The liver performs multiple life-sustaining functions. Hepatic diseases, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatoma, pose significant health and economic burdens globally. Along with the advances in nanotechnology, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) exhibiting diversiform size and shape, distinct morphological properties, and favorable physico-chemical features have become an ideal choice for drug delivery systems and inspire alternative thinking for the management of hepatic diseases. Initially, we introduce the physiological structure of the liver and highlight its intrinsic cell types and correlative functions. Next, we detail the synthesis methods and physicochemical properties of MSNs and their capacity for controlled drug loading and release. Particularly, we discuss the interactions between liver and MSNs with respect to the passive targeting mechanisms of MSNs within the liver by adjusting their particle size, pore diameter, surface charge, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, and surface functionalization. Subsequently, we emphasize the role of MSNs in regulating liver pathophysiology, exploring their value in addressing liver pathological states, such as tumors and inflammation, combined with multi-functional designs and intelligent modes to enhance drug targeting and minimize side effects. Lastly, we put forward the problems, challenges, opportunities, as well as clinical translational issues faced by MSNs in the management of liver diseases.

[Objective]To summarize Professor HUANG Ting's clinical experience in treating Yang-deficiency cancer-related insomnia,focusing on"Yang not entering Yin."[Methods]The clinical apprenticeship,case review and literature review of ancient texts were conducted to analyze Professor HUANG's clinical experience in treating this condition from aspects of etiology,pathogenesis,treatment principles and prescriptions,supplemented by case studies as evidence.[Results]Professor HUANG considers tumors to be Yin pathogenic factors that easily consume Yang Qi,hence cancer-related insomnia in clinical practice is often diagnosed as Yang-deficiency insomnia.He emphasizes the importance of organs differentiation,particularly focusing on spleen and stomach Yang deficiency and heart Yang deficiency as the entry points and summarizes and proposes the general treatment principles of"promoting Yang to facilitate Yin entry"and"warming Yang to nourish the spirit"with Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,Guizhi Gancao Longgu Muli Decoction and Ganmai Dazao Decoction as the main formulas,adjusted according to the symptoms.The article presents two cases:one diagnosed with spleen deficiency and dampness excess,treated by warming the middle and eliminating dampness;the other with heart Yang deficiency,treated by warming Yang and calming the spirit,both showing significant therapeutic effects.[Conclusion]Professor HUANG's approach to treating cancer-related insomnia from the perspective of Yang deficiency,with careful differentiation of organs and consideration of both root and branch symptoms,has achieved remarkable results and is worth learning and applying in clinical practice.

[Objective]To summarize Professor HUANG Ting's clinical experience in treating Yang-deficiency cancer-related insomnia,focusing on"Yang not entering Yin."[Methods]The clinical apprenticeship,case review and literature review of ancient texts were conducted to analyze Professor HUANG's clinical experience in treating this condition from aspects of etiology,pathogenesis,treatment principles and prescriptions,supplemented by case studies as evidence.[Results]Professor HUANG considers tumors to be Yin pathogenic factors that easily consume Yang Qi,hence cancer-related insomnia in clinical practice is often diagnosed as Yang-deficiency insomnia.He emphasizes the importance of organs differentiation,particularly focusing on spleen and stomach Yang deficiency and heart Yang deficiency as the entry points and summarizes and proposes the general treatment principles of"promoting Yang to facilitate Yin entry"and"warming Yang to nourish the spirit"with Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,Guizhi Gancao Longgu Muli Decoction and Ganmai Dazao Decoction as the main formulas,adjusted according to the symptoms.The article presents two cases:one diagnosed with spleen deficiency and dampness excess,treated by warming the middle and eliminating dampness;the other with heart Yang deficiency,treated by warming Yang and calming the spirit,both showing significant therapeutic effects.[Conclusion]Professor HUANG's approach to treating cancer-related insomnia from the perspective of Yang deficiency,with careful differentiation of organs and consideration of both root and branch symptoms,has achieved remarkable results and is worth learning and applying in clinical practice.

MiRNAs can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. The abnormal expression of miRNAs leads to tumor malignant phenotypes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, through which it is involved in the process of tumor initiation, progression and transcriptional regulation network. Therefore, it is important to clarify the mechanism of miRNA involved in the process of tumor initiation and progression. MiRNA regulation mechanism in tumor initiation and progression includes one-to-many and many-to-one regulation between TF-to-miRNA and miRNA-to-target gene, which increases the complexity of miRNA regulation, thus affecting the biological behavior of the tumor, The expression and activity of Drosha and Dicer in the process of miRNA affect the synthesis of mature miRNA and involve in the process of tumor initiation and progression;ceRNA may bind with miRNA by competing with miRNA targeting genes and affect biological function of miRNA as miRNA inhibitor. Therefore the abnormal expression and structure of ceRNA is an important molecular mechanism of tumor initiation and progression. This complicated regulation network comprised by multi-dimensional regulation model and specific regulation of tumor initiation and progression provides impetus to exploring the functional restoration of miRNA as a novel target for cancer diagnosis and therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To localize and define the region of nucleus export signal (NES) on BRD7, and determine the role of this region in nucleus export of the external protein. METHODS: Based on an in vitro expressed model of green fluorescence protein (GFP), we performed DNA walking analysis to set BRD7 into several sections according to the structural characteristics of BRD7, investigated the effect of different sections of BRD7 on nucleus export of GFP, defined the region of nucleus export signal sequence of BRD7, and further ascertained the content of amino acids in BRD7 and potential localization of BRD7 NES by bioinformatics. RESULTS: B7C1 fragments ranged from aa219 to aa450 in BRD7 were found to target the external protein GFP into the cytoplasm detected by GFP direct fluorescence, which could be inhibited by NES inhibitor Leptomycin B (LMB). This region was rich in hydrophobic amino acid residues but no typical NES with characteristics of leucine-rich sequence by bioinformatics. CONCLUSION The region from aa219 to aa450 is primarily defined as an atypical NES in BRD7.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; COS Cells ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cytoplasm ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Export Signals ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism