±2.0° vs.7.0°±3.0°, F=4.343, P=0.029) than the school-age group. The preschool group had fewer fused vertebrae than the school-age and adolescent groups (3.8±1.6 vs. 7.0±2.6 vs. 6.8±2.6, F=10.480, P=0.005). The preschool group also had less intraoperative blood loss than the adolescent groups ((320±125) ml vs. (480±113) ml, F=8.666, P=0.013). However, no significant differences were found in postoperative and final follow-up measurements of primary and distal curve Cobb angles, neck tilt, shoulder balance, coronal balance, trunk tilt, clavicle angle, head deviation, local kyphosis, or complication rates (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Children with cervicothoracic hemivertebra across different age groups exhibit similar surgical outcomes and complication rates. But the preschool group had fewer fixed segments and less intraoperative blood loss, suggesting that this age group is an ideal time for surgery.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with cervicothoracic hemivertebra at different ages and evaluate the surgical outcomes of hemivertebra resection.Methods:This retrospective cohort study analyzed clinical and radiographic data of 35 children (under 18 years old) with cervicothoracic hemivertebra who underwent one-stage posterior hemivertebra resection at the Department of Spine Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, from June 2005 to June 2022. The cohort included 19 males and 16 females, with a surgical age of (9.7±4.1) years (range: 3 to <18 years). Patients were divided into three groups based on initial surgical age: preschool group (≤5 years, n=10), school-age group (6 to 10 years, n=10), and adolescent group (11 to <18 years, n=15). The intraoperative blood loss, operative time, number of fixed vertebrae, and perioperative and postoperative complications were recorded. Radiographic measurements were taken preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up, including the Cobb angle of the primary curve, curve length, distal curve Cobb angle, neck tilt, shoulder balance, coronal balance, trunk tilt, clavicle angle, head deviation, and local kyphosis. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H test, chi-square test, and Fisher′s exact test. Results:The operative time was (333±74) minutes (range:200 to 450 minutes), the intraoperative blood loss was (419±132) ml (range:200 to 650 ml), and the number of fixed vertebrae was (6.0±2.7) segments (range:2 to 12 segments). Preoperatively, the preschool group had a smaller primary curve Cobb angle compared to the adolescent group (33.6°±8.4° vs. 43.0°±9.4°, F=3.394, P=0.046) and distal curve Cobb angle (6.4°±2.4° vs.11.9°±4.5°, F=6.550, P=0.038). The preschool group had better coronal balance ((8.8±4.3) mm vs. (20.2±11.7)mm, F=9.448, P=0.009) and trunk tilt (4.0°±2.0° vs.7.0°±3.0°, F=4.343, P=0.029) than the school-age group. The preschool group had fewer fused vertebrae than the school-age and adolescent groups (3.8±1.6 vs. 7.0±2.6 vs. 6.8±2.6, F=10.480, P=0.005). The preschool group also had less intraoperative blood loss than the adolescent groups ((320±125) ml vs. (480±113) ml, F=8.666, P=0.013). However, no significant differences were found in postoperative and final follow-up measurements of primary and distal curve Cobb angles, neck tilt, shoulder balance, coronal balance, trunk tilt, clavicle angle, head deviation, local kyphosis, or complication rates (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Children with cervicothoracic hemivertebra across different age groups exhibit similar surgical outcomes and complication rates. But the preschool group had fewer fixed segments and less intraoperative blood loss, suggesting that this age group is an ideal time for surgery.

Jingjin (muscle region of meridian) is a distal diagnosis and treatment system of the sinew/fascia disorders on the base of the concept of jin in TCM. Jin should be a particular palpable structure rather than a single anatomic structure with a specific distributing course. Yizhi weishu refers to a idea running through the whole process of diagnosis and treatment of sinew/fascia disorders, in which, the results, obtained by the overall observation and palpation of patient's sinew/fascia structure, are taken as the criteria of treatment. Yitong weishu (taking the sites of sensitivity or tenderness as the points) verifies this idea in practice. Under the guidance of yizhi weishu, through identifying the primary from the secondary, and regulating yin and yang, the spasticity and flaccidity of sinews/fascia can be cured and the induced diseases treated. The diagnosis and treatment system of jingjin, based on yizhi weishu, develops the original jingjin theory with vague concept involved, formulates a systematic thinking of treatment for sinew/fascia disorders and provides a new approach to clinical treatment.
Humans ; Meridians ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Muscle Spasticity

Objective:To compare Jefferson-fracture reduction plate (JeRP) and micro titanium plate in the transoral single-segment fixation of unstable atlas fractures.Methods:From January 2008 to December 2020, 45 patients with unstable atlas fracture were treated by single-segment fixation through an oral approach with a JeRP or a micro titanium plate at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command. They were 24 males and 21 females, aged from 15 to 67 years. By the Gehweiler classification, 11 atlas fractures were type Ⅰ and 34 type Ⅲ; by the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification, the spinal cord injury was grade D in 7 cases and grade E in 38 cases; by the Dickman classification, the atlas transverse ligament injury was type Ⅰ in 4 cases and type Ⅱ in 11 cases. Of the patients, 26 were treated by transoral single-segment fixation with a JeRP and 19 by transoral single-segment fixation with a micro titanium plate. The 2 groups were compared in terms of baseline data, operation time, blood loss, hospital stay, visual analog scale (VAS) for neck pain and atlas lateral mass displacement (LMD) before operation and at the last follow-up, and intraoperative and postoperative complications.Results:The 2 groups were comparable because there was no significant difference between them in the preoperative general data ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up for 12 to 55 months (mean, 21.8 months). Wound dehiscence or infection was observed in none of the patients after operation. About 12 months after operation, all fractures achieved bony union, neck pain basically disappeared, and neck movement had no obvious limitation. The hospital stay was (13.9±2.2) d for the JeRP group and (14.2±2.9) d for the micro titanium plate group, showing no significant difference between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). The operation time was (203.5±173.4) min and the blood loss (167.3±138.6) mL in the JeRP group, significantly more than those in the micro titanium plate group [(121.5±50.5) min and (98.4±57.2) mL] ( P<0.05). In the JeRP group, the preoperative LMD was (6.7±1.7) mm and the preoperative VAS score (6.8±1.0) points, significantly higher than the last follow-up values [(0.7±0.6) mm and (0.7±0.6) points] ( P<0.05). In the micro titanium plate group, the preoperative LMD was (6.6±1.5) mm and the preoperative VAS score (6.7±0.9) points, significantly higher than the last follow-up values [(0.9±0.6) mm and (0.8±0.7) points] ( P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the preoperative or the last follow-up comparison between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). Implant loosening was observed in one patient in the JeRP group while foreign body sensation in the throat was reported in one patient after operation in the micro titanium plate group. Conclusions:Both JeRP and micro titanium plate in the transoral single-segment fixation can lead to effective treatment of unstable atlas fractures. Compared with JeRP, the micro titanium plate can effectively shorten operation time and reduce blood loss due to its smaller size and lower incision.

Objective: To explore the predictive value of the impedance measured during leadless pacemaker Micra implantation on the trend of changes of pacing threshold post implantation. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. Patients who received implantation of leadless pacemaker Micra at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from December 2019 to August 2020 were enrolled. The clinical data and the intraoperative electrical parameters during leadless pacemaker implantation were collected. The impedance and pacing threshold data were analyzed at three time points: immediate release, 5-10 min after release, and after traction test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to analyze the value of the impedance at immediate release on predicting the trend of changes of pacing threshold post implantation. Results: A total of 21 patients (mean age: (72.2±12.5) years, 12 males) were included. The impedance of 21 patients was (798.1±35.3) Ω immediately after implantation, (800.9±35.6) Ω after 5-10 minutes of release, and (883.6±31.7) Ω after traction test. Impedance was similar between the three time points (P>0.05). The threshold was (0.97±0.11) V/0.24 ms immediately after implantation, (0.95±0.12) V/0.24 ms at 5-10 min after the release, and (0.59±0.06) V/0.24 ms after the traction test. The threshold was significantly lower after the traction test than that immediately after release (P=0.003) and than that at 5-10 minutes after release (P=0.008), suggesting a decreased tendency of the threshold over time. According to the analysis of the ROC curve, the immediate impedance after the release ≥680 Ω could predict the ideal pacing threshold after the traction test (AUC=0.989, 95%CI 0.702-0.964, P<0.001), the prediction sensitivity was 87%, and the specificity was 100%. The pacing threshold would be not ideal with the immediate impedance ≤ 520 Ω (95%CI 0.893-1.000, P<0.001), the sensitivity was 100%, and the specificity was 80%. Conclusions: The impedance immediately after the release has predictive value for the changing trend of threshold post leadless pacemaker Micra implantation. Impedance ≥680 Ω immediately after release is often related with ideal pacing threshold after the traction test. In contrast, the impedance ≤ 520 Ω pacing is often related with unsatisfactory threshold after the traction test, therefore, it is recommended to find a new pacing site to achieve the impedance ≥680 Ω immediately after release during leadless pacemaker Micra implantation.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Electric Impedance ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical features of preterm infants with a birth weight less than 1 500 g undergoing different intensities of resuscitation. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for the preterm infants with a birth weight less than 1 500 g and a gestational age less than 32 weeks who were treated in the neonatal intensive care unit of 20 hospitals in Jiangsu, China from January 2018 to December 2019. According to the intensity of resuscitation in the delivery room, the infants were divided into three groups:non-tracheal intubation ( RESULTS: Compared with the non-tracheal intubation group, the tracheal intubation and ECPR groups had significantly lower rates of cesarean section and use of antenatal corticosteroid ( CONCLUSIONS For preterm infants with a birth weight less than 1 500 g, the higher intensity of resuscitation in the delivery room is related to lower rate of antenatal corticosteroid therapy, lower gestational age, and lower birth weight. The infants undergoing tracheal intubation or ECRP in the delivery room have an increased incidence rate of adverse clinical outcomes. This suggests that it is important to improve the quality of perinatal management and delivery room resuscitation to improve the prognosis of the infants.
Birth Weight ; Cesarean Section ; China ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies

This study investigated the inhibitory effect of eight natural flavonoids in Chinese herb Scutellariae Radix on huamn cytochrome P450 1 A(CYP1 A), a key cancer chemo-preventive target. In this study, phenacetin was used as a probe substrate for CYP1 A, while human liver microsomes and recombinant human CYP1 A enzymes were used as enzyme sources. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to monitor the formation rates of acetaminophen, the O-deethylated metabolite of phenacetin. The dose-dependent inhibition curves were depicted based on the changes of the formation rates of acetaminophen, while the IC_(50) were determined. Inhibition kinetic analyses and docking simulations were used to investigate the inhibition modes and mechanism of wogonin(the most potent CYP1 A inhibitor in this herb), while the inhibition constants(K_i) of wogonin against both CYP1 A1 and CYP1 A2 were determined. Among all tested flavonoids, wogonin, 7-methoxyflavanone and oroxylin A displayed a strong inhibitory effect on CYP1 A(IC_(50)<1 μmol·L~(-1)), baicalein exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect on CYP1 A(IC_(50) between 1-10 μmol·L~(-1)), and baicalin, scutellarein and wogonoside displayed a very weak inhibitory effect on CYP1 A(IC_(50) between 10-25 μmol·L~(-1)), but scutellarin displayed a negligible inhibitory effect on CYP1 A(IC_(50)>100 μmol·L~(-1)). Further investigations demonstrated that wogonin had a weak inhibitory effect on other human CYP enzymes, suggesting that it could be used as a lead compound for the development of specific inhibitors of CYP1 A. Furthermore, the inhibition kinetic analyses clearly demonstrated that wogonin could strongly inhibit phenacetin O-deethylation in both CYP1 A1 and CYP1 A2 in a competitive manner, with K_i values at 0.118 and 0.262 μmol·L~(-1), respectively. Molecular docking demonstrated that wogonin could strongly interact with CYP1 A1 and CYP1 A2 via hydrophobic and π-π interactions, as well as Ser120 and Ser116 in CYP1 A1 via hydrogen-bonding. In conclusion, this study found that some flavonoids in Scutellariae Radix displayed a strong inhibitory effect on CYP1 A, while wogonin is the most potent CYP1 A inhibitor with a relatively high selectivity towards CYP1 A over other human CYPs.
