Objective: To conduct screening for rare blood types within important blood group systems for the Chinese population, such as Rh, Duffy, Kidd, P1Pk, Diego, and MNS, in the Guangzhou region, and to establish a corresponding rare blood type database and physical repository. Methods: The saline medium microplate method was used to screen blood donors with the ccDEE phenotype combined with either Jk(a-) or Jk(b-). The polybrene microplate method was employed to screen for donors with Fy(a-), s(-), Lu(b-), Di(b-), k(-), and p phenotypes. The urea lysis microplate method was applied to screen for the Jk(a-b-) phenotype. A high-resolution melting (HRM) curve method was established for screening some donors with the Di(b-) phenotype. Subsequently, expanded phenotyping of antigens in the Rh, Kidd, MNS, Duffy, P1Pk, Lewis, Kell, and Lutheran blood group systems was performed on identified rare blood type donors using monoclonal antibodies. The test results are entered into the Rare Blood Type Bank Management System of the Guangzhou Blood Center, enabling functions such as confirmation reminders and cryopreservation storage when the donor donates again. Red blood cells of rare blood types are processed into frozen red blood cells for long-term storage. Results: Among voluntary blood donors, 16 cases of the ccDEE combined with Jk(a-) phenotype were identified (0.221 7%, 16/7 216); 10 cases of the ccDEE combined with Jk(b-) phenotype (0.138 6%, 10/7 216); 78 cases of the Fy(a-) phenotype (0.169 5%, 78/46 012); 39 cases of the Lu(b-) phenotype (0.138 2%, 39/28 214); 31 cases of the s(-) phenotype (0.081 8%, 31/37 913); 22 cases of the Di(b-) phenotype (0.029 9%, 22/73 691); 30 cases of the Jk(a-b-) phenotype (0.010 1%, 30/298 250); and 1 case of the k(-) phenotype (0.001 3%, 1/77 382), which was further identified as KELnull phenotype (K0). No p phenotype donors were identified (0/88 528). A total of 228 units of frozen red blood cells were prepared. The screening results were compared and analyzed with rare blood type data from other regions. Conclusion: This study, through a combination of different screening methods, significantly improved the efficiency of rare blood type screening while remaining cost-effective. By conducting large-scale screening and performing data informatization processing, a database and physical repository of rare blood types in the Guangzhou region were successfully established. This provides a strong guarantee for the timely supply of blood to patients with difficult-to-match and rare blood types in the region, effectively enhances the level of transfusion safety in the region, and offers a practical paradigm for constructing a comprehensive blood transfusion support system.

Objective:To investigate the effects of moxibustion at Tianshu(ST25)acupoint on 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)-induced intestinal mucositis(IM)and its underlying mechanisms.Methods:Eighteen C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into four groups:normal control(NC),IM model(IM),moxibustion 15 min(MO 15 min),and moxibustion 30 min(MO 30 min).The IM model was established via intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU.Pathological changes in colon tissues were observed using hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.Protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha(PPARα),nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),phosphorylated NF-κB(p-NF-κB),NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3(NLRP3),caspase-1,interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and interleukin-18(IL-18)were analyzed via Western blot,ELISA,and immunohistochemistry.Results:Compared with the NC group,the IM group showed significantly shortened colon length(P＜0.05),exhibited mucosal damage,inflammatory cell infiltration,and glandular disorder,along with upregulated protein expression of p-NF-κB,NLRP3,IL-1β,IL-18,and caspase-1(P＜0.05),and downregulated PPARα expression(P＜0.05).After moxibustion intervention,the MO 15 min group demonstrated increased intestinal length(P＜0.05),reduced pathological scores(P＜0.05),significantly downregulated expression of NLRP3,p-NF-κB,IL-1β,and IL-18(P＜0.05),and elevated PPARα expression(P＜0.05),while total NF-κB protein levels remained unchanged.Conclusion:Moxibustion at Tianshu(ST25)acupoint may alleviate 5-FU-induced intestinal mucosal inflammatory responses by activating PPARα to suppress the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway.

With the establishment of bio-psycho-social medical model,both social and psychological factors play an important role in the occurrence,development and treatment of diseases.Hypertension is a common chronic multiple disease in China,and patients are often complicated with depression and other e-motional disorders.The interaction between hypertension and depression significantly increases the risk of poor prognosis.Current studies have shown a bidirectional promoting relationship between hypertension and depression,and they have some com-mon pathogenesis.However,the specific mechanism of their co-morbidity has not been fully elucidated.Renin-angiotensin sys-tem(RAS)plays an important role in the regulation of hyperten-sion and depression and other emotions.It is composed of two antagonistic pathways.The balance is maintained by angioten-sin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2).Therefore,this article reviews the relationship and mechanism of RAS in hypertension,depres-sion and comorbid states,in order to provide new treatment ide-as for hypertension and depression.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features and pathogenic genes of a family with congenital cataracts.Methods:A pedigree analysis was performed.A Han Chinese family initially diagnosed with congenital cataracts at The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang in March 2024 was enrolled.The proband and selected family members underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations.Potential cataract-associated genetic variants in the proband were identified using whole exome sequencing (WES). Sanger sequencing was employed to confirm the presence of these variants in the proband and other family members.The identified variants were analyzed in accordance with the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang (No.20230074). Both the subjects and their guardians were informed of the study purpose and voluntarily signed the informed consent form.Results:The pedigree included four generations comprising 15 individuals, with three patients identified across the second, third, and fourth generations.These cases included two males and one female, specifically the proband, his mother, and his eldest son.The observed inheritance pattern aligned with an autosomal dominant mode, characterized by the clinical presentation of bilateral cataracts.WES identified a novel frameshift insertion variant c. 270_271insA in exon 2 of the CRYAB gene in the proband, resulting in a valine-to-serine substitution at amino acid position 91.This variant induced early termination of translation following the expression of two additional amino acids, loss of 84 amino acids (p.V91Sfs2) and the production of a functionally impaired protein.The Sanger sequencing validation results were consistent with the co-segregation.According to the ACMG classification criteria (PM2+ PP1+ PVS1), the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. Conclusions:The frameshift insertion variant c. 270_271insA (p.V91Sfs2) in exon 2 of the CRYAB gene is likely the pathogenic cause of congenital cataract in this family.This is the first report of this variant.

Objective To develop a nomogram-based predictive model for assessing the risk of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS)in premature infants in the high-altitude region of Dali.The predictive performance and clinical applicability of the model will be systematically evaluated to provide evidence-based guidance for the early diagnosis and clinical management of respiratory distress in premature infants.Methods A total of 680 preterm infants admitted to the Dali Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2020 and December 2024 were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into a training set(n=476)and a validation set(n=204)at a ratio of 7∶3.Independent predictors were identified through univariate logistic regression and multivariate stepwise regression analyses,and a nomogram model was subsequently developed using R software.The performance of the model,including its discrimination,calibration,stability,and clinical applicability,was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC),Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test,bootstrap resampling method,and decision curve analysis(DCA).Results The final model incorporated seven independent variables:gestational age,birth weight,Apgar score,blood oxygen saturation,gestational hyperglycemia,prenatal glucocor-ticoid therapy,and maternal history of infection.The areas under the curve(AUCs)for the training and validation sets were 0.88(95%CI:0.84～0.92)and 0.83(95%CI:0.76～0.89),respectively,with all Hosmer-Lemeshow test p-values exceeding 0.05.The bootstrap-corrected AUC was 0.85(95%CI:0.81～0.89).DCA indicated that the model achieved the highest net benefit at a risk threshold range of 10%to 35%.Conclusions This model integrates multiple risk factors associated with the occurrence of RDS in plateau environments,demonstrating robust predictive performance for RDS in preterm infants residing in high-altitude areas such as Dali.It can serve as a valuable tool for risk stratification and clinical decision-making,and may also provide a reference for future multicenter prospective studies.

AIM:To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of sesamin(SES)on fatty liver disease in rats with hypertension combined with dyslipidemia,and to explore the potential mecha-nisms based on mRNA-seq.METHODS:Spontane-ously hypertensive rats(SHRs)were fed a high-fat,high-cholesterol diet to establish a rat model of hy-pertension combined with dyslipidemia,and then treated with SES for 16 weeks continuously.The ex-periment was divided into four groups:WKY,SHR,Model,and Model+SES(160 mg·kg-1·d-1).Blood pressure was measured using the tail-cuff method.Body weight was monitored,and body mass index was calculated.Liver morphology was detected by ultrasound,and liver thickness was measured.Liver wet weight was weighed,and liver index was calcu-lated.Liver volume was detected by the water dis-placement method.Serum triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate amino-transferase(AST),and total bile acids(TBA)were de-tected by ELISA.Liver sequencing analysis was per-formed using mRNA-seq.Liver histomorphological changes were observed by HE staining.The degree of hepatic steatosis was observed by Oil Red O stain-ing,and the degree of hepatic fibrosis was observed by MASSON staining.The mRNA expression of Al-dh1a7,Nnmt,Irs2,Pltp,and Scd was detected by q-PCR.The protein expression of Scd,Nnmt,AMPK,p-AMPK,PPARα,and PPARγ was detected by Western blotting.RESULTS:After 16 weeks of continuous SES administration to rats with hypertension combined with dyslipidemia,blood pressure was significantly reduced(P＜0.01),and body weight was decreased.Serum TG,TC,and LDL-C levels were decreased,while HDL-C levels were increased.Serum ALT and AST levels were decreased.Liver weight,organ in-dex,liver thickness,and liver volume were de-creased.The degree of hepatic steatosis and hepat-ic fibrosis was improved.A total of 545 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified in the livers of rats in each group,of which 278 were upregulated and 267 were downregulated.Among the 27 com-monly differentially expressed mRNAs,five mRNAs related to lipid metabolism were screened,namely Aldh1a7,Nnmt,Irs2,Pltp,and Scd.KEGG enrich-ment analysis showed that the enriched pathways were AMPK and PPAR.Further validation revealed that in the SES-treated group,the mRNA expression of Scd in the liver was decreased,while the mRNA expression of Nnmt was increased.The protein ex-pression of Scd was decreased,while the protein ex-pression of Nnmt,AMPK,p-AMPK,PPARα,and PPARγ was increased.CONCLUSION:SES has preven-tive and therapeutic effects on fatty liver disease in rats with hypertension combined with dyslipidemia,and its mechanism of action may be related to the reduction of Scd expression levels in the liver and the increase in the expression of Nnmt,AMPK,p-AMPK,PPARα,and PPARγ.

This paper aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of action of the Yiqi Fumai Formula(YQFM), a kind of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), on mice with experimental heart failure based on the "heart-gut axis" theory. Based on the network pharmacology integrated with the group collaboration algorithm, the active ingredients were screened, a "component-target-disease" network was constructed, and the potential pathways regulated by the formula were predicted and analyzed. Next, the model of experimental heart failure was established by intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin at a single high dose(15 mg·kg~(-1)) in BALB/c mice. After intraperitoneal injection of YQFM(lyophilized) at 7.90, 15.80, and 31.55 mg·d~(-1) for 7 d, the protective effects of the formula on cardiac function were evaluated using indicators such as ultrasonic electrocardiography and myocardial injury markers. Combined with inflammatory factors in the cardiac and colorectal tissue, as well as targeted assays, the relevant indicators of potential pathways were verified. Meanwhile, 16S rDNA sequencing was performed on mouse fecal samples using the Illumina platform to detect changes in gut flora and analyze differential metabolic pathways. The results show that the administration of injectable YQFM(lyophilized) for 7 d significantly increased the left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter, fractional shortening, and ejection fraction of cardiac tissue of mice with experimental heart failure(P<0.05). Moreover, markers of myocardial injury were significantly decreased(P<0.05), indicating improved cardiac function, along with significantly suppressed inflammatory responses in cardiac and intestinal tissue(P<0.05). Additionally, the species of causative organisms was decreased, and the homeostasis of gut flora was improved, involving a modulatory effect on PI3K-Akt signaling pathway-related inflammation in cardiac and colorectal tissue. In conclusion, YQFM can affect the "heart-gut axis" immunity through the homeostasis of the gut flora, thereby exerting a therapeutic effect on heart failure. This finding provides a reference for the combination of TCM and western medicine to prevent and treat heart failure based on the "heart-gut axis" theory.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Heart Failure/microbiology* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Male ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Heart/physiopathology* ; Humans ; Signal Transduction/drug effects*

