OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of acupuncture therapy on dysphagia in patients with Parkinson's disease. METHODS: This randomized controlled study lasted 42 days and included 112 patients with Parkinson's disease and dysphagia. Participants were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (56 cases each group) using the completely randomized design, all under routine treatment. The experimental group was given acupuncture therapy. The primary outcome was Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS). The secondary outcomes were (1) Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA), and (2) nutritional status including body mass index (BMI), serum albumin, prealbumin, and hemoglobin. Adverse events were recorded as safety indicators. RESULTS: One participant quitted the study midway. There were no significant differences in baseline assessment (P>0.05). After treatment, both groups showed significant improvement in PAS, SSA and nutritional status except for BMI of the control group. There were significant differences between the two groups in the PAS for both paste and liquid, SSA (25.18±8.25 vs. 20.84±6.92), BMI (19.97±3.34 kg/m²vs. 21.26 ±2.38 kg/m²), serum albumin (35.16 ±5.29 g/L vs. 37.24 ±3.98 g/L), prealbumin (248.33 ±27.72 mg/L vs. 261.39 ±22.10 mg/L), hemoglobin (119.09±12.53 g/L vs. 126.67±13.97 g/L) (P<0.05). There were no severe adverse events during the study. CONCLUSION: The combination of routine treatment and acupuncture therapy can better improve dysphagia and nutritional status in patients with Parkinson's disease, than routine treatment solely. (registration No. CLINICALTRIAL gov NCT06199323).
Humans ; Parkinson Disease/therapy* ; Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology* ; Acupuncture Therapy/adverse effects* ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Nutritional Status ; Body Mass Index

Coronavirus-related diseases pose a significant challenge to the global health system. Given the diversity of coronaviruses and the unpredictable nature of disease outbreaks, the traditional "one bug, one drug" paradigm struggles to address the growing number of emerging crises. Therefore, there is an urgent need for therapeutic agents with broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus activity. Here, we provide evidence that ATV006, an anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleoside analog targeting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), has broad antiviral activity against human and animal coronaviruses. Using mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) as a model, we show that ATV006 has potent prophylactic and therapeutic activity against murine coronavirus infection in vivo. Remarkably, ATV006 successfully inhibits viral replication in mice even when administered 96 h after infection. Due to its oral bioavailability and potency against multiple coronaviruses, ATV006 has the potential to become a useful antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2 and other circulating and emerging coronaviruses in humans and animals.

Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological, structural, and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages. The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion. This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence, aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection, comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.
Humans ; Malocclusion/diagnostic imaging* ; Child ; Consensus

Objective:To analyze the factors influencing preoperative anxiety and depression in patients undergoing eye plastic surgery.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted, which included 160 patients awaiting for ocular plastic surgery at the Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January to May 2019. Among them, there were 22 males and 138 females, with an average age of (38.6±9.0) years. A one-on-one survey was conducted on enrolled patients using a paper questionnaire. The survey included general patient information, the simplified coping style questionnaire (SCSQ), the Chinese version of the Kessler 10-item questionnaire (Kessler 10), the perceived social support scale (PSSS), and the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Factors related to anxiety and depression were screened using through univariate analysis and Spearman correlation analysis, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the anxiety and depression.Results:The detection rate for preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing eye plastic surgery was 16.3% (26/160), and that for depression was 25.0% (40/160). A total of 11.3% (18/160) of patients had both anxiety and depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that positive coping strategies ( OR=0.206, 95% CI: 0.051-0.836), depression ( OR=3.596, 95% CI: 1.068-12.107), and a high Kessler10 scale total score ( OR=1.081, 95% CI: 1.005-1.162) were related to anxiety. A monthly income of 10 000-<20 000 yuan ( OR=0.196, 95% CI: 0.044-0.875), a high total score on the Kessler10 scale ( OR=1.194, 95% CI: 1.085-1.314), and a high total PSSS score ( OR=0.913, 95% CI: 0.870-0.958) were related to depression. Conclusion:Factors affecting anxiety are positive coping strategies, depression, and a high total score on the Kessler 10 scale, while those affecting depression are a monthly income of 10 000-<20 000 yuan, a high total score on the Kessler 10 scale, and a high total score on the PSSS.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To analyze the factors influencing preoperative anxiety and depression in patients undergoing eye plastic surgery.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted, which included 160 patients awaiting for ocular plastic surgery at the Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January to May 2019. Among them, there were 22 males and 138 females, with an average age of (38.6±9.0) years. A one-on-one survey was conducted on enrolled patients using a paper questionnaire. The survey included general patient information, the simplified coping style questionnaire (SCSQ), the Chinese version of the Kessler 10-item questionnaire (Kessler 10), the perceived social support scale (PSSS), and the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Factors related to anxiety and depression were screened using through univariate analysis and Spearman correlation analysis, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the anxiety and depression.Results:The detection rate for preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing eye plastic surgery was 16.3% (26/160), and that for depression was 25.0% (40/160). A total of 11.3% (18/160) of patients had both anxiety and depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that positive coping strategies ( OR=0.206, 95% CI: 0.051-0.836), depression ( OR=3.596, 95% CI: 1.068-12.107), and a high Kessler10 scale total score ( OR=1.081, 95% CI: 1.005-1.162) were related to anxiety. A monthly income of 10 000-<20 000 yuan ( OR=0.196, 95% CI: 0.044-0.875), a high total score on the Kessler10 scale ( OR=1.194, 95% CI: 1.085-1.314), and a high total PSSS score ( OR=0.913, 95% CI: 0.870-0.958) were related to depression. Conclusion:Factors affecting anxiety are positive coping strategies, depression, and a high total score on the Kessler 10 scale, while those affecting depression are a monthly income of 10 000-<20 000 yuan, a high total score on the Kessler 10 scale, and a high total score on the PSSS.

