Objective: Research specifically targeting suicidal ideation (SI) in middle-aged populations remains limited. This study aimed to predict future and concurrent SI in middle-aged Korean adults by applying four machine learning (ML) models to a nationally representative longitudinal dataset. Methods: We analyzed data from 8,992 individuals aged 40–64 years who participated in the Korea Welfare Panel Study from the 7th (2011) to the 18th (2022) waves. Four ML algorithms were employed to develop the predictive models. The SHapley Additive exPlanations method was applied to enhance explainability. Results: Approximately half of the participants’ mean age was 49.3±8.2 years (range, 40–64 years) and 52.2% were male. The average annual SI rate between 2011 and 2022 was 2.8%±1.2%. Predictive performance for future SI was satisfactory, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of up to 0.806 (logistic regression, LR). Predictions for concurrent SI demonstrated AUC values of up to 0.907 (LR). Key predictors of future SI included subjective health status, satisfaction with family and spousal relationships, housing environment, and educational attainment. Concurrent SI was strongly associated with immediate stressors such as family violence and income dissatisfaction. Conclusion The ML models demonstrated good-to-excellent predictive performance for SI. These findings emphasize the importance of health, family, and socioeconomic factors, alongside mental health indicators in the prevention of SI among middle-aged adults. Building on these findings, tailored intervention strategies that comprehensively address multidimensional risk factors are essential for effective SI prevention.

Hangovers from alcohol consumption cause symptoms like headaches, nausea, and fatigue, disrupting daily activities and overall well-being. Over time, they can also lead to inflammation and oxidative stress. Effective hangover relief alleviates symptoms, prevents dehydration, and replenishes energy needed for daily tasks. Natural foods considered high in antioxidants and antiinflammatory properties may aid in the hepatic breakdown of alcohol. The study aims to investigate the impact of glutathione or its enriched yeast extract, which is recognized for its antioxidant characteristics, on alcohol metabolism and alleviating hangovers in a rat model exposed to binge drinking. In this study, glutathione and its enriched yeast extract controlled hangover behaviour patterns, including locomotor activity. Additionally, it enhanced the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) following ethanol ingestion (3 g/kg). Further, the incorporation of glutathione led to an increase in the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD and catalase, by activating the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway.This activation reduced the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde. Next, glutathione modulated the activity of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and the protein expressions of Bax and Bcl2. Besides, in vitro and in vivo investigations with glutathione demonstrated a regulating effect on the pan-s-glutathionylation and its associated protein expression, glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1), glutathione-S-transferase Pi (GST-π), and glutathione reductase (GR). Together, these findings suggest that glutathione or its enriched yeast extract as a beneficial dietary supplement for alleviating hangover symptoms by enhancing alcohol metabolism and its associated Nrf2/Keap1 signalings.

Hangovers from alcohol consumption cause symptoms like headaches, nausea, and fatigue, disrupting daily activities and overall well-being. Over time, they can also lead to inflammation and oxidative stress. Effective hangover relief alleviates symptoms, prevents dehydration, and replenishes energy needed for daily tasks. Natural foods considered high in antioxidants and antiinflammatory properties may aid in the hepatic breakdown of alcohol. The study aims to investigate the impact of glutathione or its enriched yeast extract, which is recognized for its antioxidant characteristics, on alcohol metabolism and alleviating hangovers in a rat model exposed to binge drinking. In this study, glutathione and its enriched yeast extract controlled hangover behaviour patterns, including locomotor activity. Additionally, it enhanced the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) following ethanol ingestion (3 g/kg). Further, the incorporation of glutathione led to an increase in the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD and catalase, by activating the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway.This activation reduced the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde. Next, glutathione modulated the activity of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and the protein expressions of Bax and Bcl2. Besides, in vitro and in vivo investigations with glutathione demonstrated a regulating effect on the pan-s-glutathionylation and its associated protein expression, glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1), glutathione-S-transferase Pi (GST-π), and glutathione reductase (GR). Together, these findings suggest that glutathione or its enriched yeast extract as a beneficial dietary supplement for alleviating hangover symptoms by enhancing alcohol metabolism and its associated Nrf2/Keap1 signalings.

