Objective:To analyze the research programs of clinical trials related to the TCM treatment of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) at home and abroad; To provide references for the follow-up study of TCM treatment of HT.Methods:All clinical research registration plans for TCM prevention and treatment of HT were retrieved from the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, the International Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Registry, and the WHO International Clinical Trial Registration Platform from the establishment of the databases to December 31, 2024. Excel 2019 and GraphPad Prism 9.0 were used for data processing, and the basic characteristics, study types, randomized methods, interventions, outcome indicators and other registration information of registered trials with the frequency analysis.Results:A total of 31 clinical trials were included in this study, and the number of registered studies has gradually increased since 2018, which involving 23 clinical institutions in 9 provincial-level administrative regions until 2024. The region with the highest number of registrations is Shanghai (14 items). The funding sources were mainly local financial support and hospital funding. The research types were mostly intervention studies (30 items). The main research design type was randomized parallel controlled trials (27 items).Conclusions:At present, the overall number of registration studies on TCM prevention and treatment of HT is relatively small. However, in recent years, researchers have paid more attention to the registration of clinical trials in this field. The regional distribution of existing trial registration is not balanced, and the research design scheme needs to be improved.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of postauricular injection (PI) and intratympanic injection (II) of glucocorticoids (GC) in the initial treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SHL).Methods:Electronic databases retrieval (PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, WANFANG) was performed to identify all randomized controlled trials about PI and II of GC in the initial treatment of SHL between 2015 and 2024. Meta-analysis was performed on the studies met the inclusion criteria by RevMan5.4.Results:A total of 971 articles were retrieved, and 23 Chinese articles were included after screening. Meta-analysis found that the total effective rate of PI was significantly higher than that of II ( OR=1.37, 95% CI:1.15-1.65, P=0.000 6), with higher recovery of the hearing threshold (SMD=1.24, 95% CI:0.01-2.46, P=0.05) and a lower incidence of adverse reactions and complications ( OR=0.20, 95% CI:0.15-0.28, P<0.000 01). Conclusions:Compared with II, PI has a better efficacy and safety. Nonetheless, whatever topical administration of GC that can be regarded as the first choice of initial therapeutic schedules to SHL requires further studied.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies found that the proliferative scar-specific long non-coding RNA lncRNA HSFAS is a novel biomarker that can be used in the diagnosis of hypertrophic scar,but how it functions in hypertrophic scar is not clear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role and mechanism of lncRNA HSFAS in hypertrophic scar.METHODS:Fresh scar tissue and surrounding normal skin tissue samples from three patients with hypertrophic scar were collected,and tissue immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of lncRNA HSFAS in frozen sections of two skin tissues. Primary fibroblasts were isolated from proliferative scarred skin tissue and normal skin tissue and cultured by enzyme digestion method. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of lncRNA HSFAS in cells. The proteins bound to lncRNA HSFAS were detected by RNA pull-down combined mass spectrometry. GO and KEGG were used to analyze the main functions and pathways of lncRNA HSFAS involved in hypertrophic scar progression. The targeted binding of lncRNA HSFAS to proteins was determined by catRAPID and RPISeq website analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with normal skin tissue and fibroblasts from normal skin tissue,the expression of lncRNA HSFAS in human hypertrophic scar tissue and primary fibroblasts from hypertrophic scar tissue was significantly increased (P<0.05). There were 510 proteins clearly bound to lncRNA HSFAS by RNA pull-down combined mass spectrometry. The results of GO and KEGG analyses showed that these proteins were mainly involved in RNA splicing and processing,chromosome synthesis and separation,and cell cycle. Among them,the proteins involved in RNA splicing and processing included scaffold attachment factor B2 and DICER1,and the binding fraction with lncRNA HSFAS was higher. The results of bioinformatics analysis showed that lncRNA HSFAS was bound to scaffold attachment factor B2 and DICER1 proteins. To conclude,lncRNA HSFAS may affect gene expression by interacting with scaffold attachment factor B2 and DICER1 proteins to regulate RNA splicing and processing modification,thus promoting the occurrence and development of hypertrophic scar.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies found that the proliferative scar-specific long non-coding RNA lncRNA HSFAS is a novel biomarker that can be used in the diagnosis of hypertrophic scar,but how it functions in hypertrophic scar is not clear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role and mechanism of lncRNA HSFAS in hypertrophic scar.METHODS:Fresh scar tissue and surrounding normal skin tissue samples from three patients with hypertrophic scar were collected,and tissue immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of lncRNA HSFAS in frozen sections of two skin tissues. Primary fibroblasts were isolated from proliferative scarred skin tissue and normal skin tissue and cultured by enzyme digestion method. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of lncRNA HSFAS in cells. The proteins bound to lncRNA HSFAS were detected by RNA pull-down combined mass spectrometry. GO and KEGG were used to analyze the main functions and pathways of lncRNA HSFAS involved in hypertrophic scar progression. The targeted binding of lncRNA HSFAS to proteins was determined by catRAPID and RPISeq website analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with normal skin tissue and fibroblasts from normal skin tissue,the expression of lncRNA HSFAS in human hypertrophic scar tissue and primary fibroblasts from hypertrophic scar tissue was significantly increased (P<0.05). There were 510 proteins clearly bound to lncRNA HSFAS by RNA pull-down combined mass spectrometry. The results of GO and KEGG analyses showed that these proteins were mainly involved in RNA splicing and processing,chromosome synthesis and separation,and cell cycle. Among them,the proteins involved in RNA splicing and processing included scaffold attachment factor B2 and DICER1,and the binding fraction with lncRNA HSFAS was higher. The results of bioinformatics analysis showed that lncRNA HSFAS was bound to scaffold attachment factor B2 and DICER1 proteins. To conclude,lncRNA HSFAS may affect gene expression by interacting with scaffold attachment factor B2 and DICER1 proteins to regulate RNA splicing and processing modification,thus promoting the occurrence and development of hypertrophic scar.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of postauricular injection (PI) and intratympanic injection (II) of glucocorticoids (GC) in the initial treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SHL).Methods:Electronic databases retrieval (PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, WANFANG) was performed to identify all randomized controlled trials about PI and II of GC in the initial treatment of SHL between 2015 and 2024. Meta-analysis was performed on the studies met the inclusion criteria by RevMan5.4.Results:A total of 971 articles were retrieved, and 23 Chinese articles were included after screening. Meta-analysis found that the total effective rate of PI was significantly higher than that of II ( OR=1.37, 95% CI:1.15-1.65, P=0.000 6), with higher recovery of the hearing threshold (SMD=1.24, 95% CI:0.01-2.46, P=0.05) and a lower incidence of adverse reactions and complications ( OR=0.20, 95% CI:0.15-0.28, P<0.000 01). Conclusions:Compared with II, PI has a better efficacy and safety. Nonetheless, whatever topical administration of GC that can be regarded as the first choice of initial therapeutic schedules to SHL requires further studied.

Articular cartilage (AC) injuries often lead to cartilage degeneration and may ultimately result in osteoarthritis (OA) due to the limited self-repair ability. To date, numerous intra-articular delivery systems carrying various therapeutic agents have been developed to improve therapeutic localization and retention, optimize controlled drug release profiles and target different pathological processes. Due to the complex and multifactorial characteristics of cartilage injury pathology and heterogeneity of the cartilage structure deposited within a dense matrix, delivery systems loaded with a single therapeutic agent are hindered from reaching multiple targets in a spatiotemporal matched manner and thus fail to mimic the natural processes of biosynthesis, compromising the goal of full cartilage regeneration. Emerging evidence highlights the importance of sequential delivery strategies targeting multiple pathological processes. In this review, we first summarize the current status and progress achieved in single-drug delivery strategies for the treatment of AC diseases. Subsequently, we focus mainly on advances in multiple drug delivery applications, including sequential release formulations targeting various pathological processes, synergistic targeting of the same pathological process, the spatial distribution in multiple tissues, and heterogeneous regeneration. We hope that this review will inspire the rational design of intra-articular drug delivery systems (DDSs) in the future.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of using 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG) in blood and urine samples as biomarkers for the evaluation of human DNA oxidative damage caused by diesel exhaust(DE). METHODS: A convenient sampling method was used to select 56 male workers exposed to DE in a car manufacturing factory as exposure group, and 52 male workers without exposure to DE were selected as the control group.Urine samples and blood samples were collected from workers in the 2 groups 8 hours after work, and the levels of 8-OHdG in urine and plasma were measured by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer. RESULTS: The median level of urinary 8-OHdG in the exposure group was higher than that of control group(2.54 vs 2.03 μg/g Cr, P<0.05). The median levels of plasma 8-OHdG in the exposure group and control group showed no statistical significance(32.20 vs 31.40 ng/L, P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The urinary 8-OHdG can be used as a biomarker for evaluating the oxidative damage induced by DE exposure.