Objective:To investigate the association of malnutrition based on Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria with the disease activity and clinical outcomes in hospitalized ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.Methods:Clinical data of 115 patients with UC hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from September 2019 to March 2023 were prospectively analyzed. GLIM and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) 2015 criteria were used for the diagnosis of malnutrition, allowing the analysis of consistency between two diagnostic criteria for malnutrition. The relationship between malnutrition based on GLIM criteria and disease activity and clinical outcome was further investigated. The risk factors of adverse clinical outcomes in UC patients were analyzed using binary logistic regression.Results:GLIM and ESPEN 2015 diagnostic criteria showed high correlation and consistency (AUC=0.875, P<0.001; K=0.809, P<0.001). According to GLIM criteria, the prevalence of malnutrition among hospitalized UC patients was 32.17% (37 cases). Compared with non-malnourished UC patients, the modified Mayo score and C-reactive protein level of malnutrition patients were higher ( P<0.005), and the proportion of patients with severe disease activity was higher ( P=0.005). UC patients in the malnourished group had longer hospital stay ( P<0.001), higher hospitalization costs ( P<0.001), and higher rates of drug escalation/conversion therapy, re-admission and surgery at 12 weeks and 54 weeks ( P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that a high Mayo score ( OR=3.606, P=0.016), a high modified Mayo score ( OR=1.346, P=0.009) and malnutrition ( OR=1.430, P=0.012) were independent risk factors for adverse clinical outcomes of hospitalized UC patients at 12 weeks. A high modified Mayo score ( OR=6.491, P=0.011) and malnutrition as per GLIM criteria ( OR=6.693, P=0.033) were independent risk factors for adverse clinical outcomes of hospitalized UC patients at 54 weeks. Conclusions:GLIM and ESPEN 2015 diagnostic criteria show high consistency in the diagnosis of malnutrition in hospitalized UC inpatients. Malnutrition may imply adverse clinical outcomes of hospitalized UC patients, which is an independent risk factor for the adverse clinical outcome of hospitalized UC patients.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of linaclotide(LIN) combined with polyethylene glycol(PEG) for bowel preparation in patients with functional constipation (FC).Methods:From August 1, 2022 to April 30, 2023, a total of 300 patients with FC (FC group) and 300 subjects with non-functional constipation (NFC, NFC group) undergoing colonoscopy at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were selected. According to simple random sampling method, both FC group and NFC group were divided into 3 L PEG subgroup, 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroup, and 2 L PEG+ LIN subgroup, respectively, with 100 cases in each group and a total of 6 subgroups. All subjects were enrolled based on a random number table and received the corresponding bowel preparation protocols. The Ottawa bowel preparation score (OBPS) and the rate of adequate bowel preparation were calculated. Ordered logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of OBPS. The incidence of adverse events (such as bloating) and the repetition rate of regimen intention were analyzed. One-way ANOVA, least significant difference analysis, and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis.Results:The OBPS of the 3 L PEG subgroup, 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroup, and 2 L PEG+ LIN subgroup in the FC group were 6.06±1.67, 3.86±2.20, and 4.06±2.03, respectively, while the OBPS of the 3 corresponding subgroups in the NFC group were 5.08±1.92, 3.42±2.04, and 3.63±1.93, respectively. The OBPS scores of the 2 L PEG+ LIN and 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroups in FC and NFC group were lower than those of the 3 L PEG subgroup within the respective group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=7.16, 7.55, 4.59, and 6.06; all P<0.001). The rates of adequate bowel preparation of the 3 L PEG subgroup, 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroup, and 2 L PEG+ LIN subgroup in the FC group were 83.0% (78/94), 95.6% (87/91), and 96.8% (92/95), respectively, while the rates of adequate bowel preparation of the 3 subgroups in the NFC group were 88.0% (88/100), 96.9%(94/97), and 97.0%(96/99), respectively. The rates of adequate bowel preparation of 2 L PEG+ LIN and 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroups in FC and NFC group were higher than those of the 3 L PEG subgroup in the respective group, and the differences were statistically significant( χ2=10.04, 7.64, 5.74, and 5.55, P=0.001, 0.008, 0.029, 0.029). The FC group was divided into 2 L PEG+ LIN compared to 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroup, as well as 3 L PEG+ LIN compared to 3 L PEG subgroup for ordinal logistic regression analysis, and the result showed that the bowel preparation regimen was an independent influencing factor for OBPS ( OR=0.940 and 3.072, 95% confidence interval 0.368 to 1.483 and 1.564 to 3.252; both P<0.001). The incidence of abdominal distension of the 3 L PEG subgroup in FC group and NFC group was higher than that of the 2 L PEG+ LIN subgroup in the respective group (11.7%(11/94) vs. 3.2%(3/95), 12.0%(12/100) vs. 4.0%(4/99)), and the differences were statistically significant( χ2=5.03 and 4.26, P=0.028 and 0.045). The repetition rates of regimen intention of the 2 L PEG+ LIN and 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroups in FC and NFC groups were higher than that of the 3 L PEG subgroup in respective group (93.7%(89/95), 93.4%(85/91) vs. 80.9%(76/94); 92.9%(92/99), 92.8%(90/97) vs. 82.0%(82/100)), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=5.25, 8.70, 4.31, and 5.40; P=0.009, 0.015, 0.020, and 0.023). Conclusions:The 2 L PEG+ LIN regimen can effectively decrease OBPS, improve qualified rate of bowel preparation and repetition rate of regimen intention, and reduce adverse events and the amount of fluid intake, in order to improve the tolerance and compliance of patients. Therefore, the 2 L PEG+ LIN regimen is recommended as a bowel preparation for colonoscopy in patients with FC.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of linaclotide(LIN) combined with polyethylene glycol(PEG) for bowel preparation in patients with functional constipation (FC).Methods:From August 1, 2022 to April 30, 2023, a total of 300 patients with FC (FC group) and 300 subjects with non-functional constipation (NFC, NFC group) undergoing colonoscopy at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were selected. According to simple random sampling method, both FC group and NFC group were divided into 3 L PEG subgroup, 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroup, and 2 L PEG+ LIN subgroup, respectively, with 100 cases in each group and a total of 6 subgroups. All subjects were enrolled based on a random number table and received the corresponding bowel preparation protocols. The Ottawa bowel preparation score (OBPS) and the rate of adequate bowel preparation were calculated. Ordered logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of OBPS. The incidence of adverse events (such as bloating) and the repetition rate of regimen intention were analyzed. One-way ANOVA, least significant difference analysis, and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis.Results:The OBPS of the 3 L PEG subgroup, 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroup, and 2 L PEG+ LIN subgroup in the FC group were 6.06±1.67, 3.86±2.20, and 4.06±2.03, respectively, while the OBPS of the 3 corresponding subgroups in the NFC group were 5.08±1.92, 3.42±2.04, and 3.63±1.93, respectively. The OBPS scores of the 2 L PEG+ LIN and 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroups in FC and NFC group were lower than those of the 3 L PEG subgroup within the respective group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=7.16, 7.55, 4.59, and 6.06; all P<0.001). The rates of adequate bowel preparation of the 3 L PEG subgroup, 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroup, and 2 L PEG+ LIN subgroup in the FC group were 83.0% (78/94), 95.6% (87/91), and 96.8% (92/95), respectively, while the rates of adequate bowel preparation of the 3 subgroups in the NFC group were 88.0% (88/100), 96.9%(94/97), and 97.0%(96/99), respectively. The rates of adequate bowel preparation of 2 L PEG+ LIN and 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroups in FC and NFC group were higher than those of the 3 L PEG subgroup in the respective group, and the differences were statistically significant( χ2=10.04, 7.64, 5.74, and 5.55, P=0.001, 0.008, 0.029, 0.029). The FC group was divided into 2 L PEG+ LIN compared to 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroup, as well as 3 L PEG+ LIN compared to 3 L PEG subgroup for ordinal logistic regression analysis, and the result showed that the bowel preparation regimen was an independent influencing factor for OBPS ( OR=0.940 and 3.072, 95% confidence interval 0.368 to 1.483 and 1.564 to 3.252; both P<0.001). The incidence of abdominal distension of the 3 L PEG subgroup in FC group and NFC group was higher than that of the 2 L PEG+ LIN subgroup in the respective group (11.7%(11/94) vs. 3.2%(3/95), 12.0%(12/100) vs. 4.0%(4/99)), and the differences were statistically significant( χ2=5.03 and 4.26, P=0.028 and 0.045). The repetition rates of regimen intention of the 2 L PEG+ LIN and 3 L PEG+ LIN subgroups in FC and NFC groups were higher than that of the 3 L PEG subgroup in respective group (93.7%(89/95), 93.4%(85/91) vs. 80.9%(76/94); 92.9%(92/99), 92.8%(90/97) vs. 82.0%(82/100)), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=5.25, 8.70, 4.31, and 5.40; P=0.009, 0.015, 0.020, and 0.023). Conclusions:The 2 L PEG+ LIN regimen can effectively decrease OBPS, improve qualified rate of bowel preparation and repetition rate of regimen intention, and reduce adverse events and the amount of fluid intake, in order to improve the tolerance and compliance of patients. Therefore, the 2 L PEG+ LIN regimen is recommended as a bowel preparation for colonoscopy in patients with FC.

