Objective:To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss（SSHL） accompanying diabetes mellitus, to explore whether diabetes affects the treatment outcomes during hospitalization, and to identify the factors influencing the efficacy of SSHL patients with diabetes. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 939 patients with SSHL. The baseline characteristics, and onset conditions of the diabetes group（79 cases） and the non-diabetes group（860 cases） were compared. Propensity score matching（PSM） was applied in a 1︰ 2 ratio to match initial hearing levels with baseline characteristics such as age, sex, and BMI, resulting in 73 diabetes cases and 144 non-diabetes cases for treatment efficacy comparison. For the analysis of prognostic factors, a logistic regression model was established based on the treatment outcomes of 217 patients with SSHL. Results:The proportion of SSHL patients accompanying diabetes was 8.40%（79/939）. Compared to non-diabetic patients, those with diabetes were older（median age of 53 years in the diabetes group and 39 years in the non-diabetes group） and had a higher proportion of hypertension（43.04% vs 12.67%）, with significant difference observed（P<0.05）. After PSM, the treatment efficacy during hospitalization was better in the diabetes group than in the non-diabetes group（58.90% vs 47.92%）, although the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. The prognosis of patients with SSNHL accompanied by diabetes was analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression model that included age, HDL-C, and INR as variables; however, no statistically significant differences were found（P>0.05）. Conclusion:Patients with SSHL accompanying diabetes are generally older with a higher incidence of hypertension. The presence of diabetes does not affect the treatment outcomes during hospitalization.
Humans ; Propensity Score ; Retrospective Studies ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/therapy* ; Hearing Loss, Sudden/therapy* ; Middle Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Male ; Female ; Prognosis ; Adult ; Logistic Models ; Diabetes Complications ; Aged ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To analyze the incidence and impact on the auditory prognosis of vertigo/dizziness in sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients with moderately severe hearing loss and above. Methods:Clinical data of patients with unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss hospitalized from January 2008 to December 2022, aged 18-60 years, PTA≥50 dB HL, and within 14 days of onset were selected. Based on the clinical records of sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients, we determined whether they were accompanied by vertigo/dizziness. The degree of hearing loss is referenced to the 2021 WHO grading criteria and divided into the moderately severe, severe, profound, and total deafness groups. The SPSS 22.0 software was applied to analyze the difference in the auditory prognosis between sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients with moderately severe hearing loss and above who have dizziness/vertigo and those who do not. Results:A total of 697 patients with moderately severe hearing loss and above were collected, including 382 males and 315 females, with an average age of（40.8±11.0） years. The proportions of sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients with dizziness/vertigo among those with moderately severe to total deafness hearing loss were 18.4%, 35.7%, 47.9%, and 76.4% respectively. Compared to the moderately severe, severe, profound, and total deafness groups, the difference was statistically significant（P<0.001）. The complete recovery rates of sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients with moderately severe to total deafness hearing loss were 28.2%, 25.2%, 18.2%, and 1.9% respectively, and the total effective rates were 72.8%, 83.5%, 86.7%, and 78.0% respectively. There were statistically significant differences in complete recovery rate（P<0.001）, significant efficiency rate（P<0.001）, effective rate（P=0.026）, and no recovery rate（P=0.022） among the moderately severe, severe, profound, and total deafness groups. The differences in complete recovery between sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients with and without vertigo/dizziness were statistically significant in the moderately severe, severe, profound, and total deafness groups（P<0.05）, while the total effective rates were only statistically significant in the profound group compared to those without vertigo/dizziness（P<0.05）. After inpatient treatment, sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients with dizziness/vertigo had statistically significant final hearing thresholds at 4 000 and 8 000 Hz for moderately severe hearing loss patients, 2 000-8 000 Hz for severe hearing loss patients, 500-8 000 Hz for profound hearing loss patients, and 2 000-8 000 Hz for total deafness patients compared to those without dizziness/vertigo（P<0.05）. Conclusion:The higher the degree of hearing loss in patients with moderately severe hearing loss and above, the higher the proportion of accompanied vertigo/dizziness. Patients with vertigo/dizziness have poorer recovery of high-frequency hearing, and the complete recovery rate is significantly lower than the patients without vertigo/dizziness.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden/complications* ; Adult ; Dizziness/complications* ; Prognosis ; Middle Aged ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/complications* ; Vertigo/complications* ; Young Adult ; Adolescent

Objective:To evaluate the perioperative safety and long-term complications of simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantation（BCI） in young infants, providing reference data for clinical BCI in young children. Methods:Seventy-four infants aged 6-23 months with congenital severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss who were candidates for cochlear implantation at the Department of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital between August 2018 and August 2019 were consecutively enrolled. Parents made the decision to implant either unilaterally or bilaterally. Participants were divided into unilateral cochlear implantation（UCI） group（before and after 12 months of age） and simultaneous BCI group（before and after 12 months of age）. Safety indicators, including perioperative risk variables, complications, and other postoperative adverse events were monitored, with complications followed up for 5-6 years. Comparisons were made between the BCI and UCI, as well as between implantation before and after 12 months of age regarding perioperative safety and long-term complications. Results:A total of 40 BCI patients（23 before 12 months, 17 after 12 months） and 34 UCI patients（20 before 12 months, 14 after 12 months） were included in the study. Regarding perioperative risk variables, the BCI group showed significantly longer anesthesia duration, operative time, and greater blood loss compared to the UCI group, though less than twice that of the UCI group; no anesthetic complications occurred in either group; and there was no significant difference in postoperative hospital stay between the groups. Regarding surgical complications during the 5-year follow-up period, the BCI group experienced 7 complications（2 major, 5 minor）, while the UCI group had 7 complications（1 major, 6 minor）, with no statistical differences between groups. Regarding other postoperative adverse events, the BCI group demonstrated significantly higher total adverse event rates than the UCI group（80.0% vs 38.2%）, with higher rates of moderate to severe anemia（60.0% vs 20.6%） and lower mean hemoglobin levels[（92.35±12.14） g/L vs（102.39±13.09） g/L]. No significant differences were found in postoperative fever rates（50.0% vs 52.9%） or C-reactive protein levels between groups. Within the BCI group, patients implanted before 12 months indicated notably higher rates of total adverse events（91.3% vs 64.7%）, high fever（26.1% vs 0）, and moderate to severe anemia（78.3% vs 35.3%） compared to those implanted after 12 months. Conclusion:Simultaneous BCI in young children under 2 years of age demonstrates controllable overall risks. Compared to UCI, while it shows no increase in anesthetic or surgical complications, it presents higher perioperative risks and adverse event rates, especially in patients implanted before 12 months of age, warranting special attention from medical staff.
Humans ; Cochlear Implantation/methods* ; Infant ; Postoperative Complications ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/surgery* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Male ; Perioperative Period ; Female ; Cochlear Implants

Hyperlipidemia is characterized by elevated levels of blood lipids. The clinical manifestations are mainly atherosclerosis caused by the deposition of lipids in the vascular endothelium. The link between abnormal lipid metabolism and sudden hearing loss remains unclear. This article presents a case study of sudden hearing loss accompanied by familial hyperlipidemia. Pure tone audiometry indicated intermediate frequency hearing loss in one ear. Laboratory tests showed abnormal lipid metabolism, and genetic examination identified a heterozygous mutation in theAPOA5 gene. Diagnosis: Sudden hearing loss; hypercholesterolemia. The patient responded well to pharmacological treatment. This paper aims to analyze and discuss thepotential connection between abnormal lipid metabolism and sudden hearing loss.
Humans ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Deafness/complications* ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis* ; Hearing Loss, Sudden/diagnosis* ; Hyperlipidemias/complications* ; Lipids

Objective: To explore the value of electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) monitoring combined with brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) and compound action potential (CAP) monitoring during vestibular schwannoma resection for the protection of the cochlear nerve. Methods: Clinical data from 12 patients with vestibular schwannomas who had useful hearing prior to surgery were analyzed at the PLA General Hospital from January to December 2021. Among them, there were 7 males and 5 females, ranging in age from 25 to 59 years. Before surgery, patients underwent audiology assessments (including pure tone audiometry, speech recognition rate, etc.), facial nerve function evaluation, and cranial MRI. They then underwent vestibular schwannoma resection via the retrosigmoid approach. EABR, BAEP, and CAP were simultaneously monitored during surgery, and patients' hearing preservation was observed and analyzed after surgery. Results: Prior to surgery, the average PTA threshold of the 12 patients ranged from11 to 49 dBHL, with a SDS of 80% to 100%. Six patients had grade A hearing, and six patients had grade B hearing. All 12 patients had House-Brackman grade I facial nerve function prior to surgery. The MRI indicated tumor diameters between 1.1 and 2.4 cm. Complete removal was achieved in 10/12 patients, while near-total removal was achieved in 2/12 patients. There were no serious complications at the one-month follow-up after surgery. At the three-month follow-up, all 12 patients had House-Brackman grade I or II facial nerve function. Under EABR with CAP and BAEP monitoring, successful preservation of the cochlear nerve was achieved in six of ten patients (2 with grade B hearing, 3 with grade C hearing, and 1 with grade D hearing). Successful preservation of the cochlear nerve was not achieved in another four patients (all with grade D hearing). In two patients, EABR monitoring was unsuccessful due to interference signals; however, Grade C or higher hearing was successfully preserved under BAEP and CAP monitoring. Conclusion: The application of EABR monitoring combined with BAEP and CAP monitoring during vestibular schwannoma resection can help improve postoperative preservation of the cochlear nerve and hearing.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Neuroma, Acoustic/complications* ; Hearing/physiology* ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/physiology* ; Cochlear Nerve ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control*

