Objective: To investigate the characteristics of hospitalized injury cases in Huangpu District, Guangzhou City in 2022, so as to provide evidence for optimizing injury prevention interventions. Methods: Data on hospitalized injury cases admitted between January to December 2022 were collected through the hospitalization registry system from 17 healthcare institutions in Huangpu District. The population distribution characteristics, causes of injury, injury sites, duration of hospital stay, and hospitalization costs were descriptively analyzed. Results: A total of 6 729 hospitalized injury cases were reported in Huangpu District in 2022, including 4 277 males and 2 452 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.74∶1. The average age was (49.57±19.82) years, with 2 064 cases (30.67%) aged 45 to <60 years and 1 921 cases (28.55%) aged ≥60 years. The median length of hospitalization was 9.00 (interquartile range, 11.00) days, with median hospitalization costs of 15 968.93 (interquartile range, 25 786.69) yuan. In the months of June to August, there were more cases of injury hospitalization,with 1 904 cases accounting for 28.30%. The top three causes of injury were falls (2 895 cases, 43.02%), transportation accidents (1 247 cases, 18.53%) and exposure to inanimate mechanical forces (1 104 cases, 16.41%). The top three injured sites were lower limb injuries (1 850 cases, 27.49%), upper limb injuries (1 596 cases, 23.72%) and other sites (1 178 cases, 17.51%). The three leading causes of injury with longest hospitalization duration were burns and scalds, transport accidents and falls, with the median duration being 12.00 (interquartile range, 8.00) days, 10.00 (interquartile range, 13.00) days and 10.00 (interquartile range, 11.00) days, respectively. The top three injury sites associated with the longest hospitalization duration were others, lower limb injuries, and head and neck injuries, with the median duration being 11.00 (interquartile range, 13.00) days, 11.00 (interquartile range, 11.00) days, and 10.00 (interquartile range, 12.00) days, respectively. The causes of injury associated with higher hospitalization costs were falls and transportation accidents, with the median hospitalization cost being 23 550.13 (interquartile range, 30 087.76) yuan for falls and 20 301.94 (interquartile range, 30 589.86) yuan for transportation accidents. The injury sites associated with higher hospitalization costs were lower limb injuries and upper limb injuries, with the median hospitalization cost being 24 257.32 (interquartile range, 34 145.54) yuan for lower limb injuries and 16 506.33 (interquartile range, 20 052.27) yuan for upper limb injuries. Conclusions In Huangpu District, hospitalized injury mainly occurred among males and individuals aged ≥45 years, with the higher incidence observed between June and August. Fall was the primary cause of injury, while lower limb injuries was the main injury sites. The injury resulted in substantially higher hospitalization costs.

As an innovative dosage form, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) dry powder inhalers have emerged as a focal point in the research and development of new preparations due to its high efficiency, safety, and bioavailability. This paper systematically reviewed the relevant literature and patents associated with TCM dry powder inhalers to analyze the origins and the current research and development status. Furthermore, this paper probed into the research and development ideas of TCM dry powder inhalers regarding clinical positioning, prescription screening, and druggability. Additionally, the paper thoroughly analyzed the technical barriers in druggability studies and elaborated on corresponding research techniques and coping measures. Furthermore, it emphasized the need for improved regulations and policies governing TCM dry powder inhalers, advocated for strengthened oversight, and called for the establishment of a scientific quality evaluation system. Measures such as promoting production-education-research collaboration, enhancing personnel training, and fostering international exchanges were proposed to provide a scientific and systematic reference for the future research, development, and application of TCM dry powder inhalers, thereby facilitating the rapid modernization of TCM.
Humans ; Dry Powder Inhalers/trends* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/instrumentation* ; Administration, Inhalation

A high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS) method was established for simultaneous determination of seven characteristic components from the active fraction of Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma in rat plasma, including galangin, kaempferol, kaempferide, pinocembrin, 1,7-diphenyl-4-en-3-heptanone, 5-hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone(DHPA), and 7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-4-en-3-heptanone(DPHB). The new developed HPLC-MS/MS method was applied to study the pharmacokinetics of the 7 characteristic components in rats with Helicobacter pylori gastritis. A Waters Sunfire C_(18) column(2.1 mm×150 mm, 3.5 μm) was used. The acetonitrile-aqueous solution(containing 0.1% formic acid) was adopted as the mobile phase for gradient elution. Seven components and internal standard(chlorogenic acid) were separated within 12 min. Mass spectrometric detection was performed in multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode using electrospray ionization(ESI) source with fast switching between positive and negative ions. The method was verified by specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, and stability and met the requirements of pharmacokinetic study on the 7 components in rat plasma. Pharmacokinetic results showed that the average peak time(T_(max)) of the 7 components was 0.31-2.19 h, their elimination half-life(t_(1/2)) was 5.26-16.65 h, and the average residence time(MRT) was 6.29-31.03 h after the oral administration of the active fraction of Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma to rats with H. pylori gastritis. The plasma exposure levels of galangin and DHPA were higher than those of the other components. The concentration-time curves of four detected flavonoids showed obvious double peaks. This study elucidated the pharmacokinetic characteristics of 7 characteristic components from the active fraction of Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma in rats with H. pylori gastritis, providing a scientific basis for the identification of the pharmacodynamic substances of Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma for treatment of H. pylori gastritis and the clinical application of Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma in the prevention and treatment of H. pylori gastritis.
Animals ; Rats ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Male ; Helicobacter pylori/drug effects* ; Alpinia/chemistry* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Gastritis/metabolism* ; Helicobacter Infections/metabolism* ; Flavonoids/blood* ; Rhizome/chemistry* ; Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

OBJECTIVE: The results of limited studies on the relationship between environmental pollution and dementia have been contradictory. We analyzed the combined effects of PM _2.5 and smoking on the prevalence of dementia and cognitive impairment in an elderly community-dwelling Chinese population. METHODS: We assessed 24,117 individuals along with the annual average PM _2.5 concentrations from 2012 to 2016. Dementia was confirmed in the baseline survey at a qualified clinical facility, and newly suspected dementia was assessed in 2017, after excluding cases of suspected dementia in 2015. National census data were used to weight the sample data to reflect the entire population in China, with multiple logistic regression performed to analyze the combined effects of PM _2.5 and smoking frequency on dementia and cognitive impairment. RESULTS: Individuals exposed to the highest PM _2.5 concentration and smoked daily were at higher risk of dementia than those in the lowest PM _2.5 concentration group ( OR, 1.603; 95% CI [1.626-1.635], P < 0.0001) and in the nonsmoking group ( OR, 1.248; 95% CI [1.244-1.252]; P < 0.0001). Moderate PM _2.5 exposure and occasional smoking together increased the short-term risk of cognitive impairment. High-level PM _2.5 exposure and smoking were associated with an increased risk of dementia, so more efforts are needed to reduce this risk through environmental protection and antismoking campaigns. CONCLUSION High-level PM _2.5 exposure and smoking were associated with an increased risk of dementia. Lowering the ambient PM _2.5, and smoking cessation are recommended to promote health.
Humans ; Dementia/etiology* ; Male ; Aged ; Female ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Particulate Matter/analysis* ; Smoking/epidemiology* ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects* ; Prevalence ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the safety and effectiveness of 3D printing prefabricated nail path model assisted lumbosacral hemivertebra orthopaedic surgery. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 8 patients with lumbosacral hemivertebra deformity admitted from January 2016 to July 2021, including 3 males and 5 females, aged 6 to 15 at the time of surgery. The hemivertebra of 4 cases located on the left side and 4 cases on the right side. The hemivertebra of 1 case located at L_2,3, 2 cases at L_3,4, 2 cases at L_4,5, and 3 cases at L₅S₁. Four cases were fully segmented hemivertebra and 4 cases were incomplete segmented hemivertebra. The patient CT data was imported into Mimics 21.0 software for modeling, and then the model data was imported into 3-Matic software. The vertebra requiring screw placement was selected to simulate the optimal screw placement angle and length, and the model was printed for preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance. All patients underwent orthopedic surgery with the aid of 3D printing preset nail path model. The safety and effectiveness of the 3D printing prefabricated nail tunnel model assisted lumbosacral hemivertebra orthopaedic surgery was evaluated by comparing the imaging parameters of the patients. The main outcome measures were the Cobb angle of the main curve, the Cobb angle of the proximal compensatory curve, the coronal balance index C₇ plumb line-center sacral vertical line(C₇PL-CSVL), the accuracy of nail placement, and the correction rate of scoliosis before surgery, 1 week and 1 year after surgery. RESULTS: All of 8 patients were followed up for 13 to 31 months. A total of 98 pedicle screws were placed in 8 patients. The number of pedicle screw grades A, B, C, D, E was 38, 46, 10, 4, 0 screws. The screws of grade A and B were defined as good position, the accuracy rate of screw placement was 85.7%. The Cobb angle of the main curve were 21° to 38° before operation, 5° to 11° at 1 week after operation, 7°to 12° at 1 year after operation. The Cobb angle of the proximal compensatory curve were 16° to 39° befoer operation, 7° to 12 °at 1 week after operation, 7° to 14° at 1 year after operation, the correction effect remained good with no correction loss. The coronal balance index C7PL-CSVL were 20 to 35 mm before operation, 11 to 18 mm at 1 week after operation, 10 to 16 mm at 1 year after operation, the coronal imbalance improved. The scoliosis correction rate was 65.6% to 84.2% 1 week after surgery, and 61.9% to 81.6% 1 year after surgery. CONCLUSION The use of 3D printing prefixed nail tunnel model in lumbosacral hemivertebra osteotomy is safe and effective, and can significantly improve patients' local deformities. It is a reliable method to assist lumbar sacral hemivertebra osteotomy.
Humans ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Female ; Male ; Adolescent ; Retrospective Studies ; Child ; Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery* ; Sacrum/abnormalities* ; Bone Nails ; Orthopedic Procedures/instrumentation*

