Objective:To investigate the circumstances of tobacco dependence diagnosis among smoking patients in 5 tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang Province and to assess the diagnostic awareness of the disease among specialists.Methods:A cross-sectional study was used to retrospectively collect data on outpatients and inpatients in a total of five tertiary hospitals, namely, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, the Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, the Fourth Hospital Affiliated to the Medical College of Zhejiang University, the Zhejiang Provincial Tongde Hospital, and the Lishui People′s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022. Diagnoses were obtained through an outpatient or inpatient electronic medical record system, diagnostic data on tobacco dependence were analyzed, and a web-based questionnaire was further used to investigate the diagnostic awareness of physicians of various specialties in 1 of the hospitals.Results:A total of 340 tobacco dependence diagnoses were queried, including 5 inpatient diagnoses and 335 outpatient diagnoses. A total of 278 cases of tobacco dependence diagnosis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine.Of the 273 cases in the hospital′s internal medicine clinic, 268 (98.2%) were in respiratory medicine and 5 (1.8%) in cardiology; 234 (87.3%) were diagnosed by physicians trained in smoking cessation. Of the 170 clinicians surveyed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 7 were smokers, with a smoking rate of 4.1%. Regarding clinicians′ knowledge of tobacco dependence, 40 (23.5%) said"I know a lot about it", 96 (56.5%) said "I′ve heard of it but don′t know much about it", and 34 (20.0%) said "I have not heard of it". Of the 170 clinicians, 132 (77.6%) always or frequently asked patients about their smoking status, and 38 (22.4%) rarely or never asked. 145 (85.3%) clinicians always or frequently advised patients to quit smoking when they knew they smoked and 25 (14.7%) rarely or never advised.Conclusions:The diagnosis rate of tobacco dependence remains low in some comprehensive tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang, and clinicians in these tertiary hospitals in the region are not sufficiently aware of tobacco dependence and its diagnosis.

Objective:To investigate the circumstances of tobacco dependence diagnosis among smoking patients in 5 tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang Province and to assess the diagnostic awareness of the disease among specialists.Methods:A cross-sectional study was used to retrospectively collect data on outpatients and inpatients in a total of five tertiary hospitals, namely, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, the Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, the Fourth Hospital Affiliated to the Medical College of Zhejiang University, the Zhejiang Provincial Tongde Hospital, and the Lishui People′s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022. Diagnoses were obtained through an outpatient or inpatient electronic medical record system, diagnostic data on tobacco dependence were analyzed, and a web-based questionnaire was further used to investigate the diagnostic awareness of physicians of various specialties in 1 of the hospitals.Results:A total of 340 tobacco dependence diagnoses were queried, including 5 inpatient diagnoses and 335 outpatient diagnoses. A total of 278 cases of tobacco dependence diagnosis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine.Of the 273 cases in the hospital′s internal medicine clinic, 268 (98.2%) were in respiratory medicine and 5 (1.8%) in cardiology; 234 (87.3%) were diagnosed by physicians trained in smoking cessation. Of the 170 clinicians surveyed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 7 were smokers, with a smoking rate of 4.1%. Regarding clinicians′ knowledge of tobacco dependence, 40 (23.5%) said"I know a lot about it", 96 (56.5%) said "I′ve heard of it but don′t know much about it", and 34 (20.0%) said "I have not heard of it". Of the 170 clinicians, 132 (77.6%) always or frequently asked patients about their smoking status, and 38 (22.4%) rarely or never asked. 145 (85.3%) clinicians always or frequently advised patients to quit smoking when they knew they smoked and 25 (14.7%) rarely or never advised.Conclusions:The diagnosis rate of tobacco dependence remains low in some comprehensive tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang, and clinicians in these tertiary hospitals in the region are not sufficiently aware of tobacco dependence and its diagnosis.

Excellent lead compounds have a profound influence on drug development and can improve the success rate of product launch. It is expensive and time-consuming to discover lead compounds by traditional methods, yet artificial intelligence (AI) can discover good lead compounds efficiently.This article systematically summarizes the research progress of obtaining lead compounds through the screening and generation models of AI, classifies different models according to the type of information input, focuses on drug repurposing by screening model and multi-objective drug design by generation model, and discusses the development prospect of AI in the research field of lead compounds, aiming to provide new research ideas for the application of AI in lead compounds.

Aim To establish a reliable method for the culture of mouse smooth muscle progenitor cells and in-vestigate their migration ability .Methods Mesenchy-mal stem cells from compact bones were obtained from C57 BL/6 mice and stimulated with PDGF-BB to in-duce these cells to differentiate into smooth muscle pro-genitor cells. Morphological analysis , immunocyto-chemical and flow cytometric analysis were used to i-dentify the cell type and the migration ability was in-vestigated by the transwell system and flow cytometry . Result After PDGF-BB stimulation for 7 days, the cells showed spindle shape and started to express α-SMA as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry .After 21 days induction , Flow cytometric analysis revealed that over 70%of the cells expressed both CD 34 andα-SMA and 58.5%of the cells expressed SM-MHC.Mi-gration assay showed that the smooth muscle progenitor cells from culture could migrate in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions The culture of smooth muscle progenitor cells from compact bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells is easily operated with high yield rate and shorten culture period . Obtained smooth muscle progenitor cells from culture could migrate in vivo and in vitro, which is suitable for the mechanism studies .

Objective To establish a model of asthma mice with spleen-deficiency syndrome (asthma-SDS) and to investigate the effects of Cryptoporus volvatus ferment substance (CVFS) on the airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in model mice. Methods An asthma-SDS model of mice was established by ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized plus over-eating and over-exerting. The changes of lung resistance (R_L), inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung tissue pathology, and spleen index were observed. Results Compared with the simple asthma model of mice, the airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophils number in the BALF, lung tissue pathology, and spleen index in the asthma-SDS model of mice showed a significant difference (P

Ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesion in rats (EGMLR) was taken toeyaluate the effect of Dan Shen extract F (DSE-F) which was injected intravenously ata speed of 0.1 ml/200 g/min. The results were as follows: after five minutes injection,the concentration of Evan's blue, the area of being colored by monostral's blue in gastricmucosa and the extent of gastric mucosa lesion in DSE-F group were significantly (P

Models of gastric mucosal lesion were produced by hemorrhagic shock/reperfusion. The results showed that there was significant hemorrhagic lesion in gastricmucosa after the reperfusion; When Dan Shen extract F (DSE-F) was injected intraven-eously, the index of gastric mucosal lesion and intracellular calcium ion content declinedmerkedly (p

The effect of a histamine H_2 receptor blocker-famotidine on the changes of blood volume and oxygen saturation in the gastric mucosa of rats under hemorragic stress was studied with reflectance spectrophotometry. The effects of famotidine on the volume of gastric juice and gastric acid excreted and also stress uIceration were studied at the same time. Before hemorrhage, famotidine (3mg. kg~(-1), 8mg.kg~(-1iv)) did not alter the blood volume and oxygen saturation in the gastric mucosa. Under hemorrhagic state, famotidine could prevent the decrease of blood volume and oxygen saturation in the gastric mucosa and decreased the volume of gastric juice and gastric acid secretions, and could also protect the rats from formation of stress ulcer.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Tetramethylpyrazin (TMP) on blood volume (△Er) and Hb oxygen sufficiency(F) of gastric mueosal su. perficial microcirculation in rat by reflectance spectrophotometry, on the formation of stress ulcer and on gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) by H_2 gas clearance. The results showed that TMP had no visible effect on △Er and F of normal anethetized rat. In hemorrhagic shock rat, F of gastric mucosa was increased from 13?10 to 22?5 (P