Objective: To explore the effects of personality and sleep quality with psychological distress of junior and senior high school stduents, so as to provide a reference basis for precise interventions of junior and senior high school students mental health. Methods: In October 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 9 034 students aged 12-17 from Shiyan City as the study subjects. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) were used to collect information on sleep quality and psychological distress of junior and senior high school stduents. Between group comparison was conducted by using t-test and Chi-square test. Generalized linear models were employed to analyze the interaction and joint effects of personality and sleep quality on psychological distress. Results: The generalized linear model analysis showed that the interaction between personality and sleep quality on psychological distress was statistically significant of junior and senior high school students(effect size=0.80, P <0.01). The general linear model analysis indicated that, after adjusting for variables such as age, gender, screen time, and daily sitting time with the extroverted and good sleep quality group as the reference, the introverted and poor sleep quality group had the largest mean difference in psychological distress scores (difference=0.51, P <0.05). When stratified by sleep quality, psychological distress scores were higher in the introverted and neutral personality groups with both poor and good sleep quality compared to the extroverted group (poor sleep quality: introverted difference=3.71, neutral difference=1.14; good sleep quality: introverted difference=2.23, neutral difference=0.57, all P < 0.05). When stratified by personality, psychological distress scores were higher in the poor sleep quality groups for introverted, neutral, and extroverted individuals compared to their good sleep quality counterparts (differences=8.66, 7.83, 7.34, all P < 0.05 ). Conclusions Personality and sleep quality have interactive and joint effects on psychological distress of junior and senior high school stduents. Personalized psychological interventions should be developed based on personality and sleep quality.

Objective: To explore the relationship between serum homocysteine (Hcy), interleukin-5 (IL-5), folate and core symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorders, so as to provide potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and intervention of diseases. Methods: A total of 106 children with autism spectrum disorders and 106 healthy children with matched sex and age in Lu an People s Hospital were enrolled as autism group and healthy group between May 2020 to December 2023. On the day of admission, levels of serum Hcy, IL-5 and folate were detected. The core symptoms in autism group were evaluated by Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-fourth edition(WPPSI-IV), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). The levels of serum Hcy, IL-5 and folate in the two groups were compared by t- test. The relationship between serum Hcy, IL-5, folate and core symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorders was determined by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The levels of serum Hcy and IL-5 in autism group were (7.48±0.32) μmol/L and (345.77±32.51) pg/mL, higher than those in healthy group [(6.11±0.54) μmol/L, (274.04±25.17) pg/mL], while folate level was lower than that in healthy group [(15.24±3.47) ng/mL, (22.51±4.69) ng/mL], the differences were statistically significant ( t =22.47, 17.96, 12.83, all P < 0.05 ). In autism group, levels of serum Hcy and IL-5 were positively correlated with scores of ABC, CARS and SRS ( r =0.29, 0.53 , 0.54; 0.45, 0.41, 0.50), while negatively correlated with WPPSI-IV score ( r =-0.28, -0.26)(all P <0.05). The folate level was negatively correlated with scores of ABC, CARS and SRS ( r =-0.55, -0.40, -0.25), while positively correlated with WPPSI-IV score ( r =0.41) (all P <0.05). Conclusion Children with ASD show elevated serum Hcy and IL-5 alongside decreased folate,and three markers correlate with core symptoms and intellectual level.

Chronic liver disease is a general term for a variety of liver diseases， and its prevalence rate is increasing year by year. With the progression of the disease， patients may experience a variety of serious complications and even progress to liver failure. In recent years， a number of studies have revealed the association between ectopically colonized oral bacteria and chronic liver disease and explored their potential value in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver disease. This article systematically reviews the association of ectopically colonized oral bacteria with metabolic associated fatty liver disease， liver cirrhosis， and liver cancer and analyzes the mechanism for the influence of ectopically colonized oral bacteria on chronic liver disease， so as to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver disease using ectopically colonized oral bacteria.

OBJECTIVE To explore the improvement effect and potential mechanism of modified Yanghe decoction on bone destruction in rats with breast cancer bone metastasis based on the receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 （RIPK1）/RIPK3 pathway. METHODS The rat model of breast cancer bone metastasis was established by injecting a suspension of breast cancer cells into the bone marrow cavity. The rats with successful modeling were randomly divided into a model group （intragastric administration of equal volume of normal saline）， modified Yanghe decoction low-， medium-， and high-dose groups （intragastric administration of corresponding decoction at 1.30， 2.60 and 5.20 g/kg， calculated by the dosage of crude drug）， high-dose modified Yanghe decoction+si-RIPK1 group （intragastric administration of corresponding decoction at 5.20 g/kg， calculated by the dosage of crude drug； simultaneous injection of small interfering RNA for RIPK1 via the tail vein）， and high-dose modified Yanghe decoction+si-NC group （intragastric administration of corresponding decoction at 5.20 g/kg， calculated by the dosage of crude drug； simultaneous injection of small interfering RNA for negative control via the tail vein）， with 12 rats in each group. Another 12 healthy rats were selected as the control group and were given the same volume of normal saline intragastrically， once a day， for 14 consecutive days. Body weight was measured before administration and at the end of the last administration. The mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold were measured， and the bone destruction， pathological changes and osteoclast formation of the tibia were observed. The positive expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB （RANK） and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand （RANKL） in the tibial tissue， as well as the phosphorylation levels of RIPK1， RIPK3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein （MLKL） were detected. RESULTS Compared with the control group， the tumor cells of tibia tissues in rats of the model group showed significant proliferation and diffuse infiltration into the bone marrow cavity. Extensive areas of tumor necrosis of cells， severe bone destruction， thinning of the bone cortex， and damage to the bone trabeculae were observed. The body weight （before administration and at the end of the last administration）， mechanical pain threshold， thermal pain threshold， and the phosphorylation levels of RIPK1， RIPK3 and MLKL were decreased significantly； the tumor volume， the proportion of bone destruction area， the number of osteoclasts， and the positive expressions of RANK and RANKL were increased/up-regulated significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with the model group， the above pathological changes in the tibial tissues of rats in modified Yanghe decoction low-， medium- and high-dose groups were all alleviated， and all quantitative indicators showed dose-dependent improvement （P＜0.05）. After silencing RIPK1， the aforementioned beneficial effects of high-dose modified Yanghe decoction were significantly weakened （P＜0.05）.CONCLUSIONSModified Yanghe decoction can alleviate bone destruction in rats with breast cancer bone metastasis. The above effect is related to the activation of the RIPK1/RIPK3 pathway.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the actual construction and operation status of established and under-construction centralized （cloud） prescription review centers （shortened for “prescription review center”） of close-knit county-level medical consortium in a certain city， so as to provide reference for improving the construction quality of the prescription review center. METHODS An online questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the data from 51 established and under-construction prescription review center in the city， covering basic information， funding sources， talent management， system construction， review rule maintenance， prescription review practices， prescription evaluation， data utilization， and current challenges. The collected data were summarized and analyzed. RESULTS A total of 51 valid questionnaires were retrieved， covering 32 established and 19 under-construction prescription review center. Among the 32 established prescription review centers， the main funding sources for their construction came from government financial allocations， accounting for 56.25%. Only 25.00% of prescription review center had review pharmacists who fully met national qualification requirements， and just 55.00% updated more than 10 review rule entries per month on average. Outpatient prescription verification realized full coverage， but 37.50% of prescription review centers only supported rationality verification of single prescriptions， and 50.00% could not retrieve laboratory and examination results to assist in prescription review. Additionally， 40.62% of prescription review center had not regularly conducted prescription evaluations for primary care institutions. The data from prescription review center was mainly used to support medication monitoring. Among the 19 prescription review centers currently in the planning stage， 63.16% had no identified funding sources. CONCLUSIONS The operation and construction of prescription review center in the city face challenges， such as funding shortages， absence of collaborative incentive mechanisms， and insufficient manpower.It is suggested that the state should issue a unified standard for the construction of the prescription review center as soon as possible， and local health administrative departments should formulate supporting policies and clarify assessment indicators in combination with the actual situation of the region.

BACKGROUND:Ligament flavum hypertrophy is the main cause of lumbar spinal stenosis,which is the result of multiple pathological factors working together.Currently,the molecular mechanism and pathway of action of ligament flavum hypertrophy are unclear,and there is a lack of effective non-surgical treatment options. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the molecular mechanisms of ligament flavum hypertrophy using methylation sequencing and transcriptome integration analysis methods. METHODS:Five normal ligament flavum tissue samples and five hypertrophic ligament flavum tissue samples were collected.Abnormal methylation sites and methylation status were recorded by methylation sequencing and abnormally expressed genes were recorded by transcriptome integration analysis.The genes that showed a negative correlation between methylation level and expression level at the intersection of the two were selected.GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were used to study the major functional pathways and molecular functions of differentially expressed genes.Key genes regulating ligamentum flavum hypertrophy were screened using protein-protein interaction analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Methylation sequencing of the two groups of the ligament flavum showed 37 173 hypermethylation sites and 10 583 low methylation sites.Transcriptome integration analysis found 720 abnormally expressed genes,of which 463 were upregulated and 257 were down-regulated.There were 383 overlapping genes,of which 192 genes showed a negative correlation between the methylation level and the expression level.GO functional pathway analysis results showed that molecular function was enriched to 10 terms,cellular component was enriched to 15 terms,and biological process(BP)was enriched to 30 terms.The results of KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that 192 genes were mainly enriched to 9 pathways,such as PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,Rap1 signaling pathway,and focal adhesion signaling pathway.The protein-protein interaction analysis identified five genes,PPARG,EGFR,CNR1,TNF and COL11A2,which may be the key genes that regulate ligamentum flavum hypertrophy,and they can influence the occurrence and development of ligamentum flavum hypertrophy mainly through the regulation of tissue fibrosis,cell proliferation and differentiation,inflammatory factor levels,and collagen fiber expression.

BACKGROUND:Osteosarcoma has a complex pathogenesis and a poor prognosis.While advancements in medical technology have led to some improvements in the 5-year survival rate,substantial progress in its treatment has not yet been achieved. OBJECTIVE:To screen key molecular markers in osteosarcoma,analyze their relationship with osteosarcoma treatment drugs,and explore the potential disease mechanisms of osteosarcoma at the molecular level. METHODS:GSE99671 and GSE284259(miRNA)datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.Differential gene expression analysis and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis(WGCNA)on GSE99671 were performed.Functional enrichment analysis was conducted using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes separately for the differentially expressed genes and the module genes with the highest positive correlation to the disease.The intersection of these module genes and differentially expressed genes was taken as key genes.A Protein-Protein Interaction network was constructed,and correlation analysis on the key genes was performed using CytoScape software,and hub genes were identified.Hub genes were externally validated using the GSE28425 dataset and text validation was conducted.The drug sensitivity of hub genes was analyzed using the CellMiner database,with a threshold of absolute value of correlation coefficient|R|>0.3 and P<0.05. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Differential gene expression analysis identified 529 differentially expressed genes,comprising 177 upregulated and 352 downregulated genes.WGCNA analysis yielded a total of 592 genes with the highest correlation to osteosarcoma.(2)Gene Ontology enrichment results indicated that the development of osteosarcoma may be associated with extracellular matrix,bone cell differentiation and development,human immune regulation,and collagen synthesis and degradation.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment results showed the involvement of pathways such as PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,focal adhesion signaling pathway,and immune response in the onset of osteosarcoma.(3)The intersection analysis revealed a total of 59 key genes.Through Protein-Protein Interaction network analysis,8 hub genes were selected,which were LUM,PLOD1,PLOD2,MMP14,COL11A1,THBS2,LEPRE1,and TGFB1,all of which were upregulated.(4)External validation revealed significantly downregulated miRNAs that regulate the hub genes,with hsa-miR-144-3p and hsa-miR-150-5p showing the most significant downregulation.Text validation results demonstrated that the expression of hub genes was consistent with previous research.(5)Drug sensitivity analysis indicated a negative correlation between the activity of methotrexate,6-mercaptopurine,and pazopanib with the mRNA expression of PLOD1,PLOD2,and MMP14.Moreover,zoledronic acid and lapatinib showed a positive correlation with the mRNA expression of PLOD1,LUM,MMP14,PLOD2,and TGFB1.This suggests that zoledronic acid and lapatinib may be potential therapeutic drugs for osteosarcoma,but further validation is required through additional basic experiments and clinical studies.

AIM: To investigate the alterations in corneal aberration and relative refractive power following the reduction of back optic zone diameters(BOZD)of orthokeratology lenses.METHODS: Myopic children aged 8-12 years, deemed suitable and willing to wear orthokeratology lenses, were randomly allocated to wear lenses with a 6.0 mm BOZD or a 5.0 mm BOZD. Data collection included changes in higher-order aberrations, relative refractive power and the treatment zone diameter of the two groups after wearing lenses for 1 d, 1 wk, 1, and 3 mo. The correlation of increase in corneal higher-order aberrations with refractive power was analyzed.RESULTS: The increases in total higher-order aberrations, spherical aberrations and coma aberrations varied over time following lens wear(all P<0.001), and there were no statistically significant differences in the changes of total higher-order aberrations and coma aberrations between the two groups of patients(all P>0.05). A significant difference was observed in the increment of spherical aberrations in the 5 mm range between the two groups of patients, which varied over time(Ftime=40.179, Ptime<0.001; Fgroup=11.948, Pgroup=0.001; Finteraction=3.262, Pinteraction=0.03). A significant difference was observed in the increment of spherical aberrations in the 4 mm range between the two patient groups(Ftime=34.462, Ptime<0.001; Fgroup=13.094, Pgroup<0.001; Finteraction=1.372, Pinteraction=0.25). There was no statistically significant distinction in relative refractive power between the two groups(Fgroup=0.048, Pgroup=0.83; Finteraction=1.208, Pinteraction=0.31); however, relative refractive power changed over time(Ftime=40.030, Ptime<0.001). The difference in treatment zone diameter between the two groups was statistically significant, with changes over time(Ftime=11.212, Ptime<0.001; Fgroup=74.073, Pgroup<0.001; Finteraction=0.312, Pinteraction=0.82). The total higher-order aberrations, spherical aberrations, and coma aberrations in 4, 5 and 6 mm range showed a positive correlation with relative refractive power values(all P<0.001). Statistically significant difference was observed in the axial length between the two groups after wearing lenses for 3, 6 and 12 mo(Ftime=185.398, Ptime<0.001; Fgroup=5.618, Pgroup=0.02; Finteraction=2.315, Pinteraction=0.11).CONCLUSION: Orthokeratology lenses leaded to elevated higher-order aberrations. Orthokeratology lenses with smaller BOZD produced significantly greater spherical aberrations at 4 and 5 mm range and smaller treatment zone diameters. The corneal total higher-order aberration was positively correlated with relative refractive power. Wearing orthokeratology lenses with a smaller BOZD can cause slower axial growth and better myopia control.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for cystic fibrosis (CF). Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed databases up to August 7, 2024. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected for data extraction and quality assessment. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and the risk of bias and applicability of included prediction model studies were assessed by the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST). Results A total of 10 studies were included, among which 5 studies only identified specific exhaled VOCs in CF patients, and another 5 developed 7 CF risk prediction models based on the identification of VOCs in CF. The included studies reported a total of 75 exhaled VOCs, most of which belonged to the categories of acylcarnitines, aldehydes, acids, and esters. Most models (n=6, 85.7%) only included exhaled VOCs as predictive factors, and only one model included factors other than VOCs, including forced expiratory flow at 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF75) and modified Medical Research Council scale for the assessment of dyspnea (mMRC). The accuracy of the models ranged from 77% to 100%, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.771 to 0.988. None of the included studies provided information on the calibration of the models. The results of the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) showed that the overall bias risk of all predictive model studies was high, and the overall applicability was unclear. Conclusion The exhaled VOCs reported in the included studies showed significant heterogeneity, and more research is needed to explore specific compounds for CF. In addition, risk prediction models based on exhaled VOCs have certain value in the diagnosis of CF, but the overall bias risk is relatively high and needs further optimization from aspects such as model construction and validation.

Objective: To explore the impacts of coal mine dust on lung function in rats, so as to provide the basis for the early prevention and treatment of coal worker's pneumoconiosis. Methods: Seventy-two SPF-grade 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the coal dust group, the coal-silica dust group, the silica dust group and the control group. The rats in the first three groups of rats were administered 1 mL corresponding dust suspension into the lungs using non-exposure tracheal instillation, while the rats in the control group were administered 1 mL normal saline. Respiratory rate (f), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and dynamic pulmonary compliance (Cdyn) were measured at 1, 3 and 6 months after dust exposure. Lung tissues were collected to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels using corresponding ELISA kits and ATP assay kits, respectively. The relative mRNA expressions of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) were detected using real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. The relative protein expressions of PGC-1α and TFAM were detected using Western blotting. Results: There was no interaction between dust type and exposure duration on f (P>0.05), but there were interactions on FVC, PEF and Cdyn (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group at 6 months after dust exposure, the f of the rats in the silica dust group were increased, while the FVC and PEF of the rats in the coal-silica dust and silica dust groups were decreased, and Cdyn of the rats in the coal dust, coal-silica dust and silica dust groups were decreased (all P<0.05). There were interactions between dust type and exposure duration on ROS and ATP levels, the relative mRNA and protein expressions of PGC-1α and TFAM (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group at 3 and 6 months after dust exposure, the ROS levels in the rats in the coal dust, coal-silica dust and silica dust groups were increased, while the ATP levels, the relative mRNA and protein expressions of PGC-1α and TFAM were decreased (all P<0.05). Conclusion The lung function impairment in rats caused by different types of coal mine dust is related to PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis dysfunction, which leads to increased ROS levels, decreased ATP and TFAM levels.