Objective To develop a prefilled portable intelligent intravenous transfusion pump to facilitate fast and convenient fluid pumping during emergency treatment and casualty transport.Methods The prefilled portable intelligent venous transfusion pump was composed of a driver module,a pump module,a human-machine interface,a prefilled sterile infusion bag and a pump catheter.The driver module adopted integrated design and applied a high-voltage DC-AC converter to driving the piezoelectric pump used as the power source of the pump module;the human-machine interface consisted of several keys for on/off,rate adjustment,switching and confirmation;the prefilled sterile infusion bag was made of medical-grade polypropylene,and the pump catheter was made of medical silicone rubber.Results The transfusion pump developed could be worn on the casualty limb and did not require height difference for intravenous infusion,which enhanced intravenous drug delivery in portability,reliability and intelligence.Conclusion The transfusion pump developed gains advantages in low size,weight and easy operation,and thus is worthy promoting for venous transfusion in battlefield conditions and field emergency environments.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(5):111-114]

To understand the pathogenicity,virulence genes,drug resistance genes,and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from yaks in some areas of Lhasa and Nagqu City,55 yak nasal swab samples were analyzed for S.aureus in this study.The cocci were isolated and identified,and the carriage of virulence genes and drug resistance genes,as well as the pathogenicity and drug sensitivity of the isolated S.aureus strains,were detected with PCR,artificially infected mice,and the K-B drug susceptibility disk method.Seven strains of S.aureus were isolated from the 55 yak nasal swab samples,with an iso-lation rate of 12.73％.The isolated strains were all pathogenic to mice,with a fatality rate exceeding 60％.These seven strains of S.aureus carried three drug resistance genes(tetM,tet,and mecA)and six virulence genes(seb,sec,clfA,hla,hlb,and nuc).The detection rate of the three drug resistance genes was 100％,whereas the detection rate of the six virulence genes in the isolates ranged from 83.33％to 100％.The resistance rates of the isolated strains to penicillin,ampicillin,and cotrimox-azole reached 85.71％-100％,whereas the resistance rates to tetracycline and ceftazidime were both 28.57％.Thus,yaks in Lhasa and Nagqu cities were found to be infected by S.aureus strains carrying various drug-resistance genes and virulence genes.These strains were highly pathogenic and showed sensi-tivity to most antibacterial drugs.These findings may serve as a reference for treating S.aureus infection in yaks in the cities of Lhasa and Nagqu.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in twin preterm infants with a gestational age of<34 weeks,and to provide a basis for early identification of BPD in twin preterm infants in clinical practice.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the twin preterm infants with a gestational age of<34 weeks who were admitted to 22 hospitals nationwide from January 2018 to December 2020.According to their conditions,they were divided into group A(both twins had BPD),group B(only one twin had BPD),and group C(neither twin had BPD).The risk factors for BPD in twin preterm infants were analyzed.Further analysis was conducted on group B to investigate the postnatal risk factors for BPD within twins.Results A total of 904 pairs of twins with a gestational age of<34 weeks were included in this study.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with group C,birth weight discordance of>25%between the twins was an independent risk factor for BPD in one of the twins(OR=3.370,95%CI:1.500-7.568,P<0.05),and high gestational age at birth was a protective factor against BPD(P<0.05).The conditional logistic regression analysis of group B showed that small-for-gestational-age(SGA)birth was an independent risk factor for BPD in individual twins(OR=5.017,95%CI:1.040-24.190,P<0.05).Conclusions The development of BPD in twin preterm infants is associated with gestational age,birth weight discordance between the twins,and SGA birth.