Objective:To investigate the value of MULTI-parametric MR imaging with flexible design (MTP) combined with microview diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in predicting pituitary tumor invasion of cavernous sinus.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. The clinicopathological and imaging data of 59 patients with suspected pituitary tumor who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from December 2021 to August 2024 were prospectively analyzed. According to Knosp classification, patients with pituitary tumor were divided into non-invasive group (28 cases) and invasive group (31 cases). All patients underwent MTP and microview DWI sequence scanning, and the corresponding parameter values [T 1, R 2*, T 2* and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)] were measured on the MTP quantitative map and ADC map at the maximum diameter level of the pituitary tumor. Independent sample t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the clinical data, quantitative parameter values and proliferation index (Ki-67) between the non-invasive group and the invasive group. Quantitative parameter values with statistically significant differences were jointly included in logistic regression to construct the model. Receiver characteristic curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to analyze single variables and logistic model in predicting the value invasion of pituitary tumor cavernous sinus invasion. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the quantitative values and Ki-67 level. Results:There was no significant difference in age and gender between the non-invasive group and the invasive group ( P>0.05). T 1 and T 2* values in invasion group were higher than those in non-invasion group ( Z=4.42, P<0.001; Z=3.43, P<0.001), R 2* values and ADC values in the invasion group were lower than those in the non-invasion group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.07, P<0.001; Z=-3.07, P=0.002). The AUC values of T 1, R 2*, T 2*, ADC, logistic model 1(T 1+R 2*+ADC) and logistic model 2(T 1+T 2*+ADC) for predicting pituitary tumor cavernous sinus invasion were 0.835, 0.767, 0.760, 0.733, 0.926 and 0.925, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the value of pituitary tumor T 1 was positively correlated with Ki-67 ( r=0.431, P=0.002). Conclusion:Quantitative parameters of MTP sequence and microview DWI sequence can quantitatively evaluate pituitary tumor invasion of cavernous sinus, and the combination of the two sequences can significantly improve the prediction efficiency.

Periodontitis is a globally prevalent inflammatory oral disease, affecting approximately 50% of the population worldwide and imposing a substantial burden on patients′ health and quality of life. Early and accurate diagnosis is critical for preventing disease progression; however, conventional diagnostic approaches often rely on subjective clinical assessments, which only primarily evaluate the cumulative state of the disease, thus limiting their ability to achieve precise early detection. In recent years, the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical diagnostics has demonstrated significant promise, particularly through the integration of multimodal data to enable more comprehensive information capture and analysis. Multimodal data fusion, which combines diverse inputs such as imaging, clinical parameters, and biomarkers, offers transformative potential for AI-powered periodontitis diagnostics. This innovative approach aims to overcome the limitations of traditional methods, significantly enhancing diagnostic accuracy and predictive capabilities. This manuscript reviews the primary diagnostic techniques for periodontitis, explores recent advances in AI applications within this domain, and emphasizes the potential of multimodal data in facilitating precision diagnosis. Furthermore, it provides new insights and supports for personalized treatment strategies.

Periodontitis is a globally prevalent inflammatory oral disease, affecting approximately 50% of the population worldwide and imposing a substantial burden on patients′ health and quality of life. Early and accurate diagnosis is critical for preventing disease progression; however, conventional diagnostic approaches often rely on subjective clinical assessments, which only primarily evaluate the cumulative state of the disease, thus limiting their ability to achieve precise early detection. In recent years, the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical diagnostics has demonstrated significant promise, particularly through the integration of multimodal data to enable more comprehensive information capture and analysis. Multimodal data fusion, which combines diverse inputs such as imaging, clinical parameters, and biomarkers, offers transformative potential for AI-powered periodontitis diagnostics. This innovative approach aims to overcome the limitations of traditional methods, significantly enhancing diagnostic accuracy and predictive capabilities. This manuscript reviews the primary diagnostic techniques for periodontitis, explores recent advances in AI applications within this domain, and emphasizes the potential of multimodal data in facilitating precision diagnosis. Furthermore, it provides new insights and supports for personalized treatment strategies.

Objective To observe the value of 80 kVp combined with artificial intelligence iterative reconstruction(AIIR)in lower extremity CT angiography(CTA)of diabetic foot.Methods Sixty patients with diabetic foot were prospectively enrolled and divided into experimental group and control group(each n=30).Lower extremity CTA was performed using 80 kVp combined with AIIR in experimental group,while using 120 kVp combined with hybrid iterative reconstruction(HIR)in control group.The subjective and objective evaluation results of imaging quality,as well as the radiation dose of scanning were compared between groups.Results Compared with control group,images in experimental group showed higher subjective scores(5[5,5]vs.4[4,4]),displayed more branches of lower limb arteries(both P＜0.05),while the radiation dose decreased by 59.76％ ([8.29±0.53]mSv vs.[20.60±2.42]mSv).CT values,signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of each lower extremity artery segments were higher,while the noise of each lower extremity artery segments in experimental group were lower than those in control group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion 80 kVp combined with AIIR could reduce radiation dose and improve imaging quality of lower extremity CTA of diabetic foot,hence being helpful to displaying small arteries of lower extremity,such as dorsalis pedis arteries and common plantar metatarsal arteries.

The three-dimensional (3D) printed bone tissue repair guide scaffold is considered a promising method for treating bone defect repair. In this experiment, chitosan (CS), sodium alginate (SA), and mineralized collagen (MC) were combined and 3D printed to form scaffolds. The experimental results showed that the printability of the scaffold was improved with the increase of chitosan concentration. Infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the scaffold formed a cross-linked network through electrostatic interaction between chitosan and sodium alginate under acidic conditions, and X-ray diffraction results showed the presence of characteristic peaks of hydroxyapatite, indicating the incorporation of mineralized collagen into the scaffold system. In the in vitro collagen release experiments, a weakly alkaline environment was found to accelerate the release rate of collagen, and the release amount increased significantly with a lower concentration of chitosan. Cell experiments showed that scaffolds loaded with mineralized collagen could significantly promote cell proliferation activity and alkaline phosphatase expression. The subcutaneous implantation experiment further verified the biocompatibility of the material, and the implantation of printed scaffolds did not cause significant inflammatory reactions. Histological analysis showed no abnormal pathological changes in the surrounding tissues. Therefore, incorporating mineralized collagen into sodium alginate/chitosan scaffolds is believed to be a new tissue engineering and regeneration strategy for achieving enhanced osteogenic differentiation through the slow release of collagen.
Chitosan/chemistry* ; Alginates/chemistry* ; Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry* ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Osteogenesis ; Collagen/chemistry* ; Cell Differentiation ; Animals ; Tissue Engineering/methods* ; Cell Proliferation ; Biocompatible Materials ; Glucuronic Acid/chemistry* ; Hexuronic Acids/chemistry*

Vascular homeostasis is a cornerstone for the normal operation of body tissues and organs,and it is closely related to the pathophysiological processes of cardiovascular and other systemic diseases.The maintenance of vas-cular homeostasis relies on a normal vascular microenvironment,and disturbances in this microenvironment are key factors in the development and progression of diseases.In recent years,significant progress has been made in the study of endo-thelial damage and hemodynamics in the pathogenesis of cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type(CSA).However,these aspects represent only part of the vertebral artery microenvironment disorder and do not fully explain the pathogenesis of CSA.Therefore,this paper reviews endothelial dysfunction,abnormal vasomotor function of vascular smooth muscle,damage perception effects of the vascular adventitia,and matrix microenvironment disorders.The aim is to systematically elucidate the role of vascular microenvironment disorder in the pathological process of CSA,providing new perspectives for research into the disease's pathogenesis and therapeutic targets.

Vascular homeostasis is a cornerstone for the normal operation of body tissues and organs,and it is closely related to the pathophysiological processes of cardiovascular and other systemic diseases.The maintenance of vas-cular homeostasis relies on a normal vascular microenvironment,and disturbances in this microenvironment are key factors in the development and progression of diseases.In recent years,significant progress has been made in the study of endo-thelial damage and hemodynamics in the pathogenesis of cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type(CSA).However,these aspects represent only part of the vertebral artery microenvironment disorder and do not fully explain the pathogenesis of CSA.Therefore,this paper reviews endothelial dysfunction,abnormal vasomotor function of vascular smooth muscle,damage perception effects of the vascular adventitia,and matrix microenvironment disorders.The aim is to systematically elucidate the role of vascular microenvironment disorder in the pathological process of CSA,providing new perspectives for research into the disease's pathogenesis and therapeutic targets.