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in blood,present at low abundance,serves as a critical biomarker for cancer. Precise detection of ctDNA is of great significance for early diagnosis,disease monitoring,and prognosis evaluation. In this study,a microfluidic chip-based entropy-driven bipedal DNA walker combined with dendritic hybridisation chain reaction was designed as a cascade signal amplification strategy for detection of ctDNA in blood in a microfluidic chip. In the presence of the target,toehold A interacted with target and triggerd a bidirectional strand displacement reaction with the aid of fuel strand F,thereby releasing the target and the 8-17 DNAzyme active centre. Among them,the released target was recycled in a new round of entropy-driven chain replacement reaction. Meanwhile,8-17 DNAzyme active center activated by Pb2+would act on the cleavage site of the substrate hairpin at the microbead surface,exposing the capture probes on the surface of the microbead. The numerous capture probes induced a dendritic hybridization chain reaction,which resulted in fluorescent signals being concentrated on the surface of the microbeads. With the breast cancer mutant gene PIK3CAE545K as the target model,under the optimal experimental conditions,the linear range of sensor was 50-10000 fmol/L,the detection limit was 0.94 fmol/L (LOD,3σ),and the regression equation was y=31.65 lgCT+474.08 (CT is the concentration mutant gene PIK3CAE545K sequence,fmol/L). This method showed spiked recoveries between 98.8％ and 106.5％ when applied to detection of mutant gene PIK3CAE545K in human serum. Characterized by its sensitivity,specificity,anti-interference capability,high throughput,and one-step operation,this method was ideally suited for the rapid analysis of complex samples.

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the risk factors of anastomotic leakage in the neck after esophageal cancer and establish a nomogram prediction model that can accurately predict the occurrence of anastomotic leakage in the neck of the patient. Methods: The study retrospectively analyzed 702 patients who underwent radical esophageal cancer surgery between January 2010 and May 2015 at Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the risk factors for neck anastomotic leak, and a nomogram model was constructed, internal validation methods were used to evaluate and verify the predictive effectiveness of the nomogram. Results: There were 702 patients in the whole group, 492 in the training group and 210 in the validation group. The incidence of postoperative cervical anastomotic leak was 16.1% (79/492) in 492 patients with esophageal cancer in the training group. Multifactorial analysis revealed calcification of the descending aorta (OR=2.12, 95% CI: 1.14, 3.94, P=0.018), calcification of the celiac artery (OR=2.29, 95% CI: 1.13, 4.64, P=0.022), peripheral vascular disease (OR=5.50, 95% CI: 1.64, 18.40, P=0.006), postoperative ventilator-assisted breathing (OR=5.33, 95% CI: 1.83, 15.56, P=0.002), pleural effusion or septic chest (OR=3.08, 95% CI: 1.11, 8.55, P=0.031), incisional fat liquefaction and infection (OR=3.49, 95% CI: 1.68, 7.27, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for the development of cervical anastomotic leak after esophageal cancer surgery. The results of the nomogram prediction model showed that the consistency indices of the training and external validation groups were 0.73 and 0.74, respectively (P<0.001), suggesting that the prediction model has good predictive efficacy. Conclusion: The nomogram prediction model can intuitively predict the incidence of postoperative cervical anastomotic leakage in patients with high prediction accuracy, which can help provide a clinical basis for preventing cervical anastomotic leak and individualized treatment of patients.
Humans ; Anastomotic Leak/etiology* ; Nomograms ; Retrospective Studies ; Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Esophagectomy/methods* ; Risk Factors ; Anastomosis, Surgical/adverse effects*

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the risk factors of anastomotic leakage in the neck after esophageal cancer and establish a nomogram prediction model that can accurately predict the occurrence of anastomotic leakage in the neck of the patient. Methods: The study retrospectively analyzed 702 patients who underwent radical esophageal cancer surgery between January 2010 and May 2015 at Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the risk factors for neck anastomotic leak, and a nomogram model was constructed, internal validation methods were used to evaluate and verify the predictive effectiveness of the nomogram. Results: There were 702 patients in the whole group, 492 in the training group and 210 in the validation group. The incidence of postoperative cervical anastomotic leak was 16.1% (79/492) in 492 patients with esophageal cancer in the training group. Multifactorial analysis revealed calcification of the descending aorta (OR=2.12, 95% CI: 1.14, 3.94, P=0.018), calcification of the celiac artery (OR=2.29, 95% CI: 1.13, 4.64, P=0.022), peripheral vascular disease (OR=5.50, 95% CI: 1.64, 18.40, P=0.006), postoperative ventilator-assisted breathing (OR=5.33, 95% CI: 1.83, 15.56, P=0.002), pleural effusion or septic chest (OR=3.08, 95% CI: 1.11, 8.55, P=0.031), incisional fat liquefaction and infection (OR=3.49, 95% CI: 1.68, 7.27, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for the development of cervical anastomotic leak after esophageal cancer surgery. The results of the nomogram prediction model showed that the consistency indices of the training and external validation groups were 0.73 and 0.74, respectively (P<0.001), suggesting that the prediction model has good predictive efficacy. Conclusion: The nomogram prediction model can intuitively predict the incidence of postoperative cervical anastomotic leakage in patients with high prediction accuracy, which can help provide a clinical basis for preventing cervical anastomotic leak and individualized treatment of patients.
Humans ; Anastomotic Leak/etiology* ; Nomograms ; Retrospective Studies ; Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Esophagectomy/methods* ; Risk Factors ; Anastomosis, Surgical/adverse effects*

Ozone/toxicity* ; Air Pollution/analysis* ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; China/epidemiology* ; Environmental Exposure/analysis* ; Mortality ; Particulate Matter/analysis*