Osteoporosis(OP)is a refractory metabolic bone disease,with decreased bone mineral mass,weakened bone strength,and systemic bone pain as typical clinical manifestations.Shenzhen Pingle Guo's Orthopedics,an important branch of the Pingle Guo's Orthopedics,has developed their distinct therapeutic approaches to the prevention and treatment of OP:the fifth-generation inheritor,Mr.Guo Chunyuan,advocated for the simultaneous regulation of qi and blood and formulated Shudi Zhuanggu Formula(composed of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata,Codonopsis Radix,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Poria,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Paeoniae Radix Alba,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Dipsaci Radix,and Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix);the sixth-generation inheritor,Professor Yang Zejin,emphasized zang-fu syndrome differentiation and established Yang's Guwei Formula,which simultaneously tonifies the liver,spleen,and kidney,and simultaneously treats deficiency and blood stasis(composed of Astragali Radix,Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata,Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix,Epimedii Folium,Cistanches Herba,Cuscutae Semen,Drynariae Rhizoma,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Corydalis Rhizoma,and Paeoniae Radix Alba);the seventh-generation inheritor,Professor Gong Chunzhu,proposed a three-stage clinical treatment strategy and stressed the principle of reinforcing acquired foundation of life(i.e.,reinforcing spleen and stomach),and formulated the modified Shudi Zhuanggu Formula with Lingnan characteristics(composed of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata,Corni Fructus,Dioscoreae Rhizoma,Alismatis Rhizoma,Poria,Moutan Cortex,Astragali Radix,Dipsaci Radix,Cyathulae Radix,Acanthopanacis Cortex,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Codonopsis Radix,and Chaenomelis Fructus).During the evolution,Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital has continuously integrated modern medical achievements,passed down and enriched the clinical experience,and then the theoretical framework of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of OP has been developed.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of types of inflammatory bowel disease with high recurrence. Recent studies have highlighted that microbial dysbiosis as well as abnormal gut immunity are crucial factors that initiate a series of inflammatory responses in the UC. Modulating the gut microbiota-intestinal immunity loop has been suggested as one of key strategies for relieving UC. Many Chinese herbal medicines including some of single herb, herbal formulas and the derived constituents have been reported with protective effect against UC through modulating gut microbiome and intestinal immunity. Some clinical trials have shown promising results. This review thus focused on the current knowledge on using Chinese herbal medicines for treating UC from the mechanism aspects of regulating intestinal homeostasis involving microbiota and gut immunity. The existing clinical trials are also summarized.

Objective:To investigate the effects of Clostridium butyricum on colitis and intestinal microbiota in mice with or without antibiotic pretreatment. Methods:Thirty specific pathogen free BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the blank control group, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) group, antibiotic + DSS group, Clostridium butyricum + DSS group and antibiotic+ Clostridium butyricum + DSS group, with 6 mice in each group. After the mice were pretreated with quadruple antibiotics (ampicillin 1 g/L, neomycin 1 g/L, metronidazole 1 g/L, and vancomycin 0.5 g/L) in normal drinking water for 30 d, the mice colitis model was induced with DSS. At the same time, the mice in Clostridium butyricum + DSS group and antibiotics+ Clostridium butyricum + DSS group were given 1×10 6colony-forming unit (CFU) Clostridium butyricum by gavage. The effect of Clostridium butyricum on mice with colitis was evaluated by disease activity index (DAI), colon length and histopathological score. The level of serum inflammatory factors was detected by enxyme linked immunosorbent assay, and the effect of Clostridium butyricum on gut microbita in mice was determined by fecal 16S rRNA sequencing. Results:The general condition of mice of the blank control group were good, and their DAI scores fluctuated around 0. Since the fourth day after DSS drinking water was given, the mice of the DSS group showed signs of colitis such as weight loss, unformed stools and bloody stools. On the fourth day after intervention, the DAI score of Clostridium butyricum + DSS group was lower than that of DSS group (0.000±0.000 vs. 0.444±0.111), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=4.000, P=0.016 1). On the tenth and twelfth day after the intervention, the DAI scores of antibiotic+ Clostridium butyricum + DSS group were both lower than those of antibiotic+ DSS group (0.000±0.000 vs. 1.111±0.222, 0.667±0.000 vs. 1.889±0.222), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=5.000 and 5.500, both P<0.05). The histopathological score of mice colon tissue of Clostridium butyricum + DSS group was lower than that of DSS group (2.50±1.73 vs. 5.50±1.00), and the histopathological score of mice colon tissue of antibiotic+ Clostridium butyricum+ DSS group was lower than that of antibiotic+ DSS group (1.25±0.96 vs. 5.00±0.82), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.000 and 5.960, both P<0.05). The serum level of interleukin (IL)-1β Clostridium butyricum+ DSS group was higher than that of blank control group ((4.464±0.075) ng/L vs. (3.907±0.080) ng/L), the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6 and IL-1β of Clostridium butyricum+ DSS group and antibiotic+ Clostridium butyricum + DSS group were all lower than those of DSS group ((2.402±0.383) ng/L , (1.845±0.345) ng/L vs. (6.958±1.084) ng/L, (1.752±0.146) ng/L, (1.307±0.048) ng/L vs. (3.537±0.608) ng/L, (4.464±0.075) ng/L, (4.066±0.190) ng/L vs. (7.477±0.339) ng/L), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=5.005, 3.964, 4.495, 4.693, 6.294, 8.674 and 8.774 , all P<0.05). The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that there were a significantly large number of anti-inflammatory or short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria in the gut microbiota of mice intervened by Clostridium butyricum, among which the dominant bacteria genus in Clostridium butyricum + DSS group and antibiotic+ Colstridium butyicum+ DSS group were Mucispirillum (linear discriminant analysis (LDA)=3.667 log10, P=0.004) and Stenotrophomonas (LDA=2.778 log10, P=0.044). In the antibiotic+ Clostridium butyricum+ DSS group, the dominant bacteria genus were Peptococcus (LDA=2.685 log10, P=0.018), Butyricimonas (LDA=2.712 log10, P=0.011), Bilophila (LDA=3.204 log10, P=0.014), Intestinimonas (LDA=3.346 log10, P=0.010), Candidatus- Saccharimonas (LDA=3.363 log10, P=0.029), Desulfovibrio (LDA=3.402 log10, P=0.025), Oscillibacter (LDA=2.870 log10, P=0.019) and Akkermansia (LDA=4.031 log10, P=0.005). Conclusions:Clostridium butyricum can effectively improve colitis in mice and regulate the intestinal microbial structure of mice, whlie antibiotic pretreatment can strengthen its regulation of intestinal microbiota to and enhance the efficacy of Clostridium butyricum.

Objective To understand the epidemic trend of Tibetan sheep plague in Guoluo Prefecture,Qinghai Province,we detected the plague F1 antibody in Tibetan sheep serum in this area.Methods Indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) and colloidal gold immunochromatography (GICA) were applied to test serum samples of Tibetan sheep which were separated from 5 ml whole blood drew from jugular vein in Maqin County,Maduo County,Gande County,Banma County,Jiuzhi County and Dari County in 2014 and 2015.Results We collected 1 481 serum samples,566 from Maqin County,315 from Maduo County,150 from Gande County,150 from Banma County,150 from Jiuzhi County and 150 from Dari County.Totally 14 serum samples showed F1 antibody positive,the positive rate was 0.95％ (14/1 481),and they were all from Maqin County.Conclusions This area has the prevalence of Tibetan sheep plague.Therefore,the monitoring work of Tibetan sheep plague should be strengthened.

Objective To study the biological characteristics and epidemiological significance of Yersinia pestis in Chengduo County of Qinghai Province,in order to provide scientific basis for plague prevention and control in this area.Methods Thirty one strains of Yersinia pestis isolated from Chengduo County of Qinghai Province from 1980 to 2011 were selected as study subjects.Biochemical test,virulence factors evaluation [Fra1 (F1),pesticin Ⅱ (Pst Ⅱ),virulence antigen (VW),pigmentation (Pgm)] and different region (DFR) genotyping were carried out.Nineteen of the 31 strains Yersinia pestis were selected according to different time,different areas and different hosts to determine their toxicity in mice,MLD ≤ 10 000 was strong toxic strain,10 000 ＜ MLD ＜ 100 000 was moderate toxic strain.Results Among thirty one strains of Yersinia pestis,23 strains were isolated from human,the Himalaya marmot and its fleas and lice,and their biological type was classical,biochemical type was Qinghai-Tibet plateau;21 strains genotype was type 5,1 was type 16,1 was type 32,and they contained all four kinds of virulence factors (F1,Pgm,Pst Ⅱ,VW),and toxicity test showed all strains (14) were strong toxic strains.The rest 8 strains of Yersinia pestis isolated from the Microtus fuscus and its fleas,and their biological type was Microtus,biochemical type was Chuanqing plateau;they could produce F1 and Pgm,of which 87.5％ (7/8) strains could produce Pst Ⅱ,but could not produce VW antigen factor,the genotype was 14,and the toxicity results showed that they were strong (3)and moderate (2) toxic strains.Conclusion The strains separated in Chengduo County of Qinghai Province from 1980 to 2011 have the pathogen characteristics of Qinghai-Tibet plateau plague,they are mainly strong toxic strains;the work on prevention and control of plague should not be neglected.

Objective To learn the awareness,attitude and behavior changes of medical workers to the family doctor service and the influential factors on their utilization of such service since the service is in place.The purpose is to provide theoretical basis to establish the family doctor service model and the incentive mechanism in line with the development of community health service in Beijing.Methods Eight community health centers were sampled randomly from three representative areas of Haidian,Xicheng and Daxing districts,which were grouped randomly as one intervention group and one control group.All the medical workers surveyed were subj ect to the research.The control group was managed as to the existing management mode,and the intervention group was classified and managed according to the new family doctor service model.A questionnaire survey was made to collect data from the baseline and final stages.Comparisons were made among the districts,institutions,and before-after intervention of the institutions themselves to evaluate the effects of the service model and incentive mechanism.Results The survey found a higher awareness by medical workers to such service,higher recognition and satisfaction, and lower rate of services provided by medical workers.The logistic regression analysis found the influential factors for willingness of medical workers to work as family doctors,include group difference, workload changes after signoff as family doctors,residents′acceptance of the community first visit system,recognition or not for whether a family should have a community service team,residents′acceptance,and the general comments on family doctor service (P< 0.05 ).Conclusions Higher incentives of community doctors to embrace family doctor service,calls for the medical workers to change their perception,better incentive mechanism and greater promotion efforts for family doctors′services.

Objective To investigate the awareness and utilization of community family doctor services of residents in Beijing and analyze its influential factors.Methods Multistage random sampling was adopted to enroll residents in Beijing from eight community health centers in Haidian District, Xicheng District and Daxing District,to investigate the awareness and utilization of community family doctor services.Customized questionnaires were recovered for descriptive statistics and influential factor analysis.Results All the 3 008 effective questionnaires were recovered.The results found that 92.2% of the residents used community family doctor services.Higher utilization rates of community family doctor services was found among those residents of chronic diseases,those with their family′s annual average outpatient expenses in the medium level,those with their first choice of medical visits in the community health centers,and those who are aware of family doctor service.Services of the most frequent use in the recent year were physical examination and follow-up phone call(87.3% and 73.4% respectively);those of lower frequency were door-to-door service,health assessment,preventive health care,physical examination,health education and consulting,and rehabilitation service.Factors of statistical significance on utilization of community health services were health condition,financial condition and awareness of community family doctor service(P<0.05).Conclusions Residents in Beijing have a high awareness and utilization of community family doctor services,yet some items of services are seldom used.Health condition,financial condition and awareness of community family doctor service are major influential factors for utilization of community health services.

Objective To explore the effect and its possible mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) on bacterial growth in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of newborns with ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP).Methods Newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University from June 1,2012 to December 31,2012 were reviewed.The inclusion criteria were:(1)Positive BALF culture results.(2) Requirement of mechanical ventilation with tracheal intubation.(3) Diagnosed as ventilator-associated pneumonia.Two pieces of BALF samples of newborn were collected and randornaly divided into experimental and control group.hUCMSCs were added into the experimental group,while the same volume of conditioned medium was added into the control group.Both groups were incubated for six hours in humidified CO2 incubator at 37 ℃,then,bacterial growth was assessed by colony forming unit (CFU) counts.Levels of the antimicrobial peptides (Cathelicidin/LL-37 and human HBD-2) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot.Paired t-test was used for statistical analysis.Results Among the culture results of 31 newborns,there were Klebsiella pneumoniae (6 cases,19.3％),Stenotrophomonas narrow food aeromonas (6 cases,19.3％),Hemolytic staphylococci (5 cases,16.1％),Escherichia coli (3 cases,9.7％),Bacterial meningitis septicemia Elizabeth Platinum (3 cases,9.7％),Acinetobacter baumannii (3 cases,9.7％),Pseudomonas putida (2 cases,6.4％),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1 case,3.2％),Staphylococcus aureus (1 case,3.2％) and Enterobacter cloacae (1 ease,3.2％).The CFU counts in experimental group were much less than those in control group [(2.60±0.67) ×104] CFU/ml vs [(1.18±0.32) ×105] CFU/ml,(t=-20.19,P＜0.01).Levels of Cathelicidin/LL-37 and HBD-2 in experimental group were higher than those in control group [Cathelicidin/LL-37:(8.98 ± 3.22) ng/ml vs (3.18 ± 1.57) ng/ml,t =17.79,P ＜ 0.01 ;HBD-2:(379.87±11.74) pg/ml vs (39.89±2.86) pg/ml,t=37.62,P＜0.01].Conclusions hUCMSCs had antimicrobial effect on bacterial growth in BALFs from ventilator associated pneumonia possibly by the secretion of antimicrobial peptides (Cathelicidin/LL-37 and HBD-2).

Mid-ventricular hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (MVHOCM) is a rare type of cardiomyopathy thatcan be accompanied by apical aneurysm.We presented here a case report of MVHOCM with cornary artery disease.The sixty-fouryears old man was sent to hospital because of ventricular tachycardia.Large inversion T wave was showed on electrocardiography in the presence of abnormal coronary arteries and normal cardiac enzyme.Echoeardiogmphy showed an hourglass appearance of the leftventricle with an aneurysm in the apex and a pressure gradient between the outflow tract of left ventricle and the middle of the leftventricle was revealed by left-heart catheterization.

Objective To explore the effect of perioperative risk factors on post-liver transplantation acute renal failure ( ARF). Methods Clinical data of 89 cases undergoing liver transplantation between 1999 and 2002 in our centre were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine relative risk factors leading to post-liver transplantation ARF. Significant factors were then entered into a multivariate logistic regression to identiy factors independently associated with post-liver transplantation ARF. Result In univariate analysis, intraoprative volume of blood transfusion (P - 0. 041) and duration of operation (P = 0. 005) are with statistical significance. ARF is associated with a poor prognosis ( P