During the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Korean Cancer Association, articles published in Cancer Research and Treatment from 2004 to 2023 were assessed based on the subject and design of each study. Based on this analysis, trends in domestic cancer research were inferred and directions were suggested for the future development of Cancer Research and Treatment.

During the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Korean Cancer Association, articles published in Cancer Research and Treatment from 2004 to 2023 were assessed based on the subject and design of each study. Based on this analysis, trends in domestic cancer research were inferred and directions were suggested for the future development of Cancer Research and Treatment.

During the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Korean Cancer Association, articles published in Cancer Research and Treatment from 2004 to 2023 were assessed based on the subject and design of each study. Based on this analysis, trends in domestic cancer research were inferred and directions were suggested for the future development of Cancer Research and Treatment.

INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is common in Singapore, with moderate to severe OSA affecting around 30% of residents. These consensus statements aim to provide scientifically grounded recommendations for the management of OSA, standar-dise the management of OSA in Singapore and promote multidisciplinary collaboration. METHOD: An expert panel, which was convened in 2024, identified several areas of OSA management that require guidance. The expert panel reviewed the current literature and developed consensus statements, which were later independently voted on using a 3-point Likert scale (agree, neutral or disagree). Consensus (total ratings of agree and neutral) was set a priori at ≥80% agreement. Any statement not reaching consensus was excluded. RESULTS: The final consensus included 49 statements that provide guidance on the screening, diagnosis and management of adults with OSA. Additionally, 23 statements on the screening, diagnosis and management of paediatric OSA achieved consensus. These 72 consensus statements considered not only the latest clinical evidence but also the benefits and harms, resource implications, feasibility, acceptability and equity impact of the recommendations. CONCLUSION The statements presented in this paper aim to guide clinicians based on the most updated evidence and collective expert opinion from sleep specialists in Singapore. These recommendations should augment clinical judgement rather than replace it. Management decisions should be individualised, taking into account the patient's clinical characteristics, as well as patient and caregiver concerns and preferences.
Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis* ; Singapore ; Consensus ; Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of LINC00641 on the viability and apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells and its mechanism. METHODS: RT-qPCR was applied to detect the relative expression levels of LINC00641, miR-204-5p, and MT1X in human normal bone marrow stromal cell lines HS-5 and AML cell lines, and to screen the optimal cell line THP-1 was screened for subsequent experiments. Bioinformatics, dual luciferase reporter assay, pull down assay, and RIP assay were applied to validate the targeting relationship between LINC00641, MT1X and miR-204-5p. EdU, CCK-8, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay were applied to detect cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, respectively. Western blot was applied to detect the expression of MT1X , CyclinD1, Bcl-2, and Bax proteins. RESULTS: Compared with HS-5 cells, the expression of LINC00641 and MT1X was obviously increased in HL60, THP-1, U937, and KG1 cells, while the expression of miR-204-5p was obviously reduced (all P <0.05). THP-1 cells showed the most obvious changes (P <0.05). Silencing LINC00641 or overexpressing miR-204-5p was able to obviously inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of THP-1 cells, as well as the expression of CyclinD1 and Bcl-2 proteins, while promote cells apoptosis and Bax protein expression (all P <0.05). Bioinformatics analysis, dual luciferase reporter assay, pull down assay, and RIP assay all confirmed that there were targeted relationships between LINC00641, MT1X and miR-204-5p. Inhibiting miR-204-5p or overexpressing MT1X was able to respectively reverse the inhibitory effect of silencing LINC00641 or overexpressing miR-204-5p on THP-1 cells proliferation, migration and invasion, and reduce cells apoptosis. CONCLUSION LINC00641 is highly expressed in AML, and inhibition of LINC00641 expression can inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and increase apoptosis by regulating the miR-204-5p/MT1X axis.
Humans ; Apoptosis ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology* ; MicroRNAs ; Cell Proliferation ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics* ; Cell Movement ; Cell Survival ; Cell Line, Tumor ; HL-60 Cells

In recent years, cardiovascular disease has become a common disease. With the development of machine learning and big data technologies, the processing ability of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals has been greatly enhanced through new computer technologies, enabling the auxiliary diagnosis technology for cardiovascular disease (CVD) to achieve new improvements. This article discusses the application of machine learning in ECG processing, especially in the auxiliary diagnosis of diseases. Firstly, the conventional signal preprocessing methods are introduced, and then the EEG signal processing methods based on feature extraction and fuzzy classification are explored. Secondly, the application of auxiliary diagnosis in CVD is further summarized. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are analyzed, and based on this, a design of an auxiliary diagnostic system compatible with the two methods is proposed, providing a new perspective for similar applied researches in the future.
Machine Learning ; Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Electrocardiography ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; Fuzzy Logic ; Electroencephalography

Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is an inherited disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme arylsulfatase A (ARSA). Lentivirus-modified autologous hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy (HSCGT) has recently been approved for clinical use in pre and early symptomatic children with MLD to increase ARSA activity. Unfortunately, this advanced therapy is not available for most patients with MLD who have progressed to more advanced symptomatic stages at diagnosis. Patients with late-onset juvenile MLD typically present with a slower neurological progression of symptoms and represent a significant burden to the economy and healthcare system, whereas those with early onset infantile MLD die within a few years of symptom onset. We conducted a pilot study to determine the safety and benefit of HSCGT in patients with postsymptomatic juvenile MLD and report preliminary results. The safety profile of HSCGT was favorable in this long-term follow-up over 9 years. The most common adverse events (AEs) within 2 months of HSCGT were related to busulfan conditioning, and all AEs resolved. No HSCGT-related AEs and no evidence of distorted hematopoietic differentiation during long-term follow-up for up to 9.6 years. Importantly, to date, patients have maintained remarkably improved ARSA activity with a stable disease state, including increased Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score and decreased magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesion score. This long-term follow-up pilot study suggests that HSCGT is safe and provides clinical benefit to patients with postsymptomatic juvenile MLD.
Humans ; Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic/genetics* ; Pilot Projects ; Genetic Therapy/methods* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Male ; Follow-Up Studies ; Female ; Lentivirus/genetics* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Cerebroside-Sulfatase/metabolism* ; Adolescent

ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze the association between novel coronavirus (“SARS-CoV-2”) infection and clinical symptoms in inpatients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, so as to provide evidence for improving clinical diagnostic ability. MethodsFrom January 13 to March 2, 2023, respiratory tract specimens of 456 inpatients with SARI were collected from 8 sentinel institutions, SARS-CoV-2 was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Whole genome sequencing and sequence analyses were performed to samples with a cycle threshold (Ct) value of <35. At the same time, demographic information, clinical characteristics and underlying disease condition of the cases were collected, and the association between age, symptoms and nucleic acid positive rates was evaluated by χ² test and Spearman correlation analysis. ResultsA total of 456 cases were included, the median (P₂₅, P₇₅) age was 70 (69, 85) years old, of which 200 cases were novel coronavirus nucleic acid positive for SARS-CoV-2, with a positive rate of 43.86%. The positive rate was the highest in the 80-year-old group (56.82%), and the positive rate increased significantly with age (r=0.15, P=0.002). The proportion of oppression in chest, sore throat and expectoration in novel coronavirus nucleic acid positive cases was significantly higher than that in negative cases (all P<0.05). The 33 viruses sequenced successfully were all Omicron subvariants, with BF.7 (51.52%) and BA.5.2 (42.42%) being the predominant ones. ConclusionA positive correlation was observed between advanced age and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in patients with SARI. The symptoms of expectoration, oppression in chest and sore throat are more common in positive cases, which can be used as a prompt indicator for key screening and clinical identification of elderly SARI cases.

Rare tumors pose significant challenges to clinical research, diagnosis, and therapy due to their low incidence, high molecular heterogeneity, and the lack of preclinical models.Conventional patient-derived cell lines and patient-derived tumor xenografts have significant limitations in recapitulating the characteristics of rare tumors. As an emerging in vitro biological model, organoids preserve the molecular characteristics of original tumors and possess high biological relevance, efficient amplification capabilities, and potential for personalized medicine applications. They have currently been applied in the research of various rare tumors. This review summarizes current research on organoid models of rare tumors derived from different tissue origins, and outlines current challenges and future development directions.

To establish a method for determining 26 inorganic elements in earthworm polypeptide and determine the elemental content in different batches of earthworm polypeptide, microwave digestion method was used to pre-treat the samples, and ICP-MS method was used to determine the content of 26 elements in different batches of earthworm polypeptide. The linear relationships of 26 elements were good in the range of 0-1 000 μg·L^-1, with R² greater than 0.999, precision RSD 0.21%-2.71%, repeatability RSD 0.19%-4.69%, stability RSD 0.11%-4.24%, and recovery rates of 82.41%-116.16%. The data was plotted using Origin 2022 software to characterize the distribution of elements content. SPSS 27.0 was used for principal component analysis, and SIMCA 14.1 software was used for OPLS-DA analysis. The results showed that among the 26 elements, the higher content of earthworm polypeptide was K, Na, and Ca, followed by Zn, Fe, Al, B and other trace elements, In, Sc, Co, Pb, Bi and other elements had little or no detectable content, and there were differences in the content of polypeptide in different batches. This study provides a theoretical basis for the production quality control, quality evaluation and drug efficacy application of earthworm polypeptide through the determination and analysis of the elements and content of earthworm polypeptide.