Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), as certain forms of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) or keratinocyte carcinoma, are the most common forms of malignant neoplasms worldwide (Sharp et al., 2024). BCC and cSCC have been identified as two major components of NMSC, comprising one-third of all malignancies (Burton et al., 2016). Generally speaking, patients with NMSC tend to have relatively favorable survival outcomes, while different histopathological subtypes of NMSC exhibit distinct biological behaviors (Stătescu et al., 2023). Keratinocyte carcinoma, although not considered as deadly as melanoma, tends to metastasize if left untreated (Civantos et al., 2023; Nanz et al., 2024). cSCC can evolve locally, then aggressively metastasize, invade, and even lead to fatal consequences in a subset of patients (Winge et al., 2023). A solid, pigmented, smooth plaque or a hyperkeratotic papule with or without central ulceration and hemorrhage appears to be characteristic of cSCC (Thompson et al., 2016; Zhou et al., 2023). Of note, a rare type of intraepidermal cSCC in situ often appears as a velvety, demarcated, slightly raised erythematous plaque on the genitalia of men (Yamaguchi et al., 2016). Accounting for approximately 16.0% of scalp tumors and with a rising incidence, cSCC is now the second most common NMSC in humans (Verdaguer-Faja et al., 2024). According to the latest statistics, up to 2%‒5% of cSCCs in situ may gradually progress into invasive cSCCs in the final step (Rentroia-Pacheco et al., 2023). Several risk factors for the carcinogenesis and development of cSCC have been identified, including age, accumulative exposure to ultraviolet light radiation A and B, human papillomavirus infection, arsenic ingestion, chronic scarring, xeroderma pigmentosa, a relevant history of ionizing radiation, androgenetic alopecia in males, and immunosuppression therapy (Martinez and Otley, 2001; Welsch et al., 2012; Mortaja and Demehri, 2023).
Humans ; Aminolevulinic Acid/therapeutic use* ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology* ; Photochemotherapy/methods* ; Female ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology* ; Middle Aged ; Photosensitizing Agents/therapeutic use* ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell/drug therapy*

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Spine fracture and dislocation are common traumatic spinal conditions that often require surgical intervention due to compromised spinal stability. Surgical approaches include anterior, posterior, and combined anterior-posterior spinal procedures. According to the specific surgical requirements, patients may be placed in the prone position or repositioned between prone and supine positions during surgery. Intraoperative repositioning has become an essential step in patient positioning. However, during repositioning, patients with spinal fracture and dislocation are at increased risk for complications such as hemodynamic instability, nerve injury, and pressure injuries to the skin and soft tissue. Notably, due to the instability of the spinal cord, even minor manipulations can further exacerbate the damage, potentially leading to severe outcomes like paraplegia. Although the current clinical guidelines provide instructive recommendations for standard position, there remains no specific protocols for intraoperative repositioning in patients with spine fracture and dislocation. With a concern for the lack of clinical studies on positioning techniques, risk prevention, and operational norms for special patients, no applicable guidelines or standards are available. A consensus was required to provide clinical reference, meet the requirements of surgical treatment, and minimize the safety risks of patients caused by improper placement of positions. Professional Committee of Operating Room Nursing of Shaanxi Nursing Association organized experts in nursing management and operating room nursing from major hospitals across China to formulate Expert consensus on intraoperative repositioning for patients with spinal fracture and dislocation ( version 2025). The consensus provides 11 recommendations covering pre-repositioning preparation, intraoperative maneuvers, and post-repositioning observation, aiming to provide references for clinical standardization of the intraoperative repositioning process and protection of patients′ safety.

Objective To investigate the recovery of plasma metabolism in asymptomatic and mild patients of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)one year after recovery.Methods A total of 174 participants were recruited from the communities in Wuhan,including 80 healthy volunteers and the COVID-19 patients who had recovered for one year.According to the disease severity,the recovered COVID-19 patients were grouped as asymptomatic patients(n=80)and mild patients(n=14).The liquid chromatography mass spectrometry platform was employed to study the metabolomic characteristics of the plasma from all the participants.Results The plasma metabolites in asymptomatic patients and mild patients remained abnormal compared with those in healthy volunteers.Among the differential metabolites in asymptomatic patients and mild patients,some metabolites showed a downward trend only in mild patients,such as phosphatidylethanolamine[20∶3(5Z,8Z,11Z)/P-18∶0],sphingomyelin(d18∶1/24∶0),and cholesteryl(15∶0).The metabolic pathway involving the differential metabolites in mild patients was mainly glycerophospholipid metabolism.Conclusions Even one year after recovery,the mild COVID-19 patients still exhibit metabolic abnormalities.Hence,these patients may experience an extended period of time for recovery.
Humans ; COVID-19/metabolism* ; Metabolomics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Metabolome ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Middle Aged

Spine fracture and dislocation are common traumatic spinal conditions that often require surgical intervention due to compromised spinal stability. Surgical approaches include anterior, posterior, and combined anterior-posterior spinal procedures. According to the specific surgical requirements, patients may be placed in the prone position or repositioned between prone and supine positions during surgery. Intraoperative repositioning has become an essential step in patient positioning. However, during repositioning, patients with spinal fracture and dislocation are at increased risk for complications such as hemodynamic instability, nerve injury, and pressure injuries to the skin and soft tissue. Notably, due to the instability of the spinal cord, even minor manipulations can further exacerbate the damage, potentially leading to severe outcomes like paraplegia. Although the current clinical guidelines provide instructive recommendations for standard position, there remains no specific protocols for intraoperative repositioning in patients with spine fracture and dislocation. With a concern for the lack of clinical studies on positioning techniques, risk prevention, and operational norms for special patients, no applicable guidelines or standards are available. A consensus was required to provide clinical reference, meet the requirements of surgical treatment, and minimize the safety risks of patients caused by improper placement of positions. Professional Committee of Operating Room Nursing of Shaanxi Nursing Association organized experts in nursing management and operating room nursing from major hospitals across China to formulate Expert consensus on intraoperative repositioning for patients with spinal fracture and dislocation ( version 2025). The consensus provides 11 recommendations covering pre-repositioning preparation, intraoperative maneuvers, and post-repositioning observation, aiming to provide references for clinical standardization of the intraoperative repositioning process and protection of patients′ safety.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To investigate the effect of renal denervation on cardiac function and sympa-thetic nerve remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR).Methods Sixteen SPF male SHRs were randomly and equally divided into renal denervation(RDN)group and sham operation group,and 8 SPF Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)rats served as the normotensive control group.Blood pressure and heart rate of each group were non-invasively recorded every two weeks.In 8 weeks after the RDN procedure,mean arterial pressure was recorded after carotid artery catheterization,and heart rate variability,including low-frequency power(LF),high-frequency power(HF),and LF/HF ratio,was detected with electrocardiography.Cardiac function was assessed using echocar-diography(ECG),with indicators such as left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricu-lar fractional shortening(LVFS),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),and left ven-tricular end-systolic diameter(LVESD).HE staining was used to assess myocardial injury,while immunohistochemical staining was employed to detect myocardial tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)density.RT-PCR was performed to measure the mRNA expression of IL-1β and TNF-α.Results The SBP before surgery,as well as at 2,4,6,and 8 weeks post-surgery,and the mean arterial pressure(MAP)were significantly higher in the sham operation and RDN groups than the control group,while,the MAP in the RDN group at 2,4,6,and 8 weeks post-surgery was significantly lower than that in the sham operation group(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the sham operation group showed significant increases in LVEDD,LVESD,heart weight-to-body weight ratio,myocardial TH,LF and LF/HF ratio,and myocardial IL-1β and TNF-α expression,while HF,LVEF,and LVFS were significantly reduced(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Compared with the sham operation group,the RDN group showed significant increases in LVEF[(83.32±2.34)％vs(75.33±2.46)％,P＜0.05],LVFS[(45.57±2.42)％vs(38.42±1.64)％,P＜0.05],and HF(66.73±2.33 vs 60.23±1.54,P＜0.01).Meanwhile,LVESD[(3.56±0.34)mm vs(4.33±0.36)mm,P＜0.05],LVEDD[(6.43±0.38)mm vs(7.23±0.42)mm,P＜0.05],heart weight-to-body weight ratio(3.52±0.16 vs 3.82±0.22,P＜0.05),myocardial TH(0.15±0.01 vs 0.19±0.02,P＜0.05),LF[(15.55±1.08)％vs(19.91±1.79)％,P＜0.01]and LF/HF ratio(0.23±0.01 vs 0.33±0.03,P＜0.01),and the mRNA levels of myocardial IL-1β(2.47±0.15 vs 3.12±0.18,P＜0.05)and TNF-a(3.15±0.21 vs 3.79±0.17,P＜0.05)were significantly reduced.Conclusion RDN can reduce blood pressure in SHR,improve cardiac structure and function,and inhibit cardi-ac sympathetic nerve remodeling,which may be through alleviating neuroinflammation.

Objective:To understand the current status of core measures of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing in Anhui Province and analyze its promotion strategies, so we can provide reference for further implementation and promotion of clinical practice guidelines of ERAS.Methods:Design a Development Questionnaire of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery in Anhui Province based on the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery in China (2021 edition) (I) and, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on surgical nurses in 132 secondary and above hospitals in Anhui Province from July to September 2023 by the convenience sampling method.Results:A total of 1 375 nurses from 13 cities in Anhui province participated in the survey. The nurses′ awareness rate of ERAS concept was 100.00%, but only 52.51% (722/1 375) of the nurses had received standardized ERAS training, and only 26.11% (359/1 375) of the nurses indicated that they had a multidisciplinary team such as medical care, anesthesia and nutrition were involved in the implementation of the ERAS. Nearly 38.33% (527/1 375) of the nurses said that the department lacked the relevant nursing quality control system, and the overall implementation rate of quality control training, development, feedback and monitoring was not high. Only 55.71% (766/1 375) of nurses reported that a quality control team has been established within their department, and only 40.44% (556/1 375) of departments conduct monthly checks on the implementation and progress of ERAS. In terms of the implementation of core measures, preoperative thromboprevention therapy, intraoperative temperature monitoring and management, postoperative multimodal analgesia were better; however, the implementation of preoperative fasting time ≤ 6 h, water ban time≤ 2 h, oral carbohydrate drinks or clean streaming drinks, oral intake of enteral nutritional supplementation when less than 60% of the normal amount was poor.Conclusions:There are still many deficiencies in the overall development of ERAS nursing in Anhui Province, and the implementation level of core measures also needs to be improved. It is necessary to combine the concept of precision nursing, strengthen the whole process management and quality control, so as to promote the clinical practice and promotion of ERAS.