Objective:To construct a quantitatively diagnostic nomogram model by analyzing the clinical information of patients and the features of multi-modality ultrasound images of thyroid lesions, so as to preoperatively predict the malignant probability of suspicious thyroid nodules and provide effective references for clinical decision-making.Methods:A total of 933 patients, 1 121 thyroid nodules of C-TIRADS 3-5 categories, who underwent surgery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from September 1, 2020 to June 10, 2021 were collected. The nodules were randomly divided into training ( n=897) and test groups ( n=224) in 8∶2 ratio. Finally, the diagnostic performance was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC). Results:①After preliminary screening by univariate analysis, multivariate analysis showed that age, echogenicity, orientation, echogenic foci, margin, posterior features, and elastic score were significantly correlated with benign and malignant nodules (all P<0.001), and the difference of halo between benign and malignant nodules was also statistically significant ( P=0.012). ②The AUC of nomogram was up to 0.903(95% CI=0.862-0.944) in the test set, and 0.889(95% CI=0.832-0.946) and 0.960(95% CI=0.925-0.994) in nodules with maximum diameter of ≤10 mm and of >10 mm respectively, which showed high diagnostic performance. Conclusions:The nomogram model could accurately differentiate malignant from benign thyroid nodules preoperatively, with the highest diagnostic performance for the nodules with maximum diameter of >10 mm, and effectively avoid the unnecessary fine-needle biopsy and surgical operation.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combining electrical stimulation with manual massage in treating women′s myofascial pelvic pain (MPPS). Methods: A total of 93 MPPS patients were recruited and randomly divided into an infrared irradiation group (n=30), an electrical stimulation group (n=31) and a combination group (n=32). Those in the infrared group and the electrical stimulation group were given 30 minutes of infrared irradiation or electrical stimulation daily for 10 days, while the combined group was given a manual massage with electrical stimulation. The response to treatment was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) to rate discomfort, plus a physical examination, and surface electromyography results using Glazer′s protocol. The treatments′ efficacy and the recurrence of pain were evaluated 1 month after the treatment. Results: The average VAS ratings, resting potentials and their variability of the three groups all improved significantly after the treatment. The average VAS scores of the combined and electrical stimulation groups after the treatment were significantly lower than that of the infrared group. Moreover, the total effective rates of the combined group (96.87%) and the electrical stimulation group (80.65%) were significantly higher than that of the infrared group (56.67%), and the resting potential and variability of the former two groups were also significantly better. All of the above measurements among the combined group after the treatment were significantly better, on average, than in the electrical stimulation group. A month later the recurrence rate in the combined group (6.25%) was significantly lower than in the electrical stimulation group (25.81%) and the infrared group (56.67%). Conclusion Electrical stimulation combined with manual massage is effective in relieving myofascial pelvic pain.

