Objective:To investigate whether the inhibitory effect of berberine (BBR) on inflammation and apoptosis of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is related to its upregulation of microRNA (miR)-23a.Methods:The 3rd to 4th generation hDPSCs with good growth were taken and randomly divided into the blank control group, LPS group, LPS+ BBR group, LPS+ miR-NC mimics group, LPS+ miR-23a mimics group, and LPS+ BBR+ miR-23a inhibitors group according to the experimental requirements. The expression levels of miR-23a mRNA in each group were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and the expression levels of interleukin-1 β(IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α) in the cell supernatants of each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The apoptosis rate of cells in each group was detected by flow cytometry, and the expression level of Cleaved caspase-3 of apoptosis-related proteins in each group was detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with the LPS group, different concentrations of LPS+ BBR groups could significantly reduce the expression levels of cellular inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, apoptosis rate, and apoptotic protein Cleaved caspase 3 in a dose-dependent manner (all P<0.05). Compared with the LPS group, the expressions of the cellular inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, apoptosis rate and apoptotic protein Cleaved caspase in the LPS+ miR-23a mimics group, the LPS+ BBR group and the LPS+ BBR+ miR-23a inhibitors group were lower (all P<0.05). Compared with the LPS+ miR-NC mimics group, the cellular inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, apoptosis rate and the expression of apoptotic protein Cleaved caspase 3 in the LPS+ miR-23a mimics group and the LPS+ BBR group were all lower (all P<0.05). Compared with the LPS+ BBR group, the inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, apoptosis rate and the expression of apoptotic protein Cleaved caspase 3 in the LPS+ BBR+ miR-23a inhibitors group were all higher (all P<0.05). Conclusions:BBR can inhibit the inflammatory and apoptotic responses of LPS-induced hDPSCs, which is related to its upregulation of miR-23a expression.

Objective:To investigate whether the inhibitory effect of berberine (BBR) on inflammation and apoptosis of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is related to its upregulation of microRNA (miR)-23a.Methods:The 3rd to 4th generation hDPSCs with good growth were taken and randomly divided into the blank control group, LPS group, LPS+ BBR group, LPS+ miR-NC mimics group, LPS+ miR-23a mimics group, and LPS+ BBR+ miR-23a inhibitors group according to the experimental requirements. The expression levels of miR-23a mRNA in each group were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and the expression levels of interleukin-1 β(IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α) in the cell supernatants of each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The apoptosis rate of cells in each group was detected by flow cytometry, and the expression level of Cleaved caspase-3 of apoptosis-related proteins in each group was detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with the LPS group, different concentrations of LPS+ BBR groups could significantly reduce the expression levels of cellular inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, apoptosis rate, and apoptotic protein Cleaved caspase 3 in a dose-dependent manner (all P<0.05). Compared with the LPS group, the expressions of the cellular inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, apoptosis rate and apoptotic protein Cleaved caspase in the LPS+ miR-23a mimics group, the LPS+ BBR group and the LPS+ BBR+ miR-23a inhibitors group were lower (all P<0.05). Compared with the LPS+ miR-NC mimics group, the cellular inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, apoptosis rate and the expression of apoptotic protein Cleaved caspase 3 in the LPS+ miR-23a mimics group and the LPS+ BBR group were all lower (all P<0.05). Compared with the LPS+ BBR group, the inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, apoptosis rate and the expression of apoptotic protein Cleaved caspase 3 in the LPS+ BBR+ miR-23a inhibitors group were all higher (all P<0.05). Conclusions:BBR can inhibit the inflammatory and apoptotic responses of LPS-induced hDPSCs, which is related to its upregulation of miR-23a expression.

[Summary]Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)is one of the most common complications of diabetes.The blood nerve barrier(BNB)is a barrier structure located in peripheral nerve tissue,protecting nerve tissue from toxic substances in the blood and maintaining material exchange and information transmission between nerves and blood.Studies have shown that changes in BNB may be the initial event leading to the occurrence of DPN.After BNB is destroyed,blood-borne pathogens can directly damage peripheral nerves and cause DPN.This article will review the physiological and pathological characteristics of BNB,the relationship between BNB and DPN,and the research progress in targeting BNB for the treatment of DPN.

[Summary]Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)is one of the most common complications of diabetes.The blood nerve barrier(BNB)is a barrier structure located in peripheral nerve tissue,protecting nerve tissue from toxic substances in the blood and maintaining material exchange and information transmission between nerves and blood.Studies have shown that changes in BNB may be the initial event leading to the occurrence of DPN.After BNB is destroyed,blood-borne pathogens can directly damage peripheral nerves and cause DPN.This article will review the physiological and pathological characteristics of BNB,the relationship between BNB and DPN,and the research progress in targeting BNB for the treatment of DPN.

Islet β cell dedifferentiation is one of the important reasons leading to insulin secretion defect or insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).HIF-1α/PFKFB3 signaling pathway is a newly discovered biological pathway related to T2DM,which is involved in the induction of islet β cells dedifferentiation by anaerobic glycolysis under high glucose environment.This article reviews the research progress of the role of HIF-1α/PFKFB3 signaling pathway in glycolysis induced islet β cell dedifferentiation.

Objective:There is no standard method for esophageal remnant gastric reconstruction for proximal gastrectomy. Reflux esophagitis caused by esophagogastrostomy remains a difficult surgical problem. To report the preliminary surgical results of novel esophagus-conical remnant gastric side overlap anastomosis (CGEO) , with particular emphasis on postoperative esophageal reflux.Methods:In June 2022, we developed a novel CGEO for laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy on two patients with Siewert type II esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma. Surgical procedures for CGEO: (1) Laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy and preparation of conically shaped gastric remnant; (2) Determining anastomotic site of residual stomach and esophagus; (3) Side-to-side anastomosis of right esophageal wall to anterior of conical gastric remnant; (4) Valvuloplasty of esophageal stump.Results:Case 1 was a 71-year-old man with an operation time of 305 minutes and was successfully discharged from the hospital on the 9th day after surgery, and the postoperative pathology was T3N0M0. Case 2 was an 82-year-old man with an operation time of 325 minutes. He was discharged on the 10th day after surgery. In both cases, only mild esophageal mucosal changes were seen in gastroscopy, there were no obvious symptoms of esophageal reflux. There was also no significant weight change at half a year after operation.Conclusion:CGEO is moderately safe in radical surgery for proximal gastric cancer, and may have a preventive effect on the occurrence of postoperative esophageal reflux, but long-term results need to be confirmed by further studies with follow-up.

Objective:There is no standard method for esophageal remnant gastric reconstruction for proximal gastrectomy. Reflux esophagitis caused by esophagogastrostomy remains a difficult surgical problem. To report the preliminary surgical results of novel esophagus-conical remnant gastric side overlap anastomosis (CGEO) , with particular emphasis on postoperative esophageal reflux.Methods:In June 2022, we developed a novel CGEO for laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy on two patients with Siewert type II esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma. Surgical procedures for CGEO: (1) Laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy and preparation of conically shaped gastric remnant; (2) Determining anastomotic site of residual stomach and esophagus; (3) Side-to-side anastomosis of right esophageal wall to anterior of conical gastric remnant; (4) Valvuloplasty of esophageal stump.Results:Case 1 was a 71-year-old man with an operation time of 305 minutes and was successfully discharged from the hospital on the 9th day after surgery, and the postoperative pathology was T3N0M0. Case 2 was an 82-year-old man with an operation time of 325 minutes. He was discharged on the 10th day after surgery. In both cases, only mild esophageal mucosal changes were seen in gastroscopy, there were no obvious symptoms of esophageal reflux. There was also no significant weight change at half a year after operation.Conclusion:CGEO is moderately safe in radical surgery for proximal gastric cancer, and may have a preventive effect on the occurrence of postoperative esophageal reflux, but long-term results need to be confirmed by further studies with follow-up.

Objective To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO on the expressions of endothelin-1 (ET-1),endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)and endothelin A receptor(ETAR) in cerebral circulation blood vessel in the rabbit model of cerebral ischemia.Methods Forty healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups;the surgical group (n =30) and the control group (n =10).The rabbits in the surgical group were further divided into the HBO + cerebral ischemia group (n =15) and the simple cerebral ischemia group (n =15) in accordance with different treatment methods.In the surgical group,cerebral ischemia model was established by thread embolus method.The HBO + cerebral ischemia group was exposed to HBO at a pressure of 0.22 MPa(2.2 ATA)for 60 minutes,one session a day,for a succession of 3 days.In the sham surgical group,neck vessel was only separated and the incision was soon sutured.The animals in the sham surgical group and the cerebral ischemia group did not receive HBO exposure,had normal diet and left there intact for 3 days.Three days later,all the animals were sacrificed,and then immunohistochemical staining was performed by using ET-1,ETAR and eNOS antibodies,and observations were made on the expressions of ET-1,eNOS and ETAR in the internal carotid artery and basilar artery of the 3 groups.Results Experimental results indicated that there were expressions of ET-1,eNOS and ETAR in the internal carotid artery and basilar artery after HBO exposure.As compared with those of the sham surgical group and the cerebral ischemia group,the expression levels of ET-1 and ETAR in the internal carotid artery (51.6 ± 2.1,53.4 ± 1.5) of the HBO + cerebral ischemia group were obviously higher than those in the basilar artery (20.3 ± 2.6,24.3 ± 1.7),and eNOS expression level in the basilar artery (52.1 ± 2.3) was significantly higher than that in the internal carotid artery(22.3 ± 1.2).Conclusions HBO exposure could enhance ET-1 and ETAR expression levels in the internal carotid artery,and could improve eNOS expression in basilar artery,resulting in anterior circulation contraction and posterior circulation dilation.

Objective To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO on the expressions of endothelin-1 (ET-1),endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)and endothelin A receptor(ETAR) in cerebral circulation blood vessel in the rabbit model of cerebral ischemia.Methods Forty healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups;the surgical group (n =30) and the control group (n =10).The rabbits in the surgical group were further divided into the HBO + cerebral ischemia group (n =15) and the simple cerebral ischemia group (n =15) in accordance with different treatment methods.In the surgical group,cerebral ischemia model was established by thread embolus method.The HBO + cerebral ischemia group was exposed to HBO at a pressure of 0.22 MPa(2.2 ATA)for 60 minutes,one session a day,for a succession of 3 days.In the sham surgical group,neck vessel was only separated and the incision was soon sutured.The animals in the sham surgical group and the cerebral ischemia group did not receive HBO exposure,had normal diet and left there intact for 3 days.Three days later,all the animals were sacrificed,and then immunohistochemical staining was performed by using ET-1,ETAR and eNOS antibodies,and observations were made on the expressions of ET-1,eNOS and ETAR in the internal carotid artery and basilar artery of the 3 groups.Results Experimental results indicated that there were expressions of ET-1,eNOS and ETAR in the internal carotid artery and basilar artery after HBO exposure.As compared with those of the sham surgical group and the cerebral ischemia group,the expression levels of ET-1 and ETAR in the internal carotid artery (51.6 ± 2.1,53.4 ± 1.5) of the HBO + cerebral ischemia group were obviously higher than those in the basilar artery (20.3 ± 2.6,24.3 ± 1.7),and eNOS expression level in the basilar artery (52.1 ± 2.3) was significantly higher than that in the internal carotid artery(22.3 ± 1.2).Conclusions HBO exposure could enhance ET-1 and ETAR expression levels in the internal carotid artery,and could improve eNOS expression in basilar artery,resulting in anterior circulation contraction and posterior circulation dilation.

Objective To detect mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody in children having the upper respiratory tract infection.And then investigate mycoplasma pneumoniae infection status of different season different age children.Methods In 5 403 cases of suspected pneumonia mycoplasma infection of 0 to 14 years old children using the method of passive particle agglutination determination of mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody,and analysis of the statistical results.Results The positive rate was 67.8％ in the groups of children.The rates of infection was biggest during 2 to 3 years old children and 3-4 years old children,14.9％ and 18.4％,respectively.In addition,we found that the highest rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection arised from October to January every year of the following year.Conclusion The infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae is on the rise,and children aged 0 to 6 years old are the main population.