Chromatography, Liquid ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Flavanones ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the expression differences and significance of periostin (PN) in eyelid basal cell carcinoma associated fibroblasts (BCAFs) andnormal fibroblasts (NFs) after separation,culture,purification and identification.Methods The third generation of purified BCAFs and NFs was selected,and the concentrations of cell suspensions were modulated to 20 × 106 L-1 by trypsin,and then the cell suspension were seeded and cultured in 6-well plate by 2 mL per well.The cell culture supernatants were collected when BCAFs and NFs were cultured by serum-free medium for 48 h,then the content of PN in cell culture supernatants from BCAFs and NFs was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The glass coverslips were placed at the bottom of the 6-well plate to make cell slides,and then the expression of PN in BCAFs and NFs cells were tested by immunofluorescence staining.Results ELISA showed that the content of PN in cell culture supernatants from BCAFs and NFs was (9.26 ± 2.35) μg · L-1 and (2.57 ± 0.41) μg · L-1.And the expression level of PN in BCAFs tested by immunofluorescence staining technology was higher than that in NFs cells,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression and secretion of PN in the eyelid BCAFs were highly enhanced when compared with NFs,suggesting that periostein may promote or inhibit the occurrence and development of the eyelid basal cell carcinoma in the microenvironment of the eyelid basal cell carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the malaria knowledge of CDC staff and their demands on related training in malaria non⁃endemic areas，so as to provide the reference for planning the appropriate curriculum. Methods All the participants who were the staff of county CDCs all over Qinghai Province and attended the provincial training workshop were surveyed. A self⁃administered questionnaire survey was carried out and the data was statistically analyzed. Results A total of 115 participants were involved in this survey. They were mostly（85.21%）from county CDCs. The general knowledge of malaria among the respondents was well，and the average rate of correct answers was 70.35%. However，the answers to the general knowledge of malaria and anti⁃malaria treatment were not well enough. The rates of correct answers were 61.96% and 48.99% respectively. The differences among the groups of job title ranking，department of working and level of CDC were not significant（F = 0.13-2.02，all P > 0.05）. The number of correct answers was significantly increased after the training course. The average score after the training was 79.20±15.16 while the pre⁃training score was 70.34±17.46（t = 3.86，P < 0.05），especially in the answers to general malaria knowledge and malaria surveillance and response（t = 4.30，4.97，both P < 0.05）. The general knowledge of malaria was considered as the most need of training as 80% of the respondents voted“Yes”，according to the demand analysis. There was no significant difference among the different groups（F = 0.61-3.11，both P > 0.05）. Conclusion The malaria knowledge is well mastered by the staff of CDCs in Qinghai Province，and the further training courses are requested and addressed in the target areas such as general malaria knowledge，anti⁃malaria treatment，malaria surveillance and response.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of latamoxef sodium injection combined with metronidazole tablets in the treatment of intestinal ganglion cell disease.Methods A total of 90 patients with intestinal ganglion cells were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,with 45 cases per group.All patients were treated with laparoscopic assisted radical resection of the large intestine.After operation,control group was given metronidazole 0.4 g,tid,orally.The treatment group was given latamoxef sodium injection 2.0 g,qd,intravenous injection,on the basis of control group.Two groups were treated for 21 d.The clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions in two groups were compared.Results After treatment,the total effective rates in treatment group and control group were 93.33％ (42 cases/45 cases) and 80.00％ (36 cases/45 cases),with significant difference (P ＜0.05).The main adverse drug reactions in treatment group were enterocolitis,constipation and urinary retention,with the incidence of 8.89％ (4 cases/45 cases).The adverse drug reactions in control group were small bowel disease,rectal muscle sheath infection,constipation and urinary retention,with the incidence of 31.11％ (14 cases/45 cases).The difference was statistically significant between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The combination of cefotaxime sodium and metronidazole could improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions.