Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with blast-induced hearing loss（BIHL）. Methods:The clinical features, laboratory parameters, audiometric profiles, and treatment efficacy of patients with blast induced hearing loss and those with idiopathic sudden hearing loss（ISHL） were analyzed using t-tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and chi-square tests, with a significance level set at P<0.05. Results:A total of 59 patients in the BIHL group and 117 patients in the ISHL group were included in this study. The mean age of the BIHL group was（39.07±14.49） years, comprising 45 males and 14 females. After the blast, 21 patients went to the hospital within the initial 14-day period, and an additional 38 patients seeking admission thereafter. In the BIHL group, 33 patients had unilateral hearing loss with PTA of （50.30±28.85） dB HL, while 26 had bilateral hearing loss with a PTA of（44.54±26.22） dB HL. In comparison, among the ISHL group, 112 patients had unilateral hearing loss with a PTA of（56.28±14.19） dB HL, and 5 had bilateral involvement with a PTA of（56.25±35.14） dB HL. The effective treatment rate within 14 days for the BIHL group was 31.8%, while for the ISHL group, the effective rate within 14 days was 77.0%. Conclusion:Blast-induced hearing loss is caused by exposure to high-intensity noise. The overall treatment effectiveness during hospitalization is lower compared to idiopathic sudden hearing loss, and the treatment window is shorter. Therefore, greater emphasis should be placed on prevention.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; Blast Injuries/therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; Hearing Loss, Sudden/etiology* ; Adolescent ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/diagnosis*

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics, audiological outcomes, and factors influencing the efficacy of pharmacological treatment in patients with sudden hearing loss associated with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome（LVAS）. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 77 bilateral LVAS patients（117 ears） hospitalized for sudden hearing loss from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2023. The inclusion criteria required that patients to be diagnosed according to the Valvassori standard and had received standardized pharmacological treatment. Clinical features, audiological outcomes, and treatment efficacy were analyzed. Statistical methods were employed to identify factors associated with treatment outcomes. Results:The age of the enrolled patients ranged from 4 to 37 years. The age of onset for the initial hearing fluctuation varied between 0 and 24 years, with a mean age of 5.8 years. The male-to-female ratio was approximately balanced（37 males and 40 females）. The proportion of unilateral to bilateral sudden hearing loss was 1.0︰1.2, with unilateral right ear hearing loss being more frequently occurring（64.9%）. Triggering Factors: Triggers included no identifiable factors in 48.1% of cases, a history of head trauma（24.7%）, upper respiratory tract infections（11.7%）, onset following physical fatigue（11.7%）, and less frequently, noise exposure, alcohol consumption, or emotional stress（each 1.3%）. Clinical Symptoms: Hearing loss was the sole symptom in 35.1% of cases. Concurrent symptoms included vertigo in 44.2% and tinnitus in 46.8%. Patients with a disease duration of ≤14 days demonstrated a treatment efficacy rate of 75.0%. Among those who responded to treatment, 93.0% had profound or greater hearing loss prior to therapy, with an average improvement in hearing thresholds of 32 dB HL. In pretreatment, 68.9% of patients exhibited low-frequency air-bone gaps, increasing to 76.1% post-treatment. Additionally, 17.6% of treated ears demonstrated a ≥15 dB HL improvement in low-frequency bone conduction thresholds. In the non-responsive group, 7.3% of ears still showed some improvement in bone conduction thresholds. Statistically significant differences（P<0.05） were observed between the treatment-effective and non-effective groups concerning the age of initial hearing fluctuation, disease duration, and severity of hearing loss at onset. Conclusion:The efficacy of pharmacological treatment for sudden hearing loss in LVAS patients is influenced by the age at onset, duration of the disease, and severity of hearing impairment. Early diagnosis and timely intervention significantly enhance treatment efficacy, particularly in patients with a disease duration of ≤14 days and an initial sudden hearing loss. Patients with severe hearing loss, especially those with profound or greater impairment, exhibit greater sensitivity to treatment. Pharmacological interventions positively impact both air conduction and bone conduction thresholds, with the observed improvement in bone conduction thresholds warranting further investigation.
Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Hearing Loss, Sudden/etiology* ; Female ; Vestibular Aqueduct/pathology* ; Adult ; Child ; Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Young Adult ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVES: Diabetes mellitus is closely associated with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), but no definitive evidence has established a causal relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and SSNHL. This study aims to investigate the impact of T1DM on SSNHL from a genetic perspective, providing insights for risk prediction and treatment strategies. METHODS: Genetic data related to exposure (T1DM) and outcome (SSNHL) were obtained from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Instrumental variables were selected, and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to explore the causal association between T1DM and SSNHL. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis was used as the primary method, with random-effects IVW serving as the main analytical approach. MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode analyses were utilized as supplementary methods. Cochran's Q test was applied to evaluate the heterogeneity of the selected instrumental variables, MR-PRESSO was applied to detect outliers, MR-Egger regression was used to assess horizontal pleiotropy and leave-one-out analysis was conducted to examine the robustness of individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the overall results. RESULTS: A total of 127 SNPs were selected as instrumental variables for the MR analysis. IVW analysis demonstrated a genetically determined association between T1DM and SSNHL (OR=1.036, 95% CI 1.002 to 1.071, P=0.038). Forest plots and scatter plots indicated a causal relationship, suggesting that T1DM increases the risk of SSNHL. Cochran's Q test demonstrated no significant heterogeneity among SNPs (MR-Egger: Q=126.030, P=0.356; IVW: Q=126.450, P=0.373). The funnel plot appeared symmetrical, indicating that the selected instrumental variables were primarily related to exposure rather than potential confounding factors. The MR-Egger intercept was not significantly different from zero (P=0.527), indicating no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy among the SNPs. MR-PRESSO analysis did not identify any outlier SNPs (P=0.356). Leave-one-out analysis confirmed the robustness of the findings, as the results remained stable after removing individual SNPs. CONCLUSIONS Two-sample MR analysis supports the conclusion that T1DM patients have an increased risk of developing SSNHL.
Humans ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics* ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Hearing Loss, Sudden/etiology* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease

To study the pathogenesis of hearing loss in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). To report one case with CML whose first sign was sudden unilateral hearing loss. Sudden hearing loss in CML was presented with dramatic high white blood cell count in peripheral blood. Some cases of sudden hearing loss in CML may be improved or even cured by leukapheresis and intrathecal chemotherapy. The proposed pathogenesis for deafness in leukemia is due to hyperleukocytosis, hyperviscosity syndrome, leukemic infiltration and the inner ear hemorrhage. In treatment, clinicians should quickly reduce the number of white blood cells to lighten the tumor burden. Intrathecal injection of MTX and plasmapheresis is commonly used.
Ear, Inner ; pathology ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; etiology ; Hearing Loss, Unilateral ; etiology ; Hemorrhage ; pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; complications ; Leukocyte Count

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of meteorological factors on the onset of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Meteorological data from 2005 to 2011 were obtained from the web-based "Monthly Weather Reports of the Meteorological Administration" database. Patients with ISSHL who visited our hospital during this same period and presented the precise day on which hearing loss developed were included in this retrospective study. Twelve meteorological factors were analyzed between the days when ISSHL onset was observed as well as the days when ISSHL did not occur. The weather conditions occurring 1-7 days before ISSHL onset were also analyzed to assess any possible delayed effects of meteorological factors on the onset of ISSHL. RESULTS: During the study period, 607 patients were included for the study. Although mean and maximal wind velocities were higher for the days when ISSHL occurred than the days without ISSHL onset, after adjusting the value for multiple comparisons, we cannot find any significant relationship between any of meteorological factors and the onset of ISSHL. However, in analysis of time lag effect of the weather conditions, we found that there was still a significant difference in maximum wind speed on 5 days before ISSHL onset even after applying Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSION: The result of this study suggests that stronger wind speed may be related to the occurrence of ISSHL.
Adult ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis/*etiology ; Hearing Loss, Sudden/diagnosis/*etiology ; Humans ; Male ; *Meteorological Concepts ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; *Wind

OBJECTIVE: To explore the found ways and first diagnosis age of children with large vestibular aqueduct, and their relations with hearing loss. METHOD: Medical histories of 122 cases of children diagnosed with large vestibular aqueduct by HRCT or MRI had been collected from January 2009 to April 2014 in our hospital children's hearing diagnosis center clinic. Found ways comprise of accepting universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) group and unaccepting UNHS group. Accepting UNHS children were divided into two ears unpassing group, single ear unpassing group and passing group. The patients in unaccepting UNHS group were divided into not sensitive to sounds, speech stunting, sudden hearing loss, and other group. Analysis the relationship between the found ways and first diagnosis age and their relations with hearing loss. RESULT: There are 84 cases (68.85%) accepting UNHS, the average age of first diagnosis was (17.24 ± 17.08) months; 37 cases (31.15%) are not accepting UNHS. The average age of first diagnosis was (30.92 ± 18.21) months. The average first diagnosis age of accepting UNHS group was more earlier than the unaccepting UNHS group. The difference was statistically signif- icant (P < 0.01). There were 57 cases (67.85%) whose two ears not pass UNHS; 15 cases (17.86%) single ear not pass; namely the referral rate was 85.71%; 12 cases (14.29%) pass the test. The first diagnosis age of passing UNHS group was more later than two ears unpassing group (P < 0.001). In the unaccepting UNHS group, the average first diagnosis age of not sensitive to sounds group (19.69 ± 11.16 months) was more earlier than words dysplasia group (37.13 ± 15.62 months) and sudden hearing loss group (47.40 ± 24.70 months) (P < 0.01). The difference in the degree of hearing loss between accepting UNHS and unaccepting UNHS group had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). In unaccepting UNHS group ,the average first diagnosis age of the mild-to-moderate hearing loss group was later than the very severe hearing loss group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Most of large vestibular aqueduct children can be found and receive diagnosis early by UNHS. But part of these patients with late-onset or progressive hearing loss, especially these with mild-to-moderate hearing loss cannot be found early, which should arouse our attention.
Child, Preschool ; Deafness ; Early Diagnosis ; Hearing Loss ; etiology ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Neonatal Screening ; Vestibular Aqueduct ; abnormalities

