Objective: To investigate the distribution characteristics of ABO and Rh blood group antigen phenotypes among blood donors in the Yantai, Shandong. Methods: Blood samples from 310 180 voluntary blood donors in Yantai collected from January 2019 to December 2023 were tested for ABO and Rh blood group antigens using standard serological methods. RhD-negative samples were further typed for C, c, E, and e antigens. Population genetic analysis of blood groups was performed: allele frequencies were inferred from ABO phenotypes, and Rh allele/haplotype frequencies were estimated based on the proportion of RhD-negative donors and CcEe antigen typing, followed by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium testing. Results: The phenotypic distribution frequency of ABO blood groups was B(32.72%)>O(28.93%)>A(27.65%)>AB(10.70%). The inferred allele frequencies were r(53.74%)>q(24.78%)>p(21.48%), consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). A total of 1 872 Rh-negative donors (0.603%) were identified. The most common Rh phenotypes were ccdee (59.56%) and Ccdee (30.18%). The distribution of Rh antigen phenotypes deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ =37.15, P<0.001), with the cde haplotype showing the highest frequency. There was no statistically significant difference in ABO blood group distribution between RhD-positive and RhD-negative donors (P>0.05). Conclusion: The ABO blood group distribution among voluntary blood donors in Yantai is generally stable and consistent with population genetic equilibrium, whereas the Rh antigen phenotype distribution deviates from equilibrium, indicating potential underlying genetic structural differences.

The injury of vascular endothelial cells is not only the initial condition to promote the occurrence of early atherosclerosis （AS） plaques， but also an important link in the pathogenesis of AS. The microRNA （miRNA）， as an important medium of intercellular communication and gene regulatory factor， can affect vascular endothelial function and participate in the development of AS. The molecular mechanism of miRNA’s multi-target intervention in vascular endothelial cell injury has become a hot topic in the research of cardiovascular diseases. Monomers of traditional Chinese medicines such as ginsenoside Rb2 and paeonol， as well as traditional Chinese medicine for resolving phlegm and removing blood stasis could regulate miRNA to improve endothelial cell inflammation； astragaloside Ⅳ， dihydromyricetin and notoginsenoside could target miRNA and inhibit vascular endothelial oxidative stress； Danhong injection， Jianpi qutan and huayu prescription and paeonol could affect endothelial autophagy through miRNA； resveratrol， Bushen huoxue formula and Bushen tongmai formula could inhibit vascular endothelial aging by miRNA； dendrobine played an active role in regulating miRNA and improving endoplasmic reticulum stress. In the future， more in- depth research is needed on the effectiveness， mechanism of action， diagnosis and treatment plans， and safety of targeted regulation of miRNA for AS therapy by traditional Chinese medicine.

【Objective】 To analyze the preliminary screening and follow-up testing data of HBV in Yantai area, and discuss the rationality of following up and re-entry program of HBV reactive blood donors. 【Methods】 Donors who were single reagent reactive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in initial screening but non-reactive by nucleic acid testing (NAT) were followed up. Individual NAT(ID-NAT) was performed for HBV DNA, ELISA for HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAb, HBeAg and HBcAb, and ECLIA for the detection of HBsAg. 【Results】 A total of 547 blood donors were HBsAg ELISA-/NAT+, and 97 were followed up, among which 24 met the requirements of re-entry while 73 did not. Of the 24 blood donors who met the re-entry requirements, 13 donated blood again, with test results all qualified. 【Conclusion】 The combination of ELISA, ID-NAT, and ECLIA methods for following up detection for HBsAg ELISA+ blood donors is recommended. Blood donors with HbsAb S/CO ≥ 10 and negative results for other tests met the re-entry requirements, with a re-entry rate at 24.74%, and the re-donation qualified rate of blood donors after re-entry was 100%.

Objective The volatile oil was further purified to get the patchouli alcohol by molecular distillation taking patchouli oil which contained 23.97% of patchouli alcohol as raw material.Methods The best process parameters,including temperature,feed rate,and scraping rate,of molecular distillation technique for separating patchouli oil were studied by orthogonal test.The content was detected by GC under the conditions of elastic quartz capillary column HP-5,detector temperature 280 ℃,gasification temperature 280 ℃,distributary refer 20∶1.The effects of evaporation temperature on content and extraction rate of the patchouli oil had been investigated and the difference between the molecular and vapor distillations was studied.Results Content and extraction rate of patchouli alcohol under the best evaporation temperature 65 ℃ by molecular distillation reached to 40.71% and 76.55%,respectively.Conclusion The molecular distillation technique that could get the product with higher purity and extracting rate than that by vapor distillation in patchouli oil purification has a very good prospect in industry.