Objectives: The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has increased, particularly among individuals who have recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Health literacy is considered a “social vaccine” that helps people respond effectively to the pandemic. We aimed to investigate the association between long COVID-19 and PTSD, and to examine the modifying role of health literacy in this association. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 18 hospitals and health centers in Vietnamfrom December 2021 to October 2022. We recruited 4,463 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 infection for at least 4 weeks. Participants provided information about their sociodemographics, clinical parameters, health-related behaviors, health literacy (usingthe 12-item short-form health literacy scale), long COVID-19 symptoms and PTSD (Impact Event Scale-Revised score of 33 or higher). Logistic regression models were used to examine associations and interactions. Results: Out of the study sample, 55.9% had long COVID-19 symptoms, and 49.6% had PTSD.Individuals with long COVID-19 symptoms had a higher likelihood of PTSD (odds ratio [OR], 1.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63–2.12; p < 0.001). Higher health literacy was associated with a lower likelihood of PTSD (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99; p = 0.001). Compared to those without long COVID-19 symptoms and the lowest health literacy score, those with long COVID-19 symptoms and a 1-point health literacy increment had a 3% lower likelihood of PTSD (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96–0.99; p = 0.001). Conclusion Health literacy was found to be a protective factor against PTSD and modified the negative impact of long COVID-19 symptoms on PTSD.

Several factors presumed to facilitate the transmission of Taenia spp. were reported in Vietnam. We conducted a cross-sectional study taking questionnaires from 1,185 participants, and collecting 1,151 sera and 1,036 stool samples in northern Vietnam. Sera were examined for circulating antigens of Taenia solium cysticerci using ELISA, stools for Taenia eggs by Kato-Katz smear, and copro-antigens by ELISA. Ag-ELISA revealed 4.6% antigen positivity, indicating infection with viable cysticerci. Taenia eggs were detected in 1.5% of participants. Copro-antigens were found in 2.8% of participants. Eating raw meat and/or vegetables was significantly associated with the presence of copro-antigen (OR=8.6, 95% CI: 1.16-63.9, P=0.01). Considering the high taeniasis prevalence and the associated threat, public health attention should be given to treat the tapeworm carriers in the projected areas.

Several factors presumed to facilitate the transmission of Taenia spp. were reported in Vietnam. We conducted a cross-sectional study taking questionnaires from 1,185 participants, and collecting 1,151 sera and 1,036 stool samples in northern Vietnam. Sera were examined for circulating antigens of Taenia solium cysticerci using ELISA, stools for Taenia eggs by Kato-Katz smear, and copro-antigens by ELISA. Ag-ELISA revealed 4.6% antigen positivity, indicating infection with viable cysticerci. Taenia eggs were detected in 1.5% of participants. Copro-antigens were found in 2.8% of participants. Eating raw meat and/or vegetables was significantly associated with the presence of copro-antigen (OR=8.6, 95% CI: 1.16-63.9, P=0.01). Considering the high taeniasis prevalence and the associated threat, public health attention should be given to treat the tapeworm carriers in the projected areas.

Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction is an early and common complications in type 2 diabetes. Objectives: (1) to determine the parameters of cardiovascular autonomic nervous system by assess the variability of heart rate, blood pressure and (2) to describe its relation to duration of disease, body mass index in 91 patients with diabetes type 2. Methods: We assessed cardiovascular autonomic nervous system by Ewing's maneuvers in comparison with normal subjects. Results: heart rate has little change, indicate that activity of parasympathetic nervous system is reduced. An increased position hypotension was found in the patients. Vasocostriction is rudeced. Conclusions: The variability of heart rate and blood pressure in patients with diabetes mellitus were significantly correlated with the duration of disease and did not correlate with the body mass index.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Type 2 ; Body Mass Index ; Cardiology

Study on 124 persons divided into 2 groups: the control group included 40 healthy persons (20 male, 20 female) and the case group included 84 patients with chronic renal failure at different stages. The mean age of 2 groups was similar. The diagnosis of chronic renal failure mostly depended on glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/minute and that lasted ≥6 months. Results: serum iron and ferritin concentrations of male and female in control group weren’t different significantly. 39.3% of patients decreased serum iron concentration, 60.7% of patients decreased serum similar to those of the control group. Compare 2 indexes of serum iron and serum ferritin by test X2 (X2=15.29; p<0.001), results showed that ferritin concentration decreased much more than serum iron. The rate of patients with low ferritin concentration was high (55.95%). Serum iron and ferritin concentrations of patients with chronic renal failure at stage IIIa, IIIb, IV decreased statistically in comparison with control group.
Iron ; Ferritins ; Kidney Failure ; Chronic

The study investigated therapeutic effect in 98 patients with diabetes type 2 (59 males, 39 females, 34 - 80 years old) who have diagnosis in first time or are monitored at the National Institute of Endocrine. Results showed that first test of the patients who have recent diagnosis or following-up examination showed a higher levels of glucose and HbA1C than that in normal people. The average levels of glucose and HbA1C in following visits were reduced but still higher than that in normal people
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Therapeutics

The survey on serum lipid level and atherosclerosis risk on 70 patients with chronic nephritis and nephrotic syndrome (51 male, 19 female, 18-52 years old) showed that average value of cholesterol level, triglycerides, LDL-C and Apo B levels increased, HDL-C, Apo-A1 decreased in comparison with those in normal people. Absolute rate of cases with increased cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-C at high level were 100%, 97% and 62.86%, respectively. Atherosclerosis risks based on blood lipid indicators were rather high, of which 77.14% for CT/HDL-C; 47.14% for LDL-C/HDL-C and 72.86% for Apo-B/Apo-A1
Atherosclerosis ; Risk factors ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Lipids

Study on the changes of blood - lipid ratio in primary nephrotic syndrom under effect of general treatment. Objects included 43 patients (34 men and 9 women) at the age from 18 to 44. The result showed that: In patients with nepherotic sydrome, through treatment increased total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, Apolipoprotein A1 and Apolipoprotein B, descreased HDL cholesterol.After the treatment without use lipid lowering actions of drugs, the result show that reduction of total and LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, Apolipoprotein A1 and Apolipoprotein B, increased of HDL cholesterol.
Nephrotic Syndrome ; Therapeutics ; Lipids ; Blood

The study carried out glucose tolerance test in 43 healthy people with normotensive (control group) and 131 patients with hypertension in various levels and periods (disease group) who have blood fasting glucose less than 7mmol/l. The results showed that: the percentage of patients with diabetes or glucose tolerance impairmentand the mean value of serum glucose in second hour in disease group were higher significantly than that of control group. The rate of glucose tolerance disorder in hypertensive patients was higher by 3.18 times, in which the rate of glucose tolerance impairment was higher by 3.82 times. The rate of diabetes was higher by 2.54 times than control group. Hypertension with overweight had higher risk of reducing glucose tolerance or getting diabetes
Glucose Intolerance ; Hypertension

Study on 98 type 2 diabete patients have been ill first time or being treat periodic. The result: HbA1C was significant higher than normal subjects at all test times. Means HbA1C values gradually decreased at test times of Co, C3, C6, C9, within at C3 and C6, this value is equivalent. This proved that controling plasma glucose of diabetes was improved better. However, this haven’t satisfied yet with treatment goal. The correlation between HbA1C and plasma glucose is closely direct proportion, between HbA1C and plasma insulin is moderately inverse proportion
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated