ObjectiveTo investigate the role of mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC and pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT in the ferroptosis phenotype of ovarian cancer （OC） cells and the regulatory mechanism of gypenoside L （Gyp-L） on mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC and pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT in OC cells. MethodsThe proliferation of human ovarian adenocarcinoma OVCAR3 cells was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay， and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration （IC₅₀） values of cisplatin （DDP）， Gyp-L， and DDP in the presence of Gyp-L were calculated to determine the intervention concentration for subsequent experiments. Cell cloning assay and scratch assay reflected the proliferation and migration ability of OVCAR3 cells. PANDORA-seq small RNA sequencing was used to detect the differentially expressed transfer RNA-derived small RNAs （tsRNAs） in the cells after Gyp-L intervention， and the corresponding target genes of the tsRNAs were found by the RNAhybrid software. Malondialdehyde （MDA）， glutathione （GSH）， and lipid peroxide （LPO） levels were measured by colorimetry or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） method， Fe²⁺ content by FerroOrange fluorescent probe， and reactive oxygen species （ROS） content by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe to reflect the occurrence of ferroptosis in OVCAR3 cells. OVCAR3 cells were divided into a control group， a 50 µmol·L^-1 Gyp-L group， and a 100 µmol·L^-1 Gyp-L group. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） was performed to detect the expression of mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC， mature-tRNA-Leu-CAA， mature-mt_tRNA-Tyr-GTA_5_end， mature-tRNA-Val-CAC， mature-mt_tRNA-Glu-TTC， pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT， mature-tRNA-Asn-GTT， hydroxymethylbilane synthase （HMBS）， Wnt， β-catenin， glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4）， Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 （KEAP1）， nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， activating transcription factor 3 （ATF3）， cystine/glutamate antiporter xCT， lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 （LPCAT3）， and arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase （ALOX15）. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of HMBS， Wnt， β-catenin， GPX4， KEAP1， Nrf2， ATF3， xCT， LPCAT3， and ALOX15 proteins. ResultsThe 50 µmol·L^-1 Gyp-L， 100 µmol·L^-1 Gyp-L， DDP， 50 µmol·L^-1 Gyp-L+DDP， and 100 µmol·L^-1 Gyp-L+DDP groups showed significantly inhibited proliferation and migration of OVCAR3 cells （P<0.05） and exacerbated cell ferroptosis as reflected by the increase in the content of ROS， MDA， LPO， and Fe²⁺， as well as a decrease in the content of GSH （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， Gyp-L effectively interfered with the expression of 25 tsRNAs in OVCAR3 cells （P<0.05， |log₂Fc|>1）. Pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT/HMBS/Wnt/β-catenin/GPX4， pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT/KEAP1/NRF2/xCT， mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC/ATF3/KEAP1/NRF2/xCT， and mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC/LPCAT3/ALOX15 axial expression was significantly aberrant after Gyp-L intervention （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT/HMBS/Wnt/β-catenin/GPX4， pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT/KEAP1/Nrf2/xCT， mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC/ATF3/KEAP1/Nrf2/xCT， and mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC/LPCAT3/ALOX15 signaling pathways are involved in OC development. Gyp-L inhibits OC development by activating OVCAR3 cell ferroptosis onset mainly through the mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC/ATF3/KEAP1/Nrf2/xCT and mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC/LPCAT3/ALOX15 signaling axes.

ObjectiveTo unveil the mechanism of Jianpi Huogu prescription （JPHGP） in ameliorating the dyslipidemia of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femur head （SONFH） by oxylipidomics combined with transcriptomics. MethodsSixty SD rats were assigned into normal， model， low-， medium-， and high-dose （2.5， 5， 10 g·kg^-1， respectively） JPHGP， and Jiangushengwan （1.53 g·kg^-1） groups. Lipopolysaccharide was injected into the tail vein at a dose of 20 μg·kg^-1 on days 1 and 2， and methylprednisolone sodium succinate was injected at a dose of 40 mg·kg^-1 into the buttock muscle on days 3 to 5. The normal group received an equal volume of normal saline. Drug administration by gavage began 4 weeks after the last injection， and samples were taken after administration for 8 weeks. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was conducted to reveal the histopathological changes of the femoral head， and the number of adipocytes， the rate of empty bone lacunae， and the trabecular area were calculated. Micro-computed tomography was used for revealing the histological and histomorphometrical changes of the femoral head. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the serum levels of triglyceride （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， low-density lipoprotein （LDL）， high-density lipoprotein （HDL）， apolipoprotein A1 （ApoA1）， and apolipoprotein B （ApoB）. At the same time， the femoral head was collected for oxylipidomic and transcriptomic detection. The differential metabolites and differential genes were enriched and analyzed， and the target genes regulating lipid metabolism were predicted. The predicted target proteins were further verified by molecular docking， immunohistochemistry， and Western blot. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the model group showcased thinning of the femoral head， trabecular fracture， karyopyknosis， subchondral cystic degeneration， increases in the number of adipocytes and the rate of empty bone lacunae （P<0.01）， a reduction in the trabecular area （P<0.01）， decreases in BMD， Tb.Th， Tb.N， and BV/TV， and increases in Tb.Sp and BS/BV （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the JPHGP groups showed no obvious thinning of the femoral head or subchondroidal cystic degeneration. The high- and medium-dose JPHGP groups presented declines in the number of adipocytes and the rate of empty bone lacunae， an increase in the trabecular area （P<0.05， P<0.01）， rises in BMD， Tb.Th， Tb.N， and BV/TV， and decreases in Tb.Sp and BS/BV （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the normal group， the model group showcased raised serum levels of TG， TC， LDL， and ApoB and lowered serum levels of HDL and ApoA1 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the JPHGP groups had lowered serum levels of TG， TC， LDL， and ApoB （P<0.05， P<0.01） and a risen serum level of ApoA1 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Moreover， the serum level of HDL in the high-dose JPHGP group increased （P<0.01）. A total of 19 different metabolites of disease set and drug set were screened out by oxylipidomics of the femoral head， and 119 core genes with restored expression were detected by transcriptomics. The enriched pathways were mainly concentrated in inflammation， lipids， apoptosis， and osteoclast differentiation. Molecular docking， immunohistochemistry， and Western blot results showed that compared with the normal group， the model group displayed increased content of 5-lipoxygenase （5-LO） and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ （PPARγ） in the femoral head （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， medium- and high-dose JPHGP reduced the content of 5-LO and PPARγ （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionJPHGP can restore the levels of oxidized lipid metabolites by regulating the 5-LO-PPARγ axis to treat SONFH in rats. Relevant studies provide experimental evidence for the efficacy mechanism of JPHGP in the treatment of SONFH.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC and pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT in the ferroptosis phenotype of ovarian cancer （OC） cells and the regulatory mechanism of gypenoside L （Gyp-L） on mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC and pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT in OC cells. MethodsThe proliferation of human ovarian adenocarcinoma OVCAR3 cells was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay， and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration （IC₅₀） values of cisplatin （DDP）， Gyp-L， and DDP in the presence of Gyp-L were calculated to determine the intervention concentration for subsequent experiments. Cell cloning assay and scratch assay reflected the proliferation and migration ability of OVCAR3 cells. PANDORA-seq small RNA sequencing was used to detect the differentially expressed transfer RNA-derived small RNAs （tsRNAs） in the cells after Gyp-L intervention， and the corresponding target genes of the tsRNAs were found by the RNAhybrid software. Malondialdehyde （MDA）， glutathione （GSH）， and lipid peroxide （LPO） levels were measured by colorimetry or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） method， Fe²⁺ content by FerroOrange fluorescent probe， and reactive oxygen species （ROS） content by DCFH-DA fluorescent probe to reflect the occurrence of ferroptosis in OVCAR3 cells. OVCAR3 cells were divided into a control group， a 50 µmol·L^-1 Gyp-L group， and a 100 µmol·L^-1 Gyp-L group. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） was performed to detect the expression of mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC， mature-tRNA-Leu-CAA， mature-mt_tRNA-Tyr-GTA_5_end， mature-tRNA-Val-CAC， mature-mt_tRNA-Glu-TTC， pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT， mature-tRNA-Asn-GTT， hydroxymethylbilane synthase （HMBS）， Wnt， β-catenin， glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4）， Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 （KEAP1）， nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， activating transcription factor 3 （ATF3）， cystine/glutamate antiporter xCT， lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 （LPCAT3）， and arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase （ALOX15）. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of HMBS， Wnt， β-catenin， GPX4， KEAP1， Nrf2， ATF3， xCT， LPCAT3， and ALOX15 proteins. ResultsThe 50 µmol·L^-1 Gyp-L， 100 µmol·L^-1 Gyp-L， DDP， 50 µmol·L^-1 Gyp-L+DDP， and 100 µmol·L^-1 Gyp-L+DDP groups showed significantly inhibited proliferation and migration of OVCAR3 cells （P<0.05） and exacerbated cell ferroptosis as reflected by the increase in the content of ROS， MDA， LPO， and Fe²⁺， as well as a decrease in the content of GSH （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， Gyp-L effectively interfered with the expression of 25 tsRNAs in OVCAR3 cells （P<0.05， |log₂Fc|>1）. Pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT/HMBS/Wnt/β-catenin/GPX4， pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT/KEAP1/NRF2/xCT， mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC/ATF3/KEAP1/NRF2/xCT， and mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC/LPCAT3/ALOX15 axial expression was significantly aberrant after Gyp-L intervention （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT/HMBS/Wnt/β-catenin/GPX4， pre-tRNA-Arg-TCT/KEAP1/Nrf2/xCT， mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC/ATF3/KEAP1/Nrf2/xCT， and mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC/LPCAT3/ALOX15 signaling pathways are involved in OC development. Gyp-L inhibits OC development by activating OVCAR3 cell ferroptosis onset mainly through the mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC/ATF3/KEAP1/Nrf2/xCT and mature-tRNA-Asp-GTC/LPCAT3/ALOX15 signaling axes.

ObjectiveTo unveil the mechanism of Jianpi Huogu prescription （JPHGP） in ameliorating the dyslipidemia of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femur head （SONFH） by oxylipidomics combined with transcriptomics. MethodsSixty SD rats were assigned into normal， model， low-， medium-， and high-dose （2.5， 5， 10 g·kg^-1， respectively） JPHGP， and Jiangushengwan （1.53 g·kg^-1） groups. Lipopolysaccharide was injected into the tail vein at a dose of 20 μg·kg^-1 on days 1 and 2， and methylprednisolone sodium succinate was injected at a dose of 40 mg·kg^-1 into the buttock muscle on days 3 to 5. The normal group received an equal volume of normal saline. Drug administration by gavage began 4 weeks after the last injection， and samples were taken after administration for 8 weeks. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was conducted to reveal the histopathological changes of the femoral head， and the number of adipocytes， the rate of empty bone lacunae， and the trabecular area were calculated. Micro-computed tomography was used for revealing the histological and histomorphometrical changes of the femoral head. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the serum levels of triglyceride （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， low-density lipoprotein （LDL）， high-density lipoprotein （HDL）， apolipoprotein A1 （ApoA1）， and apolipoprotein B （ApoB）. At the same time， the femoral head was collected for oxylipidomic and transcriptomic detection. The differential metabolites and differential genes were enriched and analyzed， and the target genes regulating lipid metabolism were predicted. The predicted target proteins were further verified by molecular docking， immunohistochemistry， and Western blot. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the model group showcased thinning of the femoral head， trabecular fracture， karyopyknosis， subchondral cystic degeneration， increases in the number of adipocytes and the rate of empty bone lacunae （P<0.01）， a reduction in the trabecular area （P<0.01）， decreases in BMD， Tb.Th， Tb.N， and BV/TV， and increases in Tb.Sp and BS/BV （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the JPHGP groups showed no obvious thinning of the femoral head or subchondroidal cystic degeneration. The high- and medium-dose JPHGP groups presented declines in the number of adipocytes and the rate of empty bone lacunae， an increase in the trabecular area （P<0.05， P<0.01）， rises in BMD， Tb.Th， Tb.N， and BV/TV， and decreases in Tb.Sp and BS/BV （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the normal group， the model group showcased raised serum levels of TG， TC， LDL， and ApoB and lowered serum levels of HDL and ApoA1 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the JPHGP groups had lowered serum levels of TG， TC， LDL， and ApoB （P<0.05， P<0.01） and a risen serum level of ApoA1 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Moreover， the serum level of HDL in the high-dose JPHGP group increased （P<0.01）. A total of 19 different metabolites of disease set and drug set were screened out by oxylipidomics of the femoral head， and 119 core genes with restored expression were detected by transcriptomics. The enriched pathways were mainly concentrated in inflammation， lipids， apoptosis， and osteoclast differentiation. Molecular docking， immunohistochemistry， and Western blot results showed that compared with the normal group， the model group displayed increased content of 5-lipoxygenase （5-LO） and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ （PPARγ） in the femoral head （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， medium- and high-dose JPHGP reduced the content of 5-LO and PPARγ （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionJPHGP can restore the levels of oxidized lipid metabolites by regulating the 5-LO-PPARγ axis to treat SONFH in rats. Relevant studies provide experimental evidence for the efficacy mechanism of JPHGP in the treatment of SONFH.

Neuroscience is a significant frontier discipline within the natural sciences and has become an important interdisciplinary frontier scientific field. Brain is one of the most complex organs in the human body, and its structural and functional analysis is considered the “ultimate frontier” of human self-awareness and exploration of nature. Driven by the strategic layout of “China Brain Project”, Chinese scientists have conducted systematic research focusing on “understanding the brain, simulating the brain, and protecting the brain”. They have made breakthrough progress in areas such as the principles of brain cognition, mechanisms and interventions for brain diseases, brain-like computation, and applications of brain-machine intelligence technology, aiming to enhance brain health through biomedical technology and improve the quality of human life. Due to limited understanding and comprehension of neuroscience, there are still many important unresolved issues in the field of neuroscience, resulting in a lack of effective measures to prevent and protect brain health. Therefore, in addition to actively developing new generation drugs, exploring non pharmacological treatment strategies with better health benefits and higher safety is particularly important. Epidemiological data shows that, exercise is not only an indispensable part of daily life but also an important non-pharmacological approach for protecting brain health and preventing neurodegenerative diseases, forming an emerging research field known as motor neuroscience. Basic research in motor neuroscience primarily focuses on analyzing the dynamic coding mechanisms of neural circuits involved in motor control, breakthroughs in motor neuroscience research depend on the construction of dynamic monitoring systems across temporal and spatial scales. Therefore, high spatiotemporal resolution detection of movement processes and movement-induced changes in brain structure and neural activity signals is an important technical foundation for conducting motor neuroscience research and has developed a set of tools based on traditional neuroscience methods combined with novel motor behavior decoding technologies, providing an innovative technical platform for motor neuroscience research. The protective effect of exercise in neurodegenerative diseases provides broad application prospects for its clinical translation. Applied research in motor neuroscience centers on deciphering the regulatory networks of neuroprotective molecules mediated by exercise. From the perspectives of exercise promoting neurogenesis and regeneration, enhancing synaptic plasticity, modulating neuronal functional activity, and remodeling the molecular homeostasis of the neuronal microenvironment, it aims to improve cognitive function and reduce the incidence of Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. This has also advanced research into the molecular regulatory networks mediating exercise-induced neuroprotection and facilitated the clinical application and promotion of exercise rehabilitation strategies. Multidimensional analysis of exercise-regulated neural plasticity is the theoretical basis for elucidating the brain-protective mechanisms mediated by exercise and developing intervention strategies for neurological diseases. Thus,real-time analysis of different neural signals during active exercise is needed to study the health effects of exercise throughout the entire life cycle and enhance lifelong sports awareness. Therefore, this article will systematically summarize the innovative technological developments in motor neuroscience research, review the mechanisms of neural plasticity that exercise utilizes to protect the brain, and explore the role of exercise in the prevention and treatment of major neurodegenerative diseases. This aims to provide new ideas for future theoretical innovations and clinical applications in the field of exercise-induced brain protection.

Objective To propose a high-precision deep learning-based image assessment method of osteosarcoma chemotherapy efficacy for clinical treatment,as existing methos have low accuracy of osteosarcoma assessment.Methods The low incidence of osteosarcoma led to the small scale of its imaging data and the problem of imbalance in data categories.This study combined deep learning with clinical medical information,combined the bone sarcoma generation module of BoneGAN and the scale lesion information capture module,and proposed OMLA-Net,a deep learning assessment network for chemotherapy effect of bone sarcoma based on multi-scale lesion attention network,which achieved computer-aided bone tumor assessment with integrated data augmentation and focused lesion information through pre-training and generalized loss training.Results In this study,40 cases of osteosarcoma MRI data were used as the basis for the comparison test on the generated dataset,and the OMLA-Net assessment outperformed the SOTA method Conv-LSTM-GAN in terms of the assessment effects such as accuracy and F1 scores,and the difference was statistically significant(Bootstrap statistical method P＜0.05);the subsequent K-fold cross-validation ablation experiments further demonstrated the effectiveness of each module proposed by OMLA-Net.Conclusion OMLA-Net can effectively perform the impact assessment of chemotherapy effect on osteosarcoma,which provides a new idea for subsequent clinical application.

Objective To discuss the application of Hydrocoil Azur CX(an electrolysis dehydration gel platinum coil)in interventional embolization of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula(PAVF).Methods Three patients with untreated PAVF,who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University of China between May 2023 and July 2023,were selected for this study.Interventional embolization of the responsible vessels with Hydrocoil Azur CX and other spring coils was carried out for all 3 patients.Results Multiple PAVF lesions were effectively obstructed in 3 patients.No recanalization occurred during a follow-up period of 6 months.Conclusion The Hydrocoil Azur CX can effectively and permanently embolize the PAVF.

Cancer incidence in China has been rising steadily,with a particularly heavy burden from several high-prevalence malignancies.Medical examination for cancer plays a critical role in the early detection of cancer,precancerous lesions,and precursor conditions,thereby facilitating timely diagnosis and intervention.Such examination also addresses the growing demand for person-alized cancer screening services among diverse population groups.The development of evidence-based,context-specific cancer screening guidelines is essential to enhance the standardization,quality,and equity of preventive screening practices across the country,ultimately improving out-comes in early cancer detection and treatment.Guided by the Department of Medical Emergency Response of the National Health Commission,the Guidelines for Medical Examination for Cancer in Health Examination Agency(2025 Edition)were developed under the leadership of the National Cancer Center.A multidisciplinary panel of experts formulated the guidelines in accordance with the principles and methodology of the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Deve-lopment.The guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations on key clinical domains:target cancers and populations,overall screening workflow,screening protocols,diagnostic technolo-gies,result interpretation,follow-up procedures,and quality control.The primary objective is to standardize cancer screening practices in health examination agency and strengthen China's ca-pacity for prevention and control of high-burden cancers.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the mediating role of sleep duration in the relationship between depression symptoms and myopia among middle school students. METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional research conducted using a stratified cluster random sampling method. A total of 1 728 middle school students were selected from two junior high schools and two senior high schools in certain urban areas and farms of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. Questionnaire surveys and vision tests were conducted among the students. Spearman analysis was used to analyze the correlation between depression symptoms, sleep duration, and myopia. The Bootstrap method was employed to investigate the mediating effect of sleep duration between depression symptoms and myopia. RESULTS: The prevalence of myopia in the overall population was 74.02% (1 279/1 728), with an average sleep duration of (7.6±1.0) hours. The rate of insufficient sleep was 83.62% (1 445/1 728), and the proportion of students exhibiting depression symptoms was 25.29% (437/1 728). Correlation analysis showed significant negative correlations between visual acuity in both eyes and sleep duration with depressive emotions as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (with correlation coefficients of -0.064, -0.084, and -0.199 respectively; P<0.01), as well as with somatic symptoms and activities (with correlation coefficients of -0.104, -0.124, and -0.233 respectively; P<0.01) and interpersonal relationships (with correlation coefficients of -0.052, -0.059, and -0.071 respectively; P<0.05). The correlation coefficients for left and right eye visual acuity and sleep duration were 0.206 and 0.211 respectively (P<0.001). Sleep duration exhibited a mediating effect between depression symptoms and myopia (indirect effect=0.056, 95%CI: 0.029-0.088), with the mediating effect value for females (indirect effect=0.066, 95%CI: 0.024-0.119) being higher than that for males (indirect effect=0.042, 95%CI: 0.011-0.081). CONCLUSIONS Sleep duration serves as a partial mediator between depression symptoms and myopia in middle school students.
Humans ; Myopia/etiology* ; Male ; Female ; Depression/physiopathology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Sleep ; Adolescent ; Students ; Child ; Time Factors ; Sleep Duration