With the continuous deepening of the concept of precision diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer, how to achieve higher efficiency and accuracy in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment pathways in clinical practice has become an important issue that urgently needs to be overcome. The current clinical difficulty lies in the fact that despite continuous advancements in imaging and molecular diagnostic technologies, there are still limitations in manual efficiency and subjective experience when it comes to massive data analysis and multi-scale feature extraction. Artificial intelligence (AI), especially algorithm systems based on deep learning, is an innovative technology capable of deeply empowering medical big data. This method utilizes algorithms such as convolutional neural networks, combined with radiomics, pathomics, and multi-modal data fusion analysis, demonstrating immense potential in early precise detection and benign-malignant differentiation of pulmonary nodules, digital pathological subtype recognition and non-invasive prediction of driver genes, precise 3D surgical planning and automatic delineation of radiotherapy target volumes, as well as dynamic risk warning during follow-up. This innovative technology provides a brand-new solution for realizing intelligent and individualized lung cancer diagnosis and treatment models. This consensus, based on the latest evidence from evidence-based medicine and combined with the development trends in the AI field and real-world clinical needs, was ultimately formed by gathering the consensus opinions of multidisciplinary experts in radiology, pathology, thoracic surgery, and other fields. The main content covers the application specifications of AI in the three core scenarios of lung cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment, the technical standards for data collection and algorithm validation, as well as the ethical and regulatory challenges faced at the current stage. It aims to clarify the applicable boundaries of AI as a clinical auxiliary decision support tool, providing scientific guidance and standardized exploration directions for peers currently engaged in or planning to carry out AI-assisted clinical diagnosis, treatment, and translation of lung cancer.

Objective To study the photodynamic performance and the killing effect of photodynamic therapy on lung cancer of novel chlorin compounds 2-（4-（5,15,20-triphenyl-7H,8H-porphyrin-10-yl） phenoxy） acetic acid（D1）and 4-（4-（5,15,20-triphenyl-7H,8H-porphyrin-10-yl） phenoxy） butanoic acid （D2）. Methods The ultraviolet visible absorption spectrum and fluorescence spectrum of D1 and D2 were determined. The singlet oxygen generation capacity of D1 and D2 was measured by using DPBF as singlet oxygen capture agent. Fluorescence assay was used to detect the cellular phagocytosis rate of the compounds in A549 cells, and MTT assay was used to detect their dark toxicity and phototoxicity. A nude mouse model of lung cancer was established to investigate the antitumor activity of the compounds mediated photodynamic action in vivo, and the blood concentration of D2 in nude mice, its distribution in tumor tissue and skin tissue were further detected. Results D1 and D2 had strong absorption at 652 nm with the best excitation wavelength at 429 nm and 427 nm, and the optimal emission wavelength was at about 659 nm. They also had a higher singlet oxygen generation rate than the control drug m-THPC. D1 and D2 had no dark toxicity at concentrations below 10 μmol/L, and could be ingested by A549 cells, basically reaching saturation in 18~24 hours. After laser irradiation at 650 nm wavelength, D1 and D2 showed significant antitumor activity in vivo and in vitro （P<0.01）. However, D2 could selectively accumulate in tumor tissues after administration, and the optimal treatment time was less than 30 min after administration. Conclusion D2 had excellent photodynamic antitumor activity and could selectively aggregate in tumor tissues, which had the potential to be a candidate drug for photosensitizer and treatment of lung cancer with independent intellectual property rights, and was worth further research.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of clinical pharmacists in the individualized treatment of a rare case of diffuse pulmonary microabscesses caused by Streptococcus constellatus complicated with organizing pneumonia （OP） in a non-immunocompromised patient. METHODS For a middle-aged， non-immunocompromised patient with a one-year disease course， whose imaging findings showed the coexistence of diffuse microabscesses and OP caused by S. constellatus pulmonary abscess， the clinical pharmacist， based on pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics characteristics， assisted the physician in optimizing the previously ineffective anti-infective regimen to Ceftriaxone sodium for injection combined with Metronidazole and sodium chloride injection， so as to enhance coverage of mixed anaerobes and lesion penetration. After the patient’s hemoptysis ceased， the clinical pharmacist recommended timely initiation of low-dose Methylprednisolone sodium succinate for injection to manage OP. Upon discharge， sequential oral therapy with Linezolid tablets， Metronidazole tablets， Methylprednisolone tablets and Omeprazole enteric-coated tablets was prescribed. RESULTS After implementation of the individualized treatment regimen， the patient’s hemoptysis resolved， pulmonary lesions significantly regressed， and the patient was discharged in a stable condition. At the three-month follow-up， the patient remained stable. CONCLUSIONS For chronic persistent pulmonary infection complicated with OP in a non-immunocompromised host， clinical pharmacists assist clinicians in optimizing anti-infective regimens and recommend the timely initiation of anti-inflammatory therapy after infection control， thereby contributing to favorable clinical outcomes. Individualized treatment of such complex cases requires comprehensive consideration of pathogen coverage， pathological barriers， and the timing of anti-inflammatory intervention.

ObjectiveUlcerative colitis is a prevalent immunoinflammatory disease. Th17/Treg cell imbalance and gut microbiota dysregulation are key factors in ulcerative colitis pathogenesis. The actin cytoskeleton contributes to regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of Th17 and Treg cells. Wdr63, a gene containing the WD repeat domain, participates in the structure and functional modulation of actin cytoskeleton. Recent research indicates that WDR63 may serve as a regulator of cell migration and metastasis via actin polymerization inhibition. This article aims to explore the effect of Wdr63 deletion on Th17/Treg cells and ulcerative colitis. MethodsWe constructed Wdr63^-/- mice, induced colitis in mice using dextran sulfate sodium salt, collected colon tissue for histopathological staining, collected mesenteric lymph nodes for flow cytometry analysis, and collected healthy mouse feces for microbial diversity detection. ResultsCompared with wild-type colitis mice, Wdr63^-/- colitis mice had a more pronounced shortening of colonic tissue, higher scores on disease activity index and histological damage index, Treg cells decreased and Th17 cells increased in colonic tissue and mesenteric lymph nodes, a lower level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and a higher level of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17A. In addition, WDR63 has shown positive effects on maintaining intestinal microbiota homeostasis. It maintains the balance of Bacteroidota and Firmicutes, promoting the formation of beneficial intestinal bacteria linked to immune inflammation. ConclusionWdr63 deletion aggravates ulcerative colitis in mice, WDR63 inhibits colonic inflammation likely by regulating Th17/Treg balance and maintains intestinal microbiota homeostasis.

Objective:To compare the dosimetric differences between volumetric modulated arc therapy(VMAT)and helical tomotherapy(HT)in undergoing protective plan for pelvic bones of patients with cervical cancer.Methods:A total of 40 patients with cervical cancer,who underwent radiotherapy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from January 2023 to February 2024,were selected for this study.The target volumes and organs at risk(OARs)were delineated after the information of computed tomography(CT)simulation images were acquired from each patient.The pelvic bone was alone delineated as OAR.Two kinds of bone marrow dose-limiting radiotherapy plans,coplanar dual-arc VMAT and HT,were respectively designed for each patient by using the treatment planning system(TPS)of radiotherapy.A statistical analysis was conducted to compare the dose parameters of target volume,conformity,homogeneity,OAR dose-volume,mean dose,and maximum dose of point between the two kinds of plans.Results:Both the VMAT and HT plans could meet the requirements of target volume and OARs for dose.For general OARs,the dose-volume percentage(V40 Gy)of V40 Gy at bladder,mean dose(Dmean),rectal V40 Gy,maximum dose(Dmax)at small intestine point of HT plan were respectively(38.97±2.29)%,(38.06±0.45)Gy,(61.50±2.51)%and(50.82±0.36)Gy.The differences of them between HT plan and VMAT plan were statistically significant(t=25.46,13.99,1.56,10.93,P<0.05).The V10 Gy,V20 Gy,V30 Gy and Dmean of VMAT plan were respectively(70.76±2.51)%,(60.84±3.29)%,(52.40±2.56)%and(32.02±4.33)Gy for pelvic bones,which were significantly lower than those of HT plan,and the differences of them between two kinds of plans were also statistically significant(t=-20.68,-13.23,-7.73,-10.26,P<0.05).Conclusion:The HT plan can provide the optimal dose distribution for target region in radiotherapy for patients with cervical cancer,which can better protect OAR nearby target region.VMAT plan has a significant advantage in low-dose regions of protecting pelvis.Thus,individualized treatment design should be conducted according to the conditions of each patient in clinical treatment.

Cervical spinal cord injury without fracture-dislocation (CSCIWFD) is referred to as a special type of cervical spinal cord injury characterized by traumatic spinal cord dysfunction and no significant bony structural abnormalities on imagines. Duo to the high risk of missed diagnosis during the initial consultation, CSCIWFD may lead to progressive neurological deterioration or even complete paralysis, severely impacting patients′ prognosis. Currently, there are no established consensuses over the diagnosis and treatment of CSCIWFD, such as the lack of evidence-based standards for indications of non-surgical treatment and risk of secondary neurological injury, as well as debates over the optimal timing for surgical intervention and indications for different surgical approaches. To address these issues, the Spine Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the relevant fields to formulate Diagnosis and treatment guideline for acute cervical spinal cord injury without fracture- dislocation in adults ( version 2025) . Based on evidence-based medicine and the principles of scientific rigor and clinical applicability, the guidelines proposed 11 recommendations covering terminology, diagnosis, evaluation treatment, and rehabilitation, etc., aiming to standardize the management of CSCIWFD.

Objective:To investigate the anatomical characteristics of the atlantoaxial joint associated with nonuniform settlement of the C 2 lateral mass (C 2LM-NUS) and its correlation with atlantoaxial osteoarthritis. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical and imaging data of 522 hospitalized patients (288 males, 234 females; mean age 60.8±11.2 years; range 18-83 years) who underwent CT scans of the head/neck or cervical spine at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University between January 1, 2022 and December 31, 2022. Multiplanar reconstruction of CT data was performed to measure the settlement of the C 2 lateral mass (C 2LMS). Patients with a difference in bilateral C 2LMS (d-C 2LMS) >1.4 mm were classified into the C 2LM-NUS group (137 cases; 71 males, 66 females; mean age 63.3±11.6 years), while the normal group included 385 patients (217 males, 168 females; mean age 59.9±11.0 years). Imaging parameters of the atlantoaxial joint were measured, including the C 1, 2 coronal inclination angle (C 1, 2 CI), atlanto-dental interval (ADI), lateral atlanto-dental interval (LADI), coronal deviation angle of the odontoid (Od-CDA), and C 1, 2 relative rotation angle (C 1, 2 RRA). Osteoarthritis prevalence was recorded. A normal C 0-C 3 finite element (FE) model was constructed using CT data from a 48-year-old female in the normal group. A C 2LM-NUS FE model was developed based on anatomical differences between the C 2LM-NUS and normal groups, and stress distribution on the C 2 lateral mass articular surface was analyzed under flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation torques. Results:The C 2LM-NUS group exhibited asymmetric atlantoaxial joint morphology, with bilateral differences in C 1, 2CI and LADI of 8.5°(5.8°, 11.3°) and 0.8(0.1, 1.4) mm, respectively, significantly greater than those in the normal group [1.7°(0.8°, 2.7°) and 0.2(0.1, 0.5) mm, P<0.05]. Od-CDA and C 1, 2RRA were 3.9°(2.0°, 5.4°) and 7.2°(5.0°, 10.0°) in the C 2LM-NUS group, exceeding the normal group's values [0°(0°, 1.0°) and 0°(0°, 5.5°), P<0.05]. The prevalence of C 2LM-NUS was 37.8% in the atlantoaxial osteoarthritis group, significantly higher than in the non-osteoarthritis group (22.8%, P<0.05). Significant differences were observed in age (68.3±9.4 vs. 58.6±10.8 years), sex distribution (50/69 vs. 238/165), and C 1, 2RRA [5.6°(0°, 8.2°) vs. 3.8°(0°, 6.2°)] between the osteoarthritis and non-osteoarthritis groups ( P<0.05). After adjusting for age, sex, and C 1, 2RRA, binary logistic regression identified C 2LM-NUS as an independent risk factor for atlantoaxial osteoarthritis [ OR=2.024, 95% CI (1.300, 3.150), P<0.001]. FE analysis demonstrated a reduced C 1, 2 range of motion in the C 2LM-NUS model, with elevated stress concentrations on the settled side lateral mass during simulated flexion-extension, lateral bending, and rotation. Conclusions:The study indicated that C 2LM-NUS is associated with asymmetric anatomical changes in the atlantoaxial joint, increasing the risk of osteoarthritis. Stress concentration on the C 2 lateral mass articular surface, caused by C 2LM-NUS, is a biomechanical contributor to this heightened risk.

Brown adipose tissue(BAT), a metabolically active organ, not only plays a pivotal role in thermogenesis, but also exerts endocrine effects that regulate both its own metabolic processes and the function of various other organ systems. These effects are primarily mediated by brown adipose tissue-derived factors, or batokines. Recent advances in the understanding of batokine types, target organs, and underlying mechanisms have highlighted their significant role in the crosstalk between BAT and other organs. This review focuses on the various batokines secreted by BAT and their involvement in regulating interactions with key target organs such as the liver, cardiovascular system, skeletal muscle, and nervous system. By examining the specific functions and molecular mechanisms of these factors, this review aims to offer novel insights and suggest potential research directions for the prevention and treatment of related metabolic diseases.

Objective:To evaluate the long-term protective efficacy of the recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cell-derived hepatitis B vaccine（CHO-HepB）26 years post-vaccination in the rural China.Methods:Zhengding county，Hebei province was designated as a rural monitoring site for CHO-HepB efficacy. Study participants included individuals born between 1997 and 1999 who had completed the three-dose CHO-HepB primary series without booster doses. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in late 2024 using random sampling. Demographic and vaccination history data were collected via questionnaires，and hepatitis B virus（HBV）serological markers were detected using chemiluminescence. Historical surveillance data were integrated to infer infection statuses of HBsAg-positive individuals and evaluate longitudinal trends in anti-HBs seropositivity and antibody titers.Results:Among 178 participants（mean time since vaccination：26.2 years），the seroprevalence rates were 0.6% for HBsAg（95% CI：0.0%-1.6%），64.6% for anti-HBs（95% CI：57.6%-71.6%），and 1.1% for anti-HBc（95% CI：0.0%-2.7%）. Compared to the pre-vaccination baseline HBsAg positivity of 11.3% in children under 10 years of age，the estimated vaccine protection rate was 95%. Two notable cases were identified：one with concurrent HBsAg and anti-HBc positivity and one with anti-HBs and anti-HBc positivity，suggestive of transient HBV exposure（1999—2009）without chronicity. Natural immune boosting was inferred for the latter case based on anti-HBs titer dynamics. Longitudinal analysis of four prior cross-sectional surveys（2005，2009，2013，and 2017）revealed no significant upward trends in HBsAg and anti-HBc positivity（both P>0.05）over 26 years，while anti-HBs seropositivity declined significantly（ P<0.05）from 6 to 26 years post-vaccination. Conclusion:The CHO-HepB vaccine demonstrates sustained immunological persistence and robust long-term protection up to 26 years post-immunization. Continued emphasis on rigorous implementation of mother-to-child transmission prevention strategies is critical for future hepatitis B control.