Hangovers from alcohol consumption cause symptoms like headaches, nausea, and fatigue, disrupting daily activities and overall well-being. Over time, they can also lead to inflammation and oxidative stress. Effective hangover relief alleviates symptoms, prevents dehydration, and replenishes energy needed for daily tasks. Natural foods considered high in antioxidants and antiinflammatory properties may aid in the hepatic breakdown of alcohol. The study aims to investigate the impact of glutathione or its enriched yeast extract, which is recognized for its antioxidant characteristics, on alcohol metabolism and alleviating hangovers in a rat model exposed to binge drinking. In this study, glutathione and its enriched yeast extract controlled hangover behaviour patterns, including locomotor activity. Additionally, it enhanced the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) following ethanol ingestion (3 g/kg). Further, the incorporation of glutathione led to an increase in the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD and catalase, by activating the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway.This activation reduced the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde. Next, glutathione modulated the activity of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and the protein expressions of Bax and Bcl2. Besides, in vitro and in vivo investigations with glutathione demonstrated a regulating effect on the pan-s-glutathionylation and its associated protein expression, glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1), glutathione-S-transferase Pi (GST-π), and glutathione reductase (GR). Together, these findings suggest that glutathione or its enriched yeast extract as a beneficial dietary supplement for alleviating hangover symptoms by enhancing alcohol metabolism and its associated Nrf2/Keap1 signalings.

Caudal aberrant turbinate is a relatively common turbinate bone anomaly in brachycephalic breeds with an undetermined etiology. This paper presents a 5-year-old Pug with a history of otitis media and interna, showing left ear discharge and respiratory distress. Radiography and advanced imaging, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), revealed bilateral otitis externa and media, an elongated and thickened soft palate, a narrowed nasopharynx, and caudal extension of bilateral turbinate structures into the nasopharynx. MRI also revealed left otitis interna. Twenty-six days later, the patient developed severe respiratory distress with radiographic signs of an increased caudodorsal lung opacity and gastric dilation, indicative of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema from a chronic airway obstruction. Surgical treatment involved folded flap palatoplasty and left total ear canal ablation. Despite treatment, the dog expired due to the persistent respiratory distress. This case highlights that a caudal aberrant turbinate can contribute to airflow obstruction in brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS), particularly when compounded by other upper airway anomalies. CT imaging is valuable for identifying nasal structural abnormalities, including aberrant turbinates. Accordingly, an awareness of such anatomical variations is critical for the diagnosis and management of brachycephalic breeds presenting BOAS-related symptoms.

A 6-year-old intact male Yorkshire Terrier, weighing 5.8 kg, presented with progressive ataxia of the thoracic and pelvic limbs with a four-month duration. A physical examination revealed proprioceptive ataxia and neck pain, with neurological signs indicating a C1–5 lesion. The radiographs revealed mild narrowing of the disc spaces at C2–3, C4–5, and C5–6, suggesting cervical intervertebral disc disease (IVDD). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed bilateral symmetrical enlargement of the C2 nerve roots, causing spinal cord compression and distortion. The post-contrast T1-weighted images showed pronounced contrast enhancement, suggestive of hypertrophic ganglioneuritis. Mild disc protrusions at C4–5, C5–6, and C6–7 were also observed with minimal spinal compression, suggesting a lesser role in the clinical presentation. Considering the MRI findings, high-dose immunosuppressive prednisolone was administered under the tentative diagnosis of hypertrophic ganglioneuritis, leading to significant improvement in mobility and postural reactions. Follow-up MRI performed three months post-treatment revealed a significant decrease in the hypertrophy of the C2 nerve roots and alleviated spinal cord compression. This case underscores the essential role of MRI in differentiating hypertrophic ganglioneuritis from other spinal cord pathologies such as IVDD or spinal nerve tumors.