Objective To observe the value of 80 kVp combined with artificial intelligence iterative reconstruction(AIIR)in lower extremity CT angiography(CTA)of diabetic foot.Methods Sixty patients with diabetic foot were prospectively enrolled and divided into experimental group and control group(each n=30).Lower extremity CTA was performed using 80 kVp combined with AIIR in experimental group,while using 120 kVp combined with hybrid iterative reconstruction(HIR)in control group.The subjective and objective evaluation results of imaging quality,as well as the radiation dose of scanning were compared between groups.Results Compared with control group,images in experimental group showed higher subjective scores(5[5,5]vs.4[4,4]),displayed more branches of lower limb arteries(both P＜0.05),while the radiation dose decreased by 59.76％ ([8.29±0.53]mSv vs.[20.60±2.42]mSv).CT values,signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of each lower extremity artery segments were higher,while the noise of each lower extremity artery segments in experimental group were lower than those in control group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion 80 kVp combined with AIIR could reduce radiation dose and improve imaging quality of lower extremity CTA of diabetic foot,hence being helpful to displaying small arteries of lower extremity,such as dorsalis pedis arteries and common plantar metatarsal arteries.

Objective:To investigate the value of MULTI-parametric MR imaging with flexible design (MTP) combined with microview diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in predicting pituitary tumor invasion of cavernous sinus.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. The clinicopathological and imaging data of 59 patients with suspected pituitary tumor who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from December 2021 to August 2024 were prospectively analyzed. According to Knosp classification, patients with pituitary tumor were divided into non-invasive group (28 cases) and invasive group (31 cases). All patients underwent MTP and microview DWI sequence scanning, and the corresponding parameter values [T 1, R 2*, T 2* and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)] were measured on the MTP quantitative map and ADC map at the maximum diameter level of the pituitary tumor. Independent sample t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the clinical data, quantitative parameter values and proliferation index (Ki-67) between the non-invasive group and the invasive group. Quantitative parameter values with statistically significant differences were jointly included in logistic regression to construct the model. Receiver characteristic curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to analyze single variables and logistic model in predicting the value invasion of pituitary tumor cavernous sinus invasion. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the quantitative values and Ki-67 level. Results:There was no significant difference in age and gender between the non-invasive group and the invasive group ( P>0.05). T 1 and T 2* values in invasion group were higher than those in non-invasion group ( Z=4.42, P<0.001; Z=3.43, P<0.001), R 2* values and ADC values in the invasion group were lower than those in the non-invasion group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.07, P<0.001; Z=-3.07, P=0.002). The AUC values of T 1, R 2*, T 2*, ADC, logistic model 1(T 1+R 2*+ADC) and logistic model 2(T 1+T 2*+ADC) for predicting pituitary tumor cavernous sinus invasion were 0.835, 0.767, 0.760, 0.733, 0.926 and 0.925, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the value of pituitary tumor T 1 was positively correlated with Ki-67 ( r=0.431, P=0.002). Conclusion:Quantitative parameters of MTP sequence and microview DWI sequence can quantitatively evaluate pituitary tumor invasion of cavernous sinus, and the combination of the two sequences can significantly improve the prediction efficiency.

Objective:To explore the consistency of MRI fast field echo resembling a CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) and CT in the evaluation of knee and ankle bone changes.Methods:From November 2020 to November 2021, seventeen patients who underwent CT and MRI FRACTURE examinations of knee joint or ankle joint in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University were retrospectively collected, including 14 patients with knee joint examinations and 3 patients with ankle joint examinations. According to the number of joint components, 80 components were included, including 14 for femur and patella, 17 for tibia and fibula, and 3 for talus, scaphoid, medial cuneiform, medial cuneiform, lateral cuneiform and calcaneus, respectively. The fracture, hyperosteogeny, and bone destruction of the joint bones were evaluated by two observers using CT and FRACTURE images, respectively. Kappa test was used to analyze the consistency of CT and FRACTURE images between observers in the evaluation of joint bone lesions.Results:The Kappa values (95%CI) of the consistency evaluation of fracture, hyperosteogeny, and bone destruction by CT and FRACTURE images were 0.925 (0.823-1.027), 0.905 (0.799-1.011) and 0.895(0.752-1.038) respectively for observer 1, and were 0.963 (0.892-1.034), 0.933 (0.843-1.023) and 0.886 (0.731-1.041) respectively for observer 2. The Kappa values (95%CI) of the consistency evaluation of fracture, hyperosteogeny, and bone destruction by observers 1 and 2 via CT images were 1.000 (1.000-1.000), 0.937(0.851-1.023) and 0.945 (0.839-1.051) respectively, and that by FRACTURE images were 0.962 (0.888-1.036), 0.966 (0.899-1.033) and 0.836 (0.656-1.016) respectively.Conclusion:For the evaluation of fracture, hyperosteogeny, and bone destruction of knee joint and ankle joint, MRI FRACTURE sequence is highly consistent with CT.