Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)is a malignant tumor originating from the squamous epithelium of the oro-pharyngeal mucosa,accounting for more than 90％of oropharyngeal malignancies.In recent years,human papillomavirus(HPV)infec-tion has become one of the primary etiological factors of oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma.The incidence of HPV-associated oropharyn-geal squamous carcinoma has been rising annually,with a noticeable trend toward younger populations,posing a significant threat to hu-man health.Due to the distinct biological behavior and clinical characteristics of HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma com-pared to its non-HPV-related counterpart,the diagnostic and treatment strategies for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma have undergone substantial changes.Prevention and screening for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma are of critical importance.The diagnostic and treat-ment process involves multi-disciplinary collaboration,including oral and maxillofacial surgery,otolaryngology,head and neck surgery,oncology,radiology and pathology.Based on evidence from clinical practice,a comprehensive,integrated diagnostic and therapeutic ap-proach has been established,centered around the concept of"prevention,screening,diagnosis,treatment,and rehabilitation",covering the entire patient lifecycle and providing a valuable reference for clinical practice.

Objective:To establish a quality standard system for Descurainiae Semen under the requirements of German Pharmaceutical Codex (DPC); To compare the similarities and differences between DPC and the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China regarding the establishment of a quality standard system for TCM medicinal materials. Methods:Based on the requirements of DPC, and referring to the relevant methods of Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, the quality of 30 batches of Descurainiae Semen samples were assessed by observing the appearance and microscopic characteristics and determining their loss on drying, total ash content, and ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid. A TLC identification method was established based on a silica gel G TLC plate, using a developing agent composed of ethyl acetate, formic acid, and water in the ratio of 7:1.5:2.5 ( V/ V/ V). The method utilized rutin and quercetin as indicators for the System Suitability Test (SST), and took quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucose-7-O-β-D-gentiobioside and isorhamnetin 3-O-β-D-glucose-7-O-β-D-gentiobioside as the index. Based on the content determination method for Descurainiae Semen in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, a content determination method was established with quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucose-7-O-β- D-gentiobioside as the index. Results:The loss on drying for the 30 batches of samples ranged from 6.15% to 12.0%, with the total ash content ranged from 3.17% to 9.44%, and the ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid content ranged from 0.14% to 4.82%. The resolution of rutin and quercetin met the DPC's requirements for the SST criteria in TLC identification, and all batches of samples showed good separation of the index components. This method could effectively distinguish Descurainiae Semen from Lepidii Semen. Using modern chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, the structure of the chromatographic peak adjacent to the component of the index (quercetin-3-O-β- D-glucoside-7-O-β-D-gentiobioside) was identified as descuraic anhydride B. The resolution between the two components in all batches of samples was greater than 3.1, which met the DPC's requirements for the SST criteria in content determination. The results of the methodological investigations met the requirements for content determination. The content of quercetin-3-O-β- D-glucose-7-O-β-D-gentiobioside in 30 batches of samples ranged from 0.062%-0.125%.Conclusion:The established quality standard system for Descurainiae Semen in this article is comprehensive, and meets the requirements of the DPC, which can be used for the quality control of Descurainiae Semen.

Objective To explore the efficacy of 4R technology combined with prone five-direction cer-vical muscle strength training for neck type cervical spondylosis.Methods A total of 112 patients with neck and shoulder pain who visited the Affiliated Shapingba Hospital of Chongqing University and the Shapingba District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Chongqing from January to November 2024 were selected as research subjects.They were randomly assigned using a random number table method into an observation group and a control group,with 56 patients in each group.The observation group received 4R technology com-bined with prone five-direction cervical muscle strength training,while the control group received conventional rehabilitation treatment.Both interventions lasted for 4 weeks.Differences in Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores,Neck Disability Index(NDI)scores,and cervical range of motion in flexion,extension,lateral bending,and rota-tion were assessed before treatment and at 1 and 6 months after treatment for both groups.Results At 1 and 6 months of treatment,VAS scores in both groups decreased compared to before treatment,with the observation group lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).At 1 and 6 months of treatment,NDI scores in both groups decreased compared to before treatment,with the observation group lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).At 1 and 6 months of treatment,cervical flexion,cervical extension,and cervical lateral flexion in both groups increased compared to before treatment,and cervical rotation in the observation group increased compared to before treatment.Cervical extension and cervical rotation in the observation group were greater than those in the con-trol group,and only at 6 months of treatment was cervical lateral flexion in the observation group greater than in the control group,with all differences statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The 4R technology combined with prone five-direction cervical muscle strength training can effectively improve cervical-type cer-vical spondylosis.

In recent decades,the incidence of human papillomavirus(HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)has shown a marked increase.Significant changes have also occurred in the OPSCC diagnosis and treatment paradigm.Deter-mining HPV status prior to treatment is now essential,and radiotherapy/chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and minimally invasive surgical techniques have progressively emerged as key modalities for managing OPSCC.However,alongside these paradigm shifts,a comprehen-sive technical consensus guiding the entire diagnostic and therapeutic process for OPSCC patients is currently lacking.Given China's large population base and the rising incidence of OPSCC,an expert panel convened to develop a clinical technical consensus on OPSCC diagno-sis and management tailored to China's specific context.This consensus aims to further enhance and standardize understanding of OPSCC management techniques among relevant healthcare professionals.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is a malignant lesion originating from the oral mucosal squamous epithelium,account-ing for over 80％of oral and maxillofacial malignancies.Key etiological factors include tobacco,alcohol abuse,and betel quid chewing.In China,its incidence has shown an overall upward trend,posing a significant threat to public health.OSCC exhibits high local invasive-ness,making early diagnosis critical for improving prognosis.Its clinical management requires close multidisciplinary collaboration among oral and maxillofacial surgery,head and neck surgery,radiation oncology,medical oncology,reconstructive surgery,radiology,patholo-gy,and nutritional support teams.Given the increasing disease burden of OSCC and rapid development of multidisciplinary collaborative models,an expert panel has formulated this integrated management consensus based on evidence-based medicine and extensive deliber-ation.Centered on the'Prevention-Screening-Diagnosis-Treatment-Rehabilitation'framework,the consensus provides comprehensive guidance for the entire disease course of OSCC patients,aiming to standardize clinical practice.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is a malignant lesion originating from the oral mucosal squamous epithelium,account-ing for over 80％of oral and maxillofacial malignancies.Key etiological factors include tobacco,alcohol abuse,and betel quid chewing.In China,its incidence has shown an overall upward trend,posing a significant threat to public health.OSCC exhibits high local invasive-ness,making early diagnosis critical for improving prognosis.Its clinical management requires close multidisciplinary collaboration among oral and maxillofacial surgery,head and neck surgery,radiation oncology,medical oncology,reconstructive surgery,radiology,patholo-gy,and nutritional support teams.Given the increasing disease burden of OSCC and rapid development of multidisciplinary collaborative models,an expert panel has formulated this integrated management consensus based on evidence-based medicine and extensive deliber-ation.Centered on the'Prevention-Screening-Diagnosis-Treatment-Rehabilitation'framework,the consensus provides comprehensive guidance for the entire disease course of OSCC patients,aiming to standardize clinical practice.

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)is a malignant tumor originating from the squamous epithelium of the oro-pharyngeal mucosa,accounting for more than 90％of oropharyngeal malignancies.In recent years,human papillomavirus(HPV)infec-tion has become one of the primary etiological factors of oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma.The incidence of HPV-associated oropharyn-geal squamous carcinoma has been rising annually,with a noticeable trend toward younger populations,posing a significant threat to hu-man health.Due to the distinct biological behavior and clinical characteristics of HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma com-pared to its non-HPV-related counterpart,the diagnostic and treatment strategies for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma have undergone substantial changes.Prevention and screening for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma are of critical importance.The diagnostic and treat-ment process involves multi-disciplinary collaboration,including oral and maxillofacial surgery,otolaryngology,head and neck surgery,oncology,radiology and pathology.Based on evidence from clinical practice,a comprehensive,integrated diagnostic and therapeutic ap-proach has been established,centered around the concept of"prevention,screening,diagnosis,treatment,and rehabilitation",covering the entire patient lifecycle and providing a valuable reference for clinical practice.

In recent decades,the incidence of human papillomavirus(HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)has shown a marked increase.Significant changes have also occurred in the OPSCC diagnosis and treatment paradigm.Deter-mining HPV status prior to treatment is now essential,and radiotherapy/chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and minimally invasive surgical techniques have progressively emerged as key modalities for managing OPSCC.However,alongside these paradigm shifts,a comprehen-sive technical consensus guiding the entire diagnostic and therapeutic process for OPSCC patients is currently lacking.Given China's large population base and the rising incidence of OPSCC,an expert panel convened to develop a clinical technical consensus on OPSCC diagno-sis and management tailored to China's specific context.This consensus aims to further enhance and standardize understanding of OPSCC management techniques among relevant healthcare professionals.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum bile acid profiles in early non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and explore their clinical significance at the same time combined with liver enzyme-related indicators.Methods A total of 58 patients with early NAFLD who were treated in Department of Gastroenterology,Wenzhou People's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected as early NAFLD group,along with 66 healthy individuals as control group.Basic information and blood samples were collected and ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry was used to determine 15 types of serum bile acid profile.Statistical analysis was performed in correlation with liver enzyme indicators.Results Compared with control group,serum concentration of taurocholic acid(TCA)and taurochenodeoxycholic acid(TCDCA)increased in early NAFLD group,which were highly correlated with the disease(VIP>1,p(corr)>0.6 according to SIMCA software analysis).Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index,total cholesterol,triglyceride,and TCA were independent risk factors in the early-stage of NAFLD,with OR(95%CI)values of 2.367(1.511-3.709),6.481(2.003-20.963),4.950(1.675-14.631)and 2.643(1.335-5.234)(TCA values were log2 transformed),with all P<0.05.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that TCA and TCDCA had a certain predictive capability in diagnosis of the early NAFLD,and the diagnostic evaluation ability was higher,and area under the curve of them were more than 0.7.Conclusion The bile acid profile of patients with early NAFLD are changed,mainly TCA and TCDCA,which have a positive correlation with the early NAFLD and expected to become a serological marker of early NAFLD.