Objective:This article aims to investigate the effect of optimized prehospital emergency intervention com-bined with green channel on prehospital delay and prognosis of patients with acute cor pulmonale(ACP).Methods:This randomized controlled study enrolled 116 ACP patients admitted in Hai'an People's Hospital between January 2021 and January 2023.They were divided into control group(n=58,routine emergency nursing procedure)and in-tervention group(n=58,optimized prehospital emergency intervention combined with green channel program).After 1-month intervention,therapeutic effect,emergency indicators,cardiopulmonary function,quality of life and incidence of complications were compared between two groups.Results:After 1-month,total effective rate of intervention group was significantly higher than that of control group(84.48％vs.62.07％,P=0.006).Com-pared with patients in control group,those in intervention group had significant lower emergency stay time[(19.80±1.90)min vs.(27.92±1.62)min],triage assessment time[(2.01±0.18)min vs.(2.99±0.17)min]and transport time[(33.69±1.90)min vs.(35.91±1.74)min],and significant higher left ventricular ejection frac-tion(LVEF)[(59.85±1.36)％vs.(46.97±1.79)％],forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1)[(3.66±0.17)L vs.(3.00±0.17)L],scores of nursing quality and each domain of Quality of Life Instruments for Chro-nic Diseases-Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease(QLICD-CPHD)(P＜0.001 all).Incidence of complications in intervention group was significantly lower than that of control group(5.17％vs.17.24％,P=0.039).Conclusion:Optimized prehospital emergency intervention combined with green channel has significant clinical effect on ACP patients.It could reduce emergency,triage and transport time,improve nursing quality and quality of life,enhance cardiopulmonary function,and reduce the incidence of complications.

Objective To design an 8-channel gene analyzer to take the place of the widely used gene analyzer with problems in inconvenient consumable replacement and short storage time of electrophoresis polymer.Methods The 8-channel gene analyzer had its mechanical components composed of an automatic sample loading table,a polymer injection module,a high-voltage temperature control module,an optical module and an integrated U box,its electrical control system made up of a host computer(an embedded computer)and three slave computers(a sampling control board,a polymer injection control board and a high-voltage temperature control board).The automatic sample loading table involved in four motors and transmission systems for x,y,z directions and optical alignment,the transmission systems adopted mainly belt drive mode and the optical alignment motor had its threads with an anti-backlash structure;the polymer injuection module was manipulated by the polymer injection control board,and the polymer block was made of highly transparent acrylic material;the high-voltage temperature control module realized the regulation of electrophoresis voltage and the detection of electrophoresis current by the low-ripple precision high-voltage power supply,and controlled the temperature of the heating furnace by the proportional-integral-differential(PID)algorithm;the optical module consisted of an excitation module and a light-receiving module,which had the base of the reflector made of low expansion coefficient alloy material;the integrated U box had the electrophoresis polymer,capillary array,polymer block and anode buffer in a plastic housing;the host computer had the data acquisition software programmed with C# and C++,and the slave computers were controlled by STM32 SCM.Results The 8-channel gene analyzer had no significant differences with the widely used ABI3500 gene analyzer in resolution,precision accuracy and clinical results.Conclusion The 8-channel gene analyzer gains advantages in consumable replacement and storage time of electrophoresis polymer,and can meet the requirements for gene sequencing.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(2):24-30]