Objective To investigate the effect of renal denervation on cardiac function and sympa-thetic nerve remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR).Methods Sixteen SPF male SHRs were randomly and equally divided into renal denervation(RDN)group and sham operation group,and 8 SPF Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)rats served as the normotensive control group.Blood pressure and heart rate of each group were non-invasively recorded every two weeks.In 8 weeks after the RDN procedure,mean arterial pressure was recorded after carotid artery catheterization,and heart rate variability,including low-frequency power(LF),high-frequency power(HF),and LF/HF ratio,was detected with electrocardiography.Cardiac function was assessed using echocar-diography(ECG),with indicators such as left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricu-lar fractional shortening(LVFS),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),and left ven-tricular end-systolic diameter(LVESD).HE staining was used to assess myocardial injury,while immunohistochemical staining was employed to detect myocardial tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)density.RT-PCR was performed to measure the mRNA expression of IL-1β and TNF-α.Results The SBP before surgery,as well as at 2,4,6,and 8 weeks post-surgery,and the mean arterial pressure(MAP)were significantly higher in the sham operation and RDN groups than the control group,while,the MAP in the RDN group at 2,4,6,and 8 weeks post-surgery was significantly lower than that in the sham operation group(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the sham operation group showed significant increases in LVEDD,LVESD,heart weight-to-body weight ratio,myocardial TH,LF and LF/HF ratio,and myocardial IL-1β and TNF-α expression,while HF,LVEF,and LVFS were significantly reduced(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Compared with the sham operation group,the RDN group showed significant increases in LVEF[(83.32±2.34)％vs(75.33±2.46)％,P＜0.05],LVFS[(45.57±2.42)％vs(38.42±1.64)％,P＜0.05],and HF(66.73±2.33 vs 60.23±1.54,P＜0.01).Meanwhile,LVESD[(3.56±0.34)mm vs(4.33±0.36)mm,P＜0.05],LVEDD[(6.43±0.38)mm vs(7.23±0.42)mm,P＜0.05],heart weight-to-body weight ratio(3.52±0.16 vs 3.82±0.22,P＜0.05),myocardial TH(0.15±0.01 vs 0.19±0.02,P＜0.05),LF[(15.55±1.08)％vs(19.91±1.79)％,P＜0.01]and LF/HF ratio(0.23±0.01 vs 0.33±0.03,P＜0.01),and the mRNA levels of myocardial IL-1β(2.47±0.15 vs 3.12±0.18,P＜0.05)and TNF-a(3.15±0.21 vs 3.79±0.17,P＜0.05)were significantly reduced.Conclusion RDN can reduce blood pressure in SHR,improve cardiac structure and function,and inhibit cardi-ac sympathetic nerve remodeling,which may be through alleviating neuroinflammation.

Objective:To understand the current status of core measures of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing in Anhui Province and analyze its promotion strategies, so we can provide reference for further implementation and promotion of clinical practice guidelines of ERAS.Methods:Design a Development Questionnaire of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery in Anhui Province based on the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery in China (2021 edition) (I) and, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on surgical nurses in 132 secondary and above hospitals in Anhui Province from July to September 2023 by the convenience sampling method.Results:A total of 1 375 nurses from 13 cities in Anhui province participated in the survey. The nurses′ awareness rate of ERAS concept was 100.00%, but only 52.51% (722/1 375) of the nurses had received standardized ERAS training, and only 26.11% (359/1 375) of the nurses indicated that they had a multidisciplinary team such as medical care, anesthesia and nutrition were involved in the implementation of the ERAS. Nearly 38.33% (527/1 375) of the nurses said that the department lacked the relevant nursing quality control system, and the overall implementation rate of quality control training, development, feedback and monitoring was not high. Only 55.71% (766/1 375) of nurses reported that a quality control team has been established within their department, and only 40.44% (556/1 375) of departments conduct monthly checks on the implementation and progress of ERAS. In terms of the implementation of core measures, preoperative thromboprevention therapy, intraoperative temperature monitoring and management, postoperative multimodal analgesia were better; however, the implementation of preoperative fasting time ≤ 6 h, water ban time≤ 2 h, oral carbohydrate drinks or clean streaming drinks, oral intake of enteral nutritional supplementation when less than 60% of the normal amount was poor.Conclusions:There are still many deficiencies in the overall development of ERAS nursing in Anhui Province, and the implementation level of core measures also needs to be improved. It is necessary to combine the concept of precision nursing, strengthen the whole process management and quality control, so as to promote the clinical practice and promotion of ERAS.