Internal jugular venous flow disorder can affect intracranial hemodynamics extensively，and studies have shown that internal jugular venous flow disorder has an impact on various nervous system diseases. This article reviews the association of internal jugular venous flow disorder with related diseases and non-specific symptoms，such as transient global amnesia，transient monocular blindness，white matter lesions，cognitive impairment，Parkinson disease，idiopathic intracranial hypertension，and multiple sclerosis，in order to expand the clinical thinking of the nervous system diseases associated with internal jugular venous flow disorder.
Parkinson Disease

Objective To explore the impact of nursing intervention based on the information-motivation-behavioral skill(IMB)model on the acceptance of disability in stroke patients.Methods A total of 92 patients with first-onset stroke who were hospitalized at the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from July 2022 to December 2023 were selected and divided into experimental group(47 cases)and control group(45 cases)according to the random number table method.The control group received routine care,while the experimental group received nursing intervention based on the IMB model in addition to routine care.The acceptance of disability and depression levels of two groups were compared.Results After the intervention,the acceptance of disability in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group and increased over time(P＜0.05).The degree of depression in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group and decreased over time(P＜0.05).Conclusion Nursing intervention based on the IMB model can enhance the acceptance of disability among stroke patients,reduce the degree of depression,and improve disease prognosis,demonstrating good clinical practical value.

Objective To explore the impact of nursing intervention based on the information-motivation-behavioral skill(IMB)model on the acceptance of disability in stroke patients.Methods A total of 92 patients with first-onset stroke who were hospitalized at the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from July 2022 to December 2023 were selected and divided into experimental group(47 cases)and control group(45 cases)according to the random number table method.The control group received routine care,while the experimental group received nursing intervention based on the IMB model in addition to routine care.The acceptance of disability and depression levels of two groups were compared.Results After the intervention,the acceptance of disability in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group and increased over time(P＜0.05).The degree of depression in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group and decreased over time(P＜0.05).Conclusion Nursing intervention based on the IMB model can enhance the acceptance of disability among stroke patients,reduce the degree of depression,and improve disease prognosis,demonstrating good clinical practical value.

Objective To investigate the anti-estrogenic activity of bisphenol A and its substitutes, and to analyze the relevant mechanisms. Methods Bisphenol A and its three most widely used substitutes (bisphenol S, bisphenol F and bisphenol AF) were selected as the docking ligand molecules, and estradiol was used as the control ligand molecule. The ligand molecules docking was simulated with estrogen receptor (ER) α and ERβ using AutoDock software. Results Bisphenol A forms a hydrogen bond with ERα at the His474 residue and with ERβ via three hydrogen bonds at Leu260, His428, and Asn431 residues. Similar to bisphenol A, bisphenol S, bisphenol F, bisphenol AF and estradiol primarily interact with ERα and ERβ through hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds, but with varying optimal binding sites and affinities. The binding forces of the optimal binding sites for bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol AF, bisphenol S and estradiol with ERα were -4.15, -4.19, -2.73, -4.62 and -5.37 kcal/mol, respectively, and with ERβ were -3.76, -3.91, -2.86, -3.93, and -4.98 kcal/mol, respectively. The affinity ranking for two ERs with these five molecules from high to low was estradiol > bisphenol S> bisphenol F> bisphenol A > bisphenol AF. Conclusion The affinity between bisphenol compounds with ERα and ERβ is mainly based on the hydrophobic interaction with non-polar residues of the receptor and hydrogen bonding with key residues. Bisphenol S, bisphenol F and bisphenol AF showed similar or even stronger endocrine disrupting effects than bisphenol A.

Objective To investigate the immunotoxicity effect of triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) on thymus tissue of mice, and analyze the related mechanism. Methods Specific pathogen free BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, low-, medium- and high-dose groups, with 12 mice per group (equal gender distribution). Mice in these four groups were orally administered doses of 0, 1, 10, and 150 mg/kg body weight of TPHP daily for 60 days. After the exposure, the complete blood count of mice was detected, thymus tissue was collected, coefficient of thymus organs was calculated, and the histopathology changes of thymus were observed. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the expression of genes related to inflammation, oxidative stress, cellular autophagy, and apoptosis in thymic tissues. Results During the exposure period, male mice in the high-dose group had poor fur condition, whisker loss, and increased irritability, while these phenomena were not observed in female mice. At the end of the exposure period, there were no significant changes in mice body weight or thymus organ coefficients among the groups. However, male mice in the high-dose group showed cellular apoptotic changes in the thymic tissue. The amount of white blood cell, lymphocyte, neutrophil granulocyte, red blood cell distribution width, platelet and the plateletcrit of male mice was lower in the high-dose group than that in the control group (all P<0.05). The relative mRNA expression of interleukin (Il)-1β, Il-6, catalase (Cat), P62, as well as the ratio of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) associated X protein (Bax)/Bcl-2 in thymic tissue of male mice were higher in the low-dose group than that in the control group (all P<0.05). The relative mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1), glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1), P62, as well as the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in the thymic tissue of male mice were higher in the medium-dose group than that in the control group (all P<0.05). The relative mRNA expression of Nrf2, Cat, Sod1, Gpx1, P62, cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3, as well as the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in the thymic tissue of male mice were higher in the high-dose group than that in the control group (all P<0.05). The relative mRNA expression of Il-1β and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in thymic tissue of female mice were higher in the low- and medium-dose group (all P<0.05), while the relative mRNA expression of interferon-γ, Nrf2, Cat, P62, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3, as well as the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in thymic tissue of female mice were higher in the high-dose group than that in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Although TPHP exposure had not significantly affected the body weight, thymus organ coefficient and histopathology of mice, it induced changes in oxidative stress-related indicators in thymic tissue, promoted cellular autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammation in the thymic tissue, with observed gender difference.