To investigate the clinical value of cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT) technology in the assessment of the right ventricle function in patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs)-related myocarditis.

Objective To explore and identify the nutritional/inflammatory indicator with the highest predictive potential for overall survival(OS)in postoperative tumor patients so as to provide guidance for postoperative rehabilitation of tumor patients.Methods Data from 3 191 surgical patients were collected,including 15 nutritional/inflammatory indicators.The maximum selection rank statistic method was used to calculate the optimal cut-off values for continuous indicators.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess OS,and Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the association between the aforementioned 15 indicators and survival.The predictive value of these 15 indicators was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and C-index.Results Multivariate analysis showed that all 15 indicators were significantly associated with poorer OS in surgical patients(P＜0.05 for all).Time-dependent area under the curve(AUC)and C-index analysis indicated that 3 indicators with the highest predictive potential in OS in postoperative tumor patients were the nutritional risk index(NRI)(C-index:0.597),C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio(CAR)(C-index:0.587),and C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio(CLR)(C-index:0.587).The optimal cut-off value for NRI was determined to be 104.31(i.e.,NRI＜104.31 suggests malnutrition)with the maximum selection rank statistic method,the optimal cut-off value for CAR to be 0.05(i.e.,CAR≥0.05 suggests a strong inflