Atherosclerotic plaques arise within the vessels， yet their morphological evolution parallels that of carbuncles and abscesses. Drawing on the pathomechanism progression of carbuncles and abscesses， this paper proposes a dynamic pathogenesis model of "constraint-putrefaction-ulceration" for atherosclerotic plaques. The formation of atherosclerotic plaque begins with phlegm-turbidity obstruction and qi-blood stagnation （constraint stage）； prolonged constraint transforms into heat that scorches the vessels and forms plaques （putrefaction stage）； ultimately， toxin invades inward and ruptures the vessels， injuring the heart （ulceration stage）. Accordingly， staged differentiation and treatments are proposed. During the constraint stage， the focus is venting constraint and unblocking collaterals， clearing and relieving constraint-heat， for which Yue Jyu Pills （越鞠丸） and Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder （丹栀逍遥散） with modifications can be used. During the putrefaction stage， the method is clearing heat and dispelling abscesses， resolving stasis and dissipating knot， with modified Wuwei Xiaodu Beverage （五味消毒饮） and Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction （血府逐瘀汤）. During the ulceration stage， it is suggested to expell toxin and stasis， benefit qi and nourish yin using modified Gualou Xiebai Banxia Decoction （瓜蒌薤白半夏汤） and Sheng Mai Powder （生脉散）. This framework offers new perspectives for the differentiation and treatment of atherosclerotic plaques in traditional Chinese medicine.

[Objective]To explore the pattern,symptom and treatment of Ge pulse,thus promoting the application of pulse diagnosis in clinical practice.[Methods]Through literature collation and theoretical analysis,this study traced the historical evolution of Ge pulse from the Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases,reviewed interpretations by various physicians,analyzed the mechanism and characteristics of Ge pulse based on ZHANG Zhongjing's original texts,and summarized four treatment methods,supplemented with case studies.[Results]Ge pulse is characterized by a wiry and large pulse with a weak feeling upon pressure.It reflects a severe condition of internal deficiency and cold,accompanied with dispersion of vital essence,commonly seen in asthenia-related diseases such as blood loss,spermatorrhea,miscarriage and persistent uterine bleeding.ZHANG Zhongjing's treatment methods include:astringing essence with mineral drugs,relieving exterior without inducing profuse sweating,treating according to pathological manifestations,and continuously tonifying deficiency and nourishing essence.Three clinical cases demonstrated that Ge pulse could present in various conditions such as hematochezia,jaundice and febrile diseases with deficiency,all effectively treated with corresponding formulas.[Conclusion]Ge pulse is a critical pulse pattern indicating severe asthenia.Its diagnostic significance and therapeutic system are clear.Clarifying its pattern and corresponding treatment expands the understanding of traditional pulse diagnosis and enhances clinical management of deficiency-related disorders.

[Objective]To explore the pattern,symptom and treatment of Ge pulse,thus promoting the application of pulse diagnosis in clinical practice.[Methods]Through literature collation and theoretical analysis,this study traced the historical evolution of Ge pulse from the Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases,reviewed interpretations by various physicians,analyzed the mechanism and characteristics of Ge pulse based on ZHANG Zhongjing's original texts,and summarized four treatment methods,supplemented with case studies.[Results]Ge pulse is characterized by a wiry and large pulse with a weak feeling upon pressure.It reflects a severe condition of internal deficiency and cold,accompanied with dispersion of vital essence,commonly seen in asthenia-related diseases such as blood loss,spermatorrhea,miscarriage and persistent uterine bleeding.ZHANG Zhongjing's treatment methods include:astringing essence with mineral drugs,relieving exterior without inducing profuse sweating,treating according to pathological manifestations,and continuously tonifying deficiency and nourishing essence.Three clinical cases demonstrated that Ge pulse could present in various conditions such as hematochezia,jaundice and febrile diseases with deficiency,all effectively treated with corresponding formulas.[Conclusion]Ge pulse is a critical pulse pattern indicating severe asthenia.Its diagnostic significance and therapeutic system are clear.Clarifying its pattern and corresponding treatment expands the understanding of traditional pulse diagnosis and enhances clinical management of deficiency-related disorders.