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical features and therapeutic effects of sudden deafness after radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. METHOD: Clinical data of 42 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients suffered from sudden deafness after radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy were analyzed retrospectively. Among the 42 patients, 2 showed moderate deafness, 4 presented excessive deafness, 30 suffered from severe deafness, and 6 exhibited profound deafness. The audiogram pattern of 33 patients met with the type of high tone frequencies hearing loss, and that of the rest 9 cases showed hearing loss at all frequencies. All patients received medical therapy combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy. RESULT: Of all the cases with hearing loss, 2 were cured, 2 showed excellent recovery, 9 came out partial recovery, and 29 showed no response to the treatment. The total effective rate was 30.95%. For the accompanied symptoms, none of the 30 cases of tinnitus were relieved, 3 out of 10 cases of aural fullness were cured, and the 5 cases of dizziness or vertigo were all improved. CONCLUSION The sudden deafness after radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is closely related to radiotherapy. The hearing loss is serious, and the therapeutic effects are not satisfactory.
Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; Carcinoma ; Dizziness ; etiology ; therapy ; Hearing Loss, High-Frequency ; etiology ; therapy ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; etiology ; therapy ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Radiotherapy ; adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Tinnitus ; etiology ; therapy ; Vertigo ; etiology ; therapy

OBJECTIVE: To provide the theory basis for clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of sudden deafness patients, we detected the relative factors of degree of tinnitus of the patients with sudden deafness. METHOD: Prospective analysis was used to compare degree of tinnitus with sex, ears, age, degree of hearing lose, hearing curve type and curative effect of tinnitus and sudden deafness. RESULT: Tinnitus was detected in 87.2% in the 70 patients who with sudden deafness, and the most and least degree of tinnitus patients was the degree 3 (32.9%) and the degree 5 and 6 (0). The total effective rate of sudden deafness and tinnitus was 66.2% and 74.3%, respectively. The statistical analysis shown the degree of tinnitus was not related to sex, ears, age, degree of hearing lose, auditory curve type and curative effect of tinnitus and sudden deafness (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION There was a high rate of tinnitus occurrence in sudden deafness patients, and the moderate degree predominated. The curative effect of tinnitus was better than sudden deafness. There was no relationship between the degree of tinnitus and sex, ears, age, degree of hearing lose, auditory curve type and curative effect of tinnitus and sudden deafness.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Tinnitus ; etiology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of the benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) secondary to the sudden deafness (SD) and to explore pathogenetic mechanism. METHOD: One hundred and seventy-eight cases of the SD in our department were retrospectively analyzed. They were all treated under the guidance of clinical guidelines. RESULT: (1) In all these patient's with SD, there were 31 cases with BPPV secondary to the SD. There were 26 cases of BPPV of posterior semicircular canal and 5 cases of BPPV of lateral BPPV semicircular canal. All patients with BPPV were diagnosed as the same ears as the SD, including 16 cases on left sides and 15 on right sides. (2) The interval between the onset of SD and BPPV was less than one week in 27 cases, between one week and one month in 3 cases, and between one and three months in 1 case. (3) All patients with BPPV secondary to the SD were cured with Epley maneuver or Barbecue roll maneuver. CONCLUSION The occurrence of BPPV may follow SD, and the major of BPPV secondary to the SD occurs in the posterior semicircular canal. The canalith repositioning is an effective therapy to the secondary BPPV.
Adult ; Aged ; Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Vertigo ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Young Adult

UNLABELLED: The patient was hospitalized for sudden hearing impairment for one day. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: the blood pressure was 150/90 mm Hg, the tympanic membranes in both ears were complete and otopiesis. Audiogram showed total deafness in the right ear and slight sensorineural deafness at speech frequency and 80 db for high tone air conduction and 70 db for bone conduction at high frequency in left ear. Tympanogram showed "A" type in both ears and the ipsilateral and contralateral acoustic reflex in both ears were not induced. BAEP showed that the V wave threshold on the right was not induced and it was 50 dbnHL on the left. CT showed a limited low density area in the clivus. MRI showed a space-occupying lesion behind the basilar clivus and ahead of brain stem. Pathological examination showed CK(+), EMA(+), S-100(+) according to immunohistochemistry, which was in accordance with chondroid chordoma. DIAGNOSIS chondroid chordoma of clivus.
Chordoma ; complications ; diagnosis ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Skull Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis