Objective To investigate the effects of scribble planar cell polarity protein(SCRIB)on proliferation,apoptosis,and autophagy of glioblastoma(GBM)and elucidate its potential underlying mechanisms.Methods The expression level of SCRIB in GBM tissue was queried through the Biomarker Exploration of Solid Tumors(BEST)database.Lentivirus-mediated shRNA interference was employed to downregulate SCRIB expression in human glioblastoma cell lines U87 and U251,which were divided into negative control group(mock)and SCRIB shRNA interference groups(kd1 and kd2).SCRIB expression levels were detected using Western blotting(WB)and quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).EdU incorporation and cell apoptosis rates were detected by flow cytometry(FCM).CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation vitality of U87 and U251 cells,and WB was used to detect the expression of proliferation-related proteins.Immunofluorescence(IF)staining was conducted to detect the expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3 and p62,followed by quantitative analysis across multiple fields.WB was also used to detect the expression levels of LC3,p62,and proteins in the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway.Results Compared with that of normal tissues,SCRIB mRNA expression level was significantly upregulated in GBM tissues(P＜0.05).FCM results showed that EdU incorporation rates were significantly reduced(P＜0.001)while cell apoptosis rates were markedly increased(P＜0.001)in U87 and U251 cells with SCRIB knockdown.CCK-8 results indicated that compared with the mock group,the proliferation vitality of U87 and U251 cells in the SCRIB knockdown group was significantly downregulated(P＜0.001).IF staining showed that LC3 fluorescence aggregation was significantly enhanced(P＜0.001),while p62 fluorescence aggregation was significantly reduced(P＜0.001)in the SCRIB knockdown group.WB results showed that compared with the mock group,the protein expression levels of p27,LC3,p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 were upregulated,while C-Myc,Cyclin D1,MCM,PCNA and p62 were downregulated,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Conclusion Downregulation of SCRIB may induce autophagy and apoptosis in glioblastoma cells by inhibiting the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway,thereby suppressing cell proliferation.

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Objective:To investigate the predictive value of a machine learning model combining contrast-enhanced ultrasound（CEUS）parameters，radiomics features of ultrasound images，and clinical data for pathological grading in bladder urothelial carcinoma（BUC）.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 174 BUC patients from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People 's Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from December 2017 to March 2024. One hundred and thirteen BUC patients from the former hospital were randomly divided into training group and internal test group in a ratio of 7 to 3，while 61 BUC patients from the latter hospital served as an external test group. The patients were stratified into low-grade bladder urothelial carcinoma（LGBUC）and high-grade bladder urothelial carcinoma（HGBUC）groups based on pathology. Two-dimensional grayscale ultrasound images were subjected to super-resolution（SR）reconstruction，followed by extraction and screening of radiomics features in comparison with CEUS video sequences. Selected features were input into a support vector machine（SVM）to build the radiomics model. CEUS parameters，conventional ultrasound metrics and clinical data with statistical significance between LGBUC and HGBUC groups were input into SVM to construct the clinical model. The radiomics and clinical model outputs were fused via multivariate Logistic regression to form a combined model. Model performances were evaluated using ROC curves，calibration curves，and clinical decision curves. Results:Seven radiomics features from SR images were used to build the radiomics model，while CEUS parameters（peak intensity and time-to-peak half），age，tumor-wall interface and tumor-wall angle formed the clinical model. The combined model integrated these outputs. All 3 models exhibited respective strengths，the combined model showed superior robustness. The AUCs of the combined model in the training，internal test and external test groups were 0.92，0.84 and 0.82，respectively.Conclusions:The combined model combining CEUS parameters，ultrasound radiomics features，and clinical data accurately predicts BUC pathological grade，providing a potential tool for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To investigate the effects of scribble planar cell polarity protein(SCRIB)on proliferation,apoptosis,and autophagy of glioblastoma(GBM)and elucidate its potential underlying mechanisms.Methods The expression level of SCRIB in GBM tissue was queried through the Biomarker Exploration of Solid Tumors(BEST)database.Lentivirus-mediated shRNA interference was employed to downregulate SCRIB expression in human glioblastoma cell lines U87 and U251,which were divided into negative control group(mock)and SCRIB shRNA interference groups(kd1 and kd2).SCRIB expression levels were detected using Western blotting(WB)and quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).EdU incorporation and cell apoptosis rates were detected by flow cytometry(FCM).CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation vitality of U87 and U251 cells,and WB was used to detect the expression of proliferation-related proteins.Immunofluorescence(IF)staining was conducted to detect the expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3 and p62,followed by quantitative analysis across multiple fields.WB was also used to detect the expression levels of LC3,p62,and proteins in the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway.Results Compared