Objective To investigate the dynamic balance ability of healthy young adults under different obstacle-crossing strategies,thereby providing a theoretical basis for fall prevention training and public facility design.Methods Twenty healthy young adults participated in the experiment using F-scan plantar pressure analysis insoles.The subjects were required to cross three obstacles with different combinations of height and width.With their dominant foot serving as the leading foot and the non-dominant foot as the trailing foot,the subjects performed both lateral and forward crossing maneuvers,and their plantar pressure data were collected.Results Different crossing strategies significantly affected the adjustment speed of the leading foot's center of pressure in the medial-lateral direction(COP_ML),the area of the 95％confidence circle,ML amplitude,and anterior-posterior(AP)amplitude(P＜0.05).These strategies also significantly impacted the trailing foot's COP_ML adjustment speed,the area of the 95％confidence circle,and the range between the maximum and minimum swings(P＜0.05).For the leading foot,during lateral and forward crossing,the balance parameter values under different heights and widths were statistically significant(P＜0.05),increasing as the height and width increased.For the trailing foot,during forward crossing,the balance parameter values under different heights were statistically significant(P＜0.05),increasing with height,while during lateral crossing,the differences in balance parameter values were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusions Healthy young adults demonstrate better balance ability with the leading foot during forward obstacle crossing,which aligns with the movement habits of the dominant foot and daily activity patterns.The trailing foot exhibits a more stable plantar pressure distribution during lateral obstacle crossing,likely due to a larger contact area and more even center of gravity distribution.

Objective To investigate the dynamic balance ability of healthy young adults under different obstacle-crossing strategies,thereby providing a theoretical basis for fall prevention training and public facility design.Methods Twenty healthy young adults participated in the experiment using F-scan plantar pressure analysis insoles.The subjects were required to cross three obstacles with different combinations of height and width.With their dominant foot serving as the leading foot and the non-dominant foot as the trailing foot,the subjects performed both lateral and forward crossing maneuvers,and their plantar pressure data were collected.Results Different crossing strategies significantly affected the adjustment speed of the leading foot's center of pressure in the medial-lateral direction(COP_ML),the area of the 95％confidence circle,ML amplitude,and anterior-posterior(AP)amplitude(P＜0.05).These strategies also significantly impacted the trailing foot's COP_ML adjustment speed,the area of the 95％confidence circle,and the range between the maximum and minimum swings(P＜0.05).For the leading foot,during lateral and forward crossing,the balance parameter values under different heights and widths were statistically significant(P＜0.05),increasing as the height and width increased.For the trailing foot,during forward crossing,the balance parameter values under different heights were statistically significant(P＜0.05),increasing with height,while during lateral crossing,the differences in balance parameter values were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusions Healthy young adults demonstrate better balance ability with the leading foot during forward obstacle crossing,which aligns with the movement habits of the dominant foot and daily activity patterns.The trailing foot exhibits a more stable plantar pressure distribution during lateral obstacle crossing,likely due to a larger contact area and more even center of gravity distribution.

AIM:This study aims to design pH/near-infrared(NIR)dual-responsive metal-organic framework composite nanoparticles co-loaded with indocyanine green(ICG)and sphingosine kinase 1(SphK1)siRNA(siSphK1),and to evaluate their anticancer efficacy against non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells.METHODS:The ZIF-8 nanopar-ticles were synthesized and loaded with ICG and siSphK1 to prepare ZIF-8@ICG@siSphK1 nanoparticles.Their morpholo-gy,particle size,surface charge,and crystalline structure were characterized through transmission electron microscopy,dynamic light scattering,and X-ray diffraction.Stability,siSphK1 encapsulation and protection,and pH/NIR response were assessed.The gene silencing efficacy and anticancer activity in A549 cells were evaluated using Western blot,RT-qPCR,MTT assay,flow cytometry,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)fluorescence staining.RESULTS:The ZIF-8@ICG@siSphK1 nanoparticles exhibited a typical polyhedral structure with an average particle size of(76.8±0.9)nm and a ζ potential of(9.2±0.1)mV.The nanoparticles effectively encapsulated siSphK1,protecting it from RNase degra-dation,and demonstrated excellent NIR responsiveness with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 39.7%.After 10 h of 808 nm laser irradiation,siRNA cumulative release was significantly higher at pH 5.5 compared with pH 7.4.In A549 cells,the nanoparticles efficiently delivered siSphK1 under NIR irradiation,significantly down-regulated SphK1 gene ex-pression,inhibited cell proliferation,induced apoptosis,and increased intracellular ROS levels.CONCLUSION:The ZIF-8@ICG@siSphK1 nanoparticles effectively induce cytotoxic effects against A549 cells through gene silencing and pho-tothermal therapy.

AIM:This study aims to design pH/near-infrared(NIR)dual-responsive metal-organic framework composite nanoparticles co-loaded with indocyanine green(ICG)and sphingosine kinase 1(SphK1)siRNA(siSphK1),and to evaluate their anticancer efficacy against non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells.METHODS:The ZIF-8 nanopar-ticles were synthesized and loaded with ICG and siSphK1 to prepare ZIF-8@ICG@siSphK1 nanoparticles.Their morpholo-gy,particle size,surface charge,and crystalline structure were characterized through transmission electron microscopy,dynamic light scattering,and X-ray diffraction.Stability,siSphK1 encapsulation and protection,and pH/NIR response were assessed.The gene silencing efficacy and anticancer activity in A549 cells were evaluated using Western blot,RT-qPCR,MTT assay,flow cytometry,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)fluorescence staining.RESULTS:The ZIF-8@ICG@siSphK1 nanoparticles exhibited a typical polyhedral structure with an average particle size of(76.8±0.9)nm and a ζ potential of(9.2±0.1)mV.The nanoparticles effectively encapsulated siSphK1,protecting it from RNase degra-dation,and demonstrated excellent NIR responsiveness with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 39.7%.After 10 h of 808 nm laser irradiation,siRNA cumulative release was significantly higher at pH 5.5 compared with pH 7.4.In A549 cells,the nanoparticles efficiently delivered siSphK1 under NIR irradiation,significantly down-regulated SphK1 gene ex-pression,inhibited cell proliferation,induced apoptosis,and increased intracellular ROS levels.CONCLUSION:The ZIF-8@ICG@siSphK1 nanoparticles effectively induce cytotoxic effects against A549 cells through gene silencing and pho-tothermal therapy.

BACKGROUND:The clinical research have found that the interbervebral disc herniation often occurs in several members or even al the members of a family, and the location, reason and symptom are basical y the same, indicating that genes play an important role in this kind of disease. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the apoptosis Fas gene expression characteristics of lumbar disc in the familial patients with intervertebral disc herniation. METHODS:Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-PCR was used to test Fas gene expression of vertebral pulp and cartilage endplate in the intervertebral disc among 15 familial patients, 21 ordinary patients and five fresh cadavers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fas gene expression level of endplate of familial and ordinary patients with intervertebral disc herniation was higher than that of fresh cadavers, and there was no significant difference (P<0.05);there was no significant difference in Fas gene expression in endplates between familial patients and ordinary patients with intervertebral disc herniation (P>0.05). Compared with the vertebral pulps of ordinary patients with intervertebral disc herniation and fresh cadavers, there was no significant difference in the Fas expression of vertebral pulps of familial patients with intervertebral disc herniation (P>0.05). The increasing Fas gene expression may be secondary in the endplates of familial patients with intervertebral disc herniation, which can prevent intervertebral disc degeneration through preventing the endplate degeneration.