The incidence of blast injury has increased recently. As the ear is the organ most sensitive to blast overpressure, the most frequent injuries seen after blast exposure are those affecting the ear. Blast overpressure affecting the ear results in sensorineural hearing loss, which is untreatable and often associated with a decline in the quality of life. Here, we review recent cases of blast-induced hearing dysfunction. The tympanic membrane is particularly sensitive to blast pressure waves, since such waves exert forces mainly at air-tissue interfaces within the body. However, treatment of tympanic membrane perforation caused by blast exposure is more difficult than that caused by other etiologies. Sensorineural hearing dysfunction after blast exposure is caused mainly by stereociliary bundle disruption on the outer hair cells. Also, a reduction in the numbers of synaptic ribbons in the inner hair cells and spiral ganglion cells is associated with hidden hearing loss, which is strongly associated with tinnitus or hyperacusis.
Blast Injuries/complications* ; Ear/injuries* ; Hearing Loss, Conductive/etiology* ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology* ; Humans ; Tympanic Membrane Perforation/complications*

Low frequency sensorineural deafness is a common subtype of idiopathic sudden deafness. Certain patients suffered recurrent attacks without vertigo, much alike Meniere's disease. Few of them developed into definite Meniere's disease during long-term follow-up in many clinical studies. Although the pathophysiology of recurrent low frequency deafness is yet unknown, the desease is considered associated with early state of endolymphatic hydrops or migraine. Otologists shall be aware of its clinical course and careful explanation is necessary at time of initial informed consent.
Endolymphatic Hydrops ; complications ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; complications ; diagnosis ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; Humans ; Meniere Disease ; complications ; Vertigo

To explore the audiological features in children who were sever sensorineural hearing loss infected with rubella virus. There were two cases of rubella virus infection in children who were deaf, they conducted the distortion product otoacoustic emission, ABR and auditory steady-state evoked response (ASSR) examination, then analyzed the results comprehensively. Two patients' mothers were prompted to have infected rubella virus during the early three months pregnant period by history and laboratory tests. The two patients were not detected deafness gene mutation. Audiology results implied the two patients were very severe binaural sensorineural deafness, so they were recommended to equipped with hearing aids and cochlear implant surgery. Early pregnancy women infected with rubella virus can cause very severe offspring sensorineural deafness. The crowd whose mother were suspected to infect with rubella virus in early pregnancy, that should be tracked and detected hearing in order to achieve early detection, early intervention and early treatment.
Child ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; Female ; Hearing Aids ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; etiology ; virology ; Humans ; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous ; Pregnancy ; Rubella ; complications ; Rubella virus ; pathogenicity

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of intratympanic dexamethasone injection for the moderate and severe sudden deafness with BPPV. METHOD: A total of 63 patients diagnosed with sudden sensorineural hearing loss with BPPV were treated through OPD. Patients were divided into three groups: 20 cases in intratympanic dexamethasone injection as initial treatment (group A); 18 cases in systemic hormone therapy group (group B); 25 cases in intratympanic dexamethasone injection as salvage treatment (group C). In addition, routine drugs were used to all patients. RESULT: The overall effective rate of group A, B and C in hearing recovery was 60.0%, 38.9% and 48.0%, respectively: (1) No significant difference of hearing recovery was observed among three groups (P > 0.05); (2) A significant difference of hearing recovery was evidenced between group A and C (P < 0.05); (3) A significant difference of hearing recovery was evidenced between group A and C (P < 0.05); (4) No statistically significant difference was found in the hearing recovery between group B and C (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our data showed that intratympanic dexamethasone should be used as initial therapy for treating the moderate and severe sudden deafness with BPPV.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; complications ; Dexamethasone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; complications ; drug therapy ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; complications ; drug therapy ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Injection, Intratympanic ; Salvage Therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effective treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss and factors affecting its prognosis. METHOD: The clinical data and follow-up results of 164 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss were analyzed retrospectively. All the 164 patients were given intravenous vasodilator, neurotrophic drugs treatment, oral prednisone treatment, and intratympanic dexamethasone injection. All patients were divided into low frequency hearing loss type,intermediate frequency hearing loss, high frequency hearing loss, all frequency hearing loss and total deafness group. Pure tone hearing threshold test were performed before and 3 months after treatment. All patients and different groups were compared before and after treatment damage frequency of average air conduction and various frequency air conduction hearing. Analysis of gender, age, process and hearing curve type, frequency hearing of impaired before treatment, the symptoms with or without vertigo. RESULT: All the patients' hearing improved after treatment. The treatment efficiency was 46.3%, and low frequency hearing improvements were better than the high frequency hearing. Including age, process, frequency hearing of impaired before treatment, with or without vertigo isindependent factors influencing its prognosis. CONCLUSION Based on the regular treatment,oral and intratympanic injection glucocorticoid therapy are safe and effective for sudden hearing loss,The prognosis and age, course, impaired hearing before curve type, treatment frequency hearing level is closely related, with or without vertigo.
Administration, Oral ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Deafness ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Dexamethasone ; therapeutic use ; Hearing Loss, High-Frequency ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Tympanic Membrane ; Vasodilator Agents ; Vertigo ; complications