Objective: This study evaluated the relationship between IVD degeneration and the vertebral body FSF in dogs and compared these factors between chondrodystrophic (CD) and nonchondrodystrophic (NCD) dogs. Methods: IVD degeneration in dogs was classified morphologically using the Pfirrmann grade, and the vertebral body FSF was evaluated quantitatively. Results: The vertebral body FSF showed a statistically significant difference among the age groups. The vertebral body FSF was significantly higher in Pfirrmann grades 3–5 than in grades 1 and 2. The mean Pfirrmann grade of CD dogs was higher than that of NCD dogs in the four-to-six-year-old group. The mean vertebral body FSF of CD dogs was higher than that of NCD dogs in the group of seven years and above. Conclusions and Relevance: In dogs, the vertebral body FSF increased significantly with age and Pfirrmann grade. The CD dogs showed a higher degree of IVD degeneration at a younger age than the NCD dogs. CD dogs appeared to experience more severe fat deposition of the vertebral body in old age than NCD dogs. MRI examinations are helpful for evaluating IVD degeneration and vertebral body fat deposition.

Subgaleal hematomas are accumulation of blood between periosteum and galea aponeurosis. A 2-year-old male Chihuahua was presented with a severe head swelling after trauma. Radiography and computed tomography (CT) showed a massive swelling encircling the entire calvarial vault, extending toward the cervical neck and crossing the suture line. It was heterogeneously, mild hyperdense fluid to soft tissue attenuating with contrast enhancement on CT images. On day 4, physical and imaging examination showed resolution of the calvarial swelling. Subgaleal hematoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis when there is a massive soft tissue swelling over the skull on physical and imaging examinations.

Objective: This study evaluated the relationship between IVD degeneration and the vertebral body FSF in dogs and compared these factors between chondrodystrophic (CD) and nonchondrodystrophic (NCD) dogs. Methods: IVD degeneration in dogs was classified morphologically using the Pfirrmann grade, and the vertebral body FSF was evaluated quantitatively. Results: The vertebral body FSF showed a statistically significant difference among the age groups. The vertebral body FSF was significantly higher in Pfirrmann grades 3–5 than in grades 1 and 2. The mean Pfirrmann grade of CD dogs was higher than that of NCD dogs in the four-to-six-year-old group. The mean vertebral body FSF of CD dogs was higher than that of NCD dogs in the group of seven years and above. Conclusions and Relevance: In dogs, the vertebral body FSF increased significantly with age and Pfirrmann grade. The CD dogs showed a higher degree of IVD degeneration at a younger age than the NCD dogs. CD dogs appeared to experience more severe fat deposition of the vertebral body in old age than NCD dogs. MRI examinations are helpful for evaluating IVD degeneration and vertebral body fat deposition.

Objective: This study evaluated the relationship between IVD degeneration and the vertebral body FSF in dogs and compared these factors between chondrodystrophic (CD) and nonchondrodystrophic (NCD) dogs. Methods: IVD degeneration in dogs was classified morphologically using the Pfirrmann grade, and the vertebral body FSF was evaluated quantitatively. Results: The vertebral body FSF showed a statistically significant difference among the age groups. The vertebral body FSF was significantly higher in Pfirrmann grades 3–5 than in grades 1 and 2. The mean Pfirrmann grade of CD dogs was higher than that of NCD dogs in the four-to-six-year-old group. The mean vertebral body FSF of CD dogs was higher than that of NCD dogs in the group of seven years and above. Conclusions and Relevance: In dogs, the vertebral body FSF increased significantly with age and Pfirrmann grade. The CD dogs showed a higher degree of IVD degeneration at a younger age than the NCD dogs. CD dogs appeared to experience more severe fat deposition of the vertebral body in old age than NCD dogs. MRI examinations are helpful for evaluating IVD degeneration and vertebral body fat deposition.