Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is a major cardiovascular condition driven by atherosclerosis, distinguished by chronic inflammation and dysregulated lipid metabolism. The gut microbiota plays an essential role in human health and disease, with research indicating a strong association between gut microbial metabolism and the development and progression of coronary heart disease. This article provides a review of the relationship between gut microbiota and coronary heart disease, as well as the mechanisms by which traditional Chinese medicine regulates digestive tract microbiota to treat coronary heart disease, which systematically explains how the gut microbiota, through metabolic products and immune regulation, contributes to the occurrence and progression of coronary heart disease, and summarizes recent advances in research on traditional Chinese medicine's regulation of gut microbiota for treating coronary heart disease. It aims to provide further reference and insights for exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and coronary heart disease, as well as traditional Chinese medicine approaches for treating coronary heart disease.

Abstract OBJECTIVE To introduce the developing procedure of reference standards of nitrosamines by taking 1-methyl-4-nitrosopiperazine(MNP) as example and discuss the problems needing attention when using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) quantitative method. METHODS The structure of the material was confirmed by mass spectrometry, infrared spectrum and nuclear magnetic methods. In terms of quantitative assessment, the purity of the material was analyzed by HPLC, and the water was investigated. The content of MNP was determined by mass balance method, the content of the material was verified by NMR quantitative method. RESULTS MNP was consistent with its structure. In the quantitative NMR investigation, it was found that the use of different internal standards had a great impact on the calibration results. CONCLUSION Since MNP is basic, it is easy to reduce the final determination result by using an acidic internal standard in NMR quantitative analysis. Therefore, it is suggested that an appropriate internal standard should be selected for this kind of sample in the process of NMR quantitative determination.