OBJECTIVETo study the dynamic accumulations of bioactive components in different germplasm Isatis indigotica and compare its quality of medical material, in order to provide a basis for breeding and high yield cultivation of I. indigotica.

METHODThe planting samples were collected during growth period, bioactive components in different germplasm Isatis indigotica were measured.

RESULTThe dynamic accumulations of bioactive components in different germplasm I. indigotica were consistently changed in a field experiment. The differences of bioactive components contents in medical material of I. indigotica were significant.

CONCLUSIONThe germplasm from Gansu Longxi showed a high yield and good quality characters in Fuyang area, and may be applied to production.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; standards ; Isatis ; metabolism ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVETo study the growth characteristics of different germplasm and analyze the correlation between morphologic and individual yield of Isatis indigotica.

METHODThe planting samples were collected during the growth period, morphological characteristics and root yield per plant in 13 germplasm of I. indigotica from all over the country were determined by correlation and path analysis.

RESULTThe growth characteristics of various I. indigotica germplasm were consistent. The difference of morphological characteristics and root yield with various germplasm were significant. The root yield per plant was positively correlated to the main root length and the number of individual plant leaves.

CONCLUSIONThe number of leaves per plant and root length are selected for high-yield lines, meanwhile, leaf length and leaf diameter are important factors for breeding high-yield lines as well.

Biomass ; China ; Isatis ; anatomy & histology ; genetics ; growth & development ; Plant Leaves ; anatomy & histology ; genetics ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; anatomy & histology ; genetics ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of sowing date on morphologic characteristics, yield and quality of Radix Isatidis, in order to provide a basis for selection of the suitable sowing date.

METHODThe experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design arranged in split plot, the phonological period of Isatis indigotica was investigated and the morphological indexes, yield and quality at harvest were measured and determined by correlation and variance analysis.

RESULTThe different sowing dates showed a great effect on phonological period of I. indigotica. The biological characteristics, yield and active components of Radix Isatidis were negatively correlated with the sowing date, and the difference of morphological characteristics, yield and active compositions with sowing date was significant.

CONCLUSIONThe suitable sowing date of I. indigotica was during the period of time from late March to beginning of the April in Fuyang area, and considering the factors of rational rotation, the time cloud delayed until late May to the beginning of June.

Agriculture ; methods ; Biomass ; Isatis ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Seasons ; Time Factors