with that of normal tissues,SCRIB mRNA expression level was significantly upregulated in GBM tissues(P＜0.05).FCM results showed that EdU incorporation rates were significantly reduced(P＜0.001)while cell apoptosis rates were markedly increased(P＜0.001)in U87 and U251 cells with SCRIB knockdown.CCK-8 results indicated that compared with the mock group,the proliferation vitality of U87 and U251 cells in the SCRIB knockdown group was significantly downregulated(P＜0.001).IF staining showed that LC3 fluorescence aggregation was significantly enhanced(P＜0.001),while p62 fluorescence aggregation was significantly reduced(P＜0.001)in the SCRIB knockdown group.WB results showed that compared with the mock group,the protein expression levels of p27,LC3,p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 were upregulated,while C-Myc,Cyclin D1,MCM,PCNA and p62 were downregulated,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Conclusion Downregulation of SCRIB may induce autophagy and apoptosis in glioblastoma cells by inhibiting the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway,thereby suppressing cell proliferation.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of a machine learning model combining contrast-enhanced ultrasound（CEUS）parameters，radiomics features of ultrasound images，and clinical data for pathological grading in bladder urothelial carcinoma（BUC）.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 174 BUC patients from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People 's Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from December 2017 to March 2024. One hundred and thirteen BUC patients from the former hospital were randomly divided into training group and internal test group in a ratio of 7 to 3，while 61 BUC patients from the latter hospital served as an external test group. The patients were stratified into low-grade bladder urothelial carcinoma（LGBUC）and high-grade bladder urothelial carcinoma（HGBUC）groups based on pathology. Two-dimensional grayscale ultrasound images were subjected to super-resolution（SR）reconstruction，followed by extraction and screening of radiomics features in comparison with CEUS video sequences. Selected features were input into a support vector machine（SVM）to build the radiomics model. CEUS parameters，conventional ultrasound metrics and clinical data with statistical significance between LGBUC and HGBUC groups were input into SVM to construct the clinical model. The radiomics and clinical model outputs were fused via multivariate Logistic regression to form a combined model. Model performances were evaluated using ROC curves，calibration curves，and clinical decision curves. Results:Seven radiomics features from SR images were used to build the radiomics model，while CEUS parameters（peak intensity and time-to-peak half），age，tumor-wall interface and tumor-wall angle formed the clinical model. The combined model integrated these outputs. All 3 models exhibited respective strengths，the combined model showed superior robustness. The AUCs of the combined model in the training，internal test and external test groups were 0.92，0.84 and 0.82，respectively.Conclusions:The combined model combining CEUS parameters，ultrasound radiomics features，and clinical data accurately predicts BUC pathological grade，providing a potential tool for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To investigate the value of the combined ultrasound imaging radiomics model for predicting progression-free survival in endocrine therapy for prostate cancer.Methods:A total of 283 prostate cancer patients who received endocrine treatment at the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People′s Hospital and the First Hospital of Hohhot from July 2018 to January 2023 were retrospectively collected, of which 198 patients from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People′s Hospital were randomly divided into the training set and the validation set according to the ratio of 7∶3, and 85 patients from the First Hospital of Hohhot served as an independent external test set. They were classified into a progression group and a non-progression group based on whether the patients progressed to desmoplasia-resistant prostate cancer 18 months after the start of endocrine treatment.Based on the two-dimensional ultrasound images, the imaging radiomics features were extracted and the imaging radiomics score (Rad-score) were constructed, the immunopathology and other clinical data were analysed, and three prediction models were constructed using logistic regression: the clinical model, the ultrasonography model, and the ultrasonography-clinical combined model, respectively. The predictive efficacy and clinical utility of the models were assessed by the ROC curves and clinical decision curves.Results:Five ultrasonographic features were included in the ultrasound model; the prostate-specific antigen nadir, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio before treatment, and the expression level of tumour proliferating cell nuclear antigen 67 (Ki-67) were incorporated into the clinical model; and the Rad score computed from the output of the ultrasound model for the screening features, together with the prostate-specific antigen nadir (PSA nadir), the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) before treatment, and the expression level of Ki-67 were used to construct the ultrasound-clinical joint model. The joint model achieved the highest predictive performance in both the training and validation sets of the three groups of models, with the area under the curve of 0.85 and 0.84, and the clinical decision curve showed good clinical benefit.Conclusions:The combined ultrasound-clinical model constructed in this study based on two-dimensional ultrasound images of prostate cancer before endocrine therapy can predict progression-free survival of endocrine therapy for prostate cancer more accurately.

Breast cancer has overtaken lung cancer as the most common malignancy in women. Although the early diagnostic rate has continuously improved, recurrence and metastasis remain a problem to be solved. Therefore, scientists should search for effective prognostic markers for breast cancer patients and adopt individualized programs for different patients. Studies have shown that cancer prognosis, to a certain extent, is related to the nutrition inflammation index. Preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and controlled nutritional status (CONUT) are indicators that comprehensively reflect the nutritional level and inflammatory state of patients, respectively. Different from other cancers, the incidence of breast cancer is related to nutritional status, and an extremely high or low score is not conducive to the prognosis of breast cancer patients. This paper reviews the research progress of PNI and CONUT in breast cancer.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of free superficial circumflex iliac artery flap combined with anterolateral thigh flap in repairing large skin defect of the hand.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 9 patients with large skin defect of the hand admitted to Ningbo No.6 Hospital from January 2016 to December 2019，including 7 males and 2 females，aged 31-63 years［（45.3±5.6）years］. The area of skin defect reanged from 20 cm×15 cm to 25 cm×20 cm. One side of the superficial circumflex iliac artery flap and the contralateral anterolateral thigh flap were used for repair. Both recipient and donor sites were sutured at the first stage. The ilioinguinal region and thigh donor region were sutured directly. The area of superficial circumflex iliac artery flap was from 19 cm×6 cm to 23 cm ×10 cm and that of anterolateral thigh flap was 19 cm×9 cm to 23 cm×8 cm. The flap survival，healing of donor and recipient area and complications were observed. At 1，6 and 12 months after operation，the function of the flap was evaluated by the late functional evaluation criteria of the flap，hand function by the upper limb functional evaluation criteria of the Chinese Medical Association，and scar condition of the donor site by Vancouver Scar Scale（VVS）. At the last follow-up，the color，elasticity，appearance and scar of the donor site were observed.Results:All patients were followed up for 6-18 months［（12.5±2.3）months］. All flaps survived successfully. All patients achieved donor-site healing at the first stage，except that one patient experienced incision dehiscence in the thigh donor site after operation and healed after the second stage suture. The texture and appearance of the flaps were good. The flap in 5 patients was obviously bloated. Therefore，the secondary skin flap repair was selected，and the appearance was significantly improved after operation. Scores for function of the flap and the hand were improved over time（ P<0.05）. At 12 months after operation，the function of the flap was excellent in 3 patients，good in 4 and fair in 2，with the excellent and good rate of 78%；the result of hand function was excellent in 3 patients，good in 3 and fair in 3，with the excellent and good rate of 67%. The VVS score of the donor site decreased from（9.7±1.3）points at postoperative 1 month to（5.7±0.9）points at postoperative 6 months and（3.4±0.8）points at postoperative 12 months（ P<0.05）. At the latest follow-up，the color and elasticity of the flap was similar to that of the surrounding skin tissue，only with slight bloating；the scar of the donor site was small. Conclusions:The free superficial circumflex iliac artery flap combined with anterolateral thigh flap can cover large skin defect of the hand at one time，with good appearance and texture of the flap. The appearance and function of the wounded hand are good after operation，leaving only linear scar in the donor site.

Objective:To investigate the clinical application and effect of end-to-side anastomosis in personalised free ilioinguinal flap transfer.Methods:From March, 2015 to July, 2020, 88 patients with soft tissue (bone) defect of limbs were treated. Different ilioinguinal flaps were designed according to the wound condition of patients, which were 48 cases of free superficial circumflex iliacartery perforator flap, 7 cases of free superficial epigastric artery perforator flap, 19 cases of composite tissue flap with iliac bone, 8 cases of combined flap of superficial circumflex iliac artery and superficial abdominal wall artery, and 6 cases of superficial circumflex iliac artery and superficial abdominal wall artery lobulated flap. The area of the flap was 4.0 cm×6.0 cm-10.0 cm×30.0 cm. The artery and recipient artery were anastomosed end-to-side: 36 cases to radial artery; 12 cases to ulnar artery; 18 cases to dorsalis pedis artery; 15 cases to anterior tibial artery; 7 cases to posterior tibial artery. Venous anastomosis of skin flap: 42 cases were anastomosed with 2 veins, which were superficial vein of the same name and accompanying vein; 46 cases were anastomosed with 1 superficial vein of the same name. The accompanying vein of the flap was anastomosed end-to-side with the accompanying vein of the main artery of the recipient area, and the superficial vein of the same name was anastomosed end-to-end with the accompanying vein or subcutaneous superficial vein of the recipient artery. Follow-up includes flap blood supply, blood supply to the distal limbs, appearance of both the donor site and the recipient area, and patient satisfaction.Results:There were 83 cases of flaps survived successfully, and 5 cases of crisis. Among them, 2 cases had artery crisis at 48 h after surgery. After exploration, it was found that 1 case caused by arterial thrombosis, and 1 case compressed by the stapler that anastomoses the vein. The other 3 cases had venous crisis at 72 h after surgery: after exploration, it was found that caused by thrombosis at the venous anastomotic site. The average follow-up period was 10 (range, 3-24) months. All flaps survived after re anastomosis or vascular transposition. The donor site and recipient site of the flap healed well. The blood supply of the flap was good and the texture was soft. There was no blood supply disorder in the distal limb.Conclusion:The end-to-side anastomosis technique is suitable for all kinds of free flap transplantation in ilioinguinal region, with high vascular patency rate. It can not only solve the problem of thin vascular pedicle of donor site flap, but also retain the main artery of recipient limb without affecting the distal blood supply.