OBJECTIVE: To analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of inpatients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) and provide a basis for clinical prevention and treatment. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 744 inpatients diagnosed with OVCF between January 2017 and December 2021 who met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 146 were male and 598 were female, with age ranging from 50 to 95 years (mean, 69.37 years). The demographic characteristics (gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, regional distribution, urban-rural distribution, and seasonal incidence) and clinical features [causes of injury, history of vertebral fractures, smoking and drinking history in males, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, cerebral infarction), body mass index (BMI), blood lipid levels, menopausal age in females, vertebral bone mineral density T-value, number of vertebral fractures, and fracture segment distribution] of OVCF patients were analyzed. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of vertebral osteoporosis. RESULTS: The demographic analysis indicated that female patients with OVCF were significantly younger than male patients ( P<0.05). Significant differences were observed in the age distribution of OVCF between males and females ( P<0.05), with the highest proportion of male patients in the 70-79 years group (37.0%) and the highest proportion of female patients in the 60-69 years group (40.0%). From 2017 to 2021, the age of onset for OVCF gradually increased, with a similar trend observed for both genders. The distribution of occupations between genders also showed significant differences ( P<0.05); with the top three occupations for males being farmers (48.6%), retirees (24.7%), and workers (13.7%), while for females, the leading occupations were farmers (51.5%), retirees (19.4%), and service workers (10.0%). Female OVCF patients had higher BMI, vertebral bone mineral density T-value, history of vertebral fractures, hypertension prevalence, and blood lipid levels compared to male patients ( P<0.05). No significant difference between the males and the females was found in ethnicity, seasonal distribution, regional distribution, urban-rural distribution, causes of injury, number of vertebral fractures, or prevalence of comorbidities (except hypertension) ( P>0.05). Among the 744 OVCF patients, a total of 1 309 vertebrae were involved, with 628 thoracic vertebrae (48.0%) and 681 lumbar vertebrae (52.0%). The most common fracture segments were L ₁ (22.5%), T ₁₂ (21.2%), followed by L ₂ (12.2%) and T ₁₁ (10.2%). No significant gender difference was observed in the distribution of fracture segments ( P>0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that older age, female, and lower BMI were independent risk factors for vertebral osteoporosis ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION The age of onset of OVCF patients is increasing year by year. The number of fractured vertebral bodies, age distribution of morbidity, occupational distribution, BMI, history of vertebral fracture, hypertension, and blood lipid levels are related to gender. The occurrence of OVCF is mainly in the thoracolumbar segment. The female, older age, and lower BMI are independent risk factors of osteoporosis.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures/etiology* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Osteoporotic Fractures/etiology* ; Fractures, Compression/etiology* ; Risk Factors ; Bone Density ; China/epidemiology* ; Osteoporosis/epidemiology* ; Comorbidity ; Inpatients ; Sex Factors ; Age Factors

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effectiveness of the flexor digitorum longus (FDL) transfer combined with single-bundle spring ligament reconstruction and medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy in the treatment of stage ⅠAB progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD). METHODS: Between January 2019 and September 2023, 19 patients (19 feet) with stage ⅠAB PCFD were treated with FDL transfer combined with single-bundle spring ligament reconstruction and medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy. There were 11 males and 8 females, aged 18 to 60 years, with an average age of 45.5 years. Nine cases were on the left foot and 10 cases on the right foot. The disease duration was 9-21 months, with an average of 12.3 months. Postoperatively, the effectiveness was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, and Tegner score. Based on X-ray films, the talonavicular coverage angle (TNCA), talus-first metatarsal angle (T1MT), Meary angle, and pitch angle were measured. The plantar pressure parameters of the foot were measured by the Footscan plantar pressure measurement system, including peak pressure and load of the forefoot, midfoot, and hind foot. The patients' satisfaction with the surgical outcome was evaluated. RESULTS: All 19 surgeries were successfully completed. One patient had poor incision healing after operation, while the incisions of the remaining patients healed by first intention. All patients were followed up 12-28 months (mean, 16.8 months). At last follow-up, the VAS score significantly decreased compared with that before operation, and the AOFAS score and Tegner score significantly increased ( P<0.05). Radiological measurements showed that the TNCA, T1MT, Meary angle, and Pitch angle all significantly improved compared with those before operation ( P<0.05). Plantar pressure tests indicated that the peak pressures of the forefoot and midfoot significantly reduced compared with those before operation ( P<0.05), while the peak pressure of the hind foot showed no significant change ( P>0.05). The forefoot load significantly increased and the midfoot load decreased compared with those before operation ( P<0.05), while the hind foot load showed no significant change ( P>0.05). The total satisfaction rate of patients with the surgical outcome (very satisfied+satisfied) reached 84.2% (16/19). CONCLUSION The FDL transfer combined with single-bundle spring ligament reconstruction and medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy can effectively correct the stage ⅠAB PCFD, improve the abnormal distribution of plantar pressure and load, alleviate foot pain symptoms, and improve foot movement function. The patient's satisfaction is high. However, the long-term effectiveness still needs to be further observed and clarified.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Osteotomy/methods* ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Calcaneus/surgery* ; Young Adult ; Adolescent ; Tendon Transfer/methods* ; Treatment Outcome ; Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods* ; Foot Deformities/surgery* ; Ligaments, Articular/surgery*

Necroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, initiates a series of biological responses and further culminates in necroinflammatory processes, consequently limiting the efficacy of cytokine antagonists in treating inflammatory diseases. To address this issue, DNAzyme R3-Dz specifically targeting receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3) mRNA, a necrosome component, has been successfully developed and studied to elucidate the mechanism in cleaving its target mRNA. Then a polyamidoamine (PAMAM) derivative was constructed through the modification of nucleobase analog (termed AP) to achieve the R3-Dz delivery to macrophages. The AP/R3-Dz nanoparticles effectively downregulated the RIP3 expression, leading to subsequent decrease in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), ultimately inhibiting the necroinflammatory processes mediated by the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3). Finally, AP/R3-Dz nanoparticles and their combination with the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 suppressed the necrotic phenotype and ameliorated the disease progression in diverse models, including gouty arthritis, autoimmune hepatitis and rheumatoid arthritis. In summary, the AP/R3-Dz nanoparticles in combination with MCC950 have been demonstrated to achieve the intervention in necroptosis and inflammation by dual disruption of the intricate feedback loop of necroinflammation and thus have promising potential in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Mindfulness training has shown beneficial effects on cognitive functions in older adults.Howev-er,the studies on this topic have used different methods and populations,and their results were inconsistent.No sys-tematic review has synthesized and evaluated these findings.This review aims to address this gap by categorizing the studies based on the training methods and cohorts of older adults,and summarizing the effects of mindfulness training on cognitive function.The review finds that mindfulness training had different effects depending on the lev-el of cognitive decline and the training method.Both standardized and unstandardized training methods improved cognitive performance in older adults with normal or subjective cognitive decline.However,the effect of mindful-ness training diminished as cognitive decline worsened,being inconsistent in mild cognitive impairment and non-sig-nificant in dementia.The review also discusses the possible mechanisms and suggested directions for future re-search.

Objective To analyze the demographic data,CT characteristics,treatment methods and follow-up results of patients with spontaneous isolated dissection of celiac artery(SIDCA)and to explore the selection of treatment strategy for SIDCA.Methods Medical records of 31 patients diagnosed as SIDCA were selected.The patients were divided into 2 groups,symptomatic group and asymptotic group.Demographic data,morbidity season,CT characteristics(type,distance of the entry site from the origin of the artery,dissection length,compression rate of the true lumen,branches involvement,organ ischemia,coexisting vasculopathy),treatment methods,and follow-up results were analyzed.Results Thirty-one patients were identified by CT contrast scan,22 were symptomatic and 9 were asymptomatic.22 patients were first diagnosed in cooler season,compared with 9 patients in warmer season(22 vs 9,Fisher's exact test,P=0.029).The difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups about branches involvement in patients was significant(8/14 vs 0/9,Fisher's exact test,P=0.007).Treatment included observation in 24,endovascular intervention in 6 patients and surgical repair in 1 patient.No patient required bowel resection.The mean follow-up period was 13.75 months.Except for 2 patients,the condition of the remaining patients improved or stabilized during follow-up.Conclusion The difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups about branches involvement in patients is significant.Initial conservative treatment may be adequate for patients without end organ malperfusion or aneurysm formation or aneurysm rupture in SIDCA.Additionally,during the cooler season,visceral artery should be observed carefully on abdominal contrast CT,especially in the patient with abdominal pain,to avoid misdiagnosis.

【Objective】 To study the genotypes of ABO ambiguous blood group samples(n=20) and identify their molecular biological characteristics. 【Methods】 The serological phenotype of the samples was analyzed by serological techniques. Seven exons of ABO gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the PCR products were directly sequenced; the genotypes and sequences of ABO subtypes were analyzed. 【Results】 The serological phenotypes of 20 samples presenting ABO ambiguous blood group were as follows: weak A antigen (n=5), weak A antigen combined with anti-A1 antibody (n=5), normal A antigen combined with anti-A1 antibody (n=2), weak B antigen (n=8). The genotypes of them were as follows: Ax02/O01 (n=3), Ael07/O01 (n=2), B313/O01 (n=2), A204/O02 (n=1), A220/O01 (n=1), Ael07/O02 (n=1), Ael02/O01 (n=1), Ael02/O02 (n=1), Ax03/O01 (n=1), Ax03/O02 (n=1), B313/O02 (n=1), B302/O01 (n=1), B302/O02 (n=1), Bw19/O02 (n=1), A102/B313 (n=1) and A101/Bw37 (n=1). 【Conclusion】 ABO genotyping technology can accurately identify the ambiguous blood group of samples, provide definite genetic information of blood group and ensure the safety of clinical transfusion.

BACKGROUND: Implantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is a potential alternative for promoting bone defects healing or osseointegration in osteoporosis. However, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated and excessive inflammation in the osteoporotic microenvironment could weaken the self-replication and multi-directional differentiation of transplanted BMSCs. METHODS: In this study, to improve the hostile microenvironment in osteoporosis, Poloxamer 407 and hyaluronic acid (HA) was crosslinked to synthetize a thermos-responsive and injectable hydrogel to load MnO2 nanoparticles as a protective carrier (MnO2 @Pol/HA hydrogel) for delivering BMSCs. RESULTS: The resulting MnO2 @Pol/HA hydrogel processed excellent biocompatibility and durable retention time, and can eliminate accumulated ROS effectively, thereby protecting BMSCs from ROS-mediated inhibition of cell viability, including survival, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. In osteoporotic bone defects, implanting of this BMSCs incorporated MnO2 @Pol/HA hydrogel significantly eliminated ROS level in bone marrow and bone tissue, induced macrophages polarization from M1 to M2 phenotype, decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNFa, IL-1b, and IL-6) and osteogenic related factors (e.g., TGF-b and PDGF). CONCLUSION This hydrogel-based BMSCs protected delivery strategy indicated better bone repair effect than BMSCs delivering or MnO2 @Pol/HA hydrogel implantation singly, which providing a potential alternative strategy for enhancing osteoporotic bone defects healing.

Objective To establish a method for the determination of total polyphenols and catechins in betel nut polyphenols extract, and provide reference for the quality control of betel nut polyphenols extract. Methods The content of total phenol in betel nut extract was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The content of catechins was determined by HPLC. Results The linear range of total polyphenols in betel nuts extract was 9.8~58.8 μg/ml. The three components of catechin, epicatechin and protocatechuic acid were completely separated by HPLC, and the linear relationship was good in their respective ranges, with the recoveries between 99.17% and 101.67%, the RSD between 1.2% and 2.5%. Conclusion The established method is simple, stable and reliable, which could be used for the quantitative analysis of betel polyphenol extract, and provide experimental basis for the quality control of betel polyphenol extract.

Objective:To investigate the basic characteristics and treatment of aseptic nonunion of femoral shaft in Xi'an Red Cross Hospital from 2013 to 2020.Methods:The data were analyzed retrospectively of the patients with aseptic nonunion of femoral shaft who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Red Cross Hospital Affiliated to Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2013 to December 2020. The patients' data from 2013 to 2016 were assigned into group A while those from 2017 to 2020 into group B. The data like gender, age and nonunion were statistically analyzed and compared between the 2 groups.Results:A total of 311 patients with aseptic nonunion of femoral shaft were diagnosed and treated during the 8 years, accounting for 54.6% (311/570) of the femur nonunion, 32.8% (311/949) of the lower extremity nonunion, 25.0% (311/1,242) of the extremity nonunion, and 22.7% (311/1,370) of the whole body nonunion. There were 244 males and 67 females; the majority of patients were in the age group of 21 to 50 (67.2%, 209/311). The occupation distribution was the most common in farmers (49.2%, 153/311). Traffic injury was the most common cause for primary fractures (40.8%, 127/311). The most common type of injury was closed injury (89.4%, 278/311); the most common type of nonunion was atrophic nonunion (87.8%, 273/311); intramedullary nailing was the main treatment for primary fractures (54.3%, 169/311); channel osteogenesis was the main treatment for secondary nonunion (62.1%, 193/311); autologous iliac bone grafting was the most common grafting for atrophic nonunion (83.5%, 228/311). Compared with group A, the proportion of aseptic nonunion of femoral shaft in group B increased by 9.2% in the femoral nonunions, by 6.9% in the lower extremity nonunions, and by 6.0% in the extremity nonunions, and by 5.2% in the whole body nonunions, showing statistically significant differences ( P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the types of nonunion, occupational distribution, first-stage fracture treatment, second-stage nonunion treatment, and bone grafting method between the 2 groups ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:The patients with aseptic nonunion of the femoral shaft were more common in young and middle-aged male heavy manual laborers, and the condition was increasing in recent years. The channel osteogenesis technique was still the preferred treatment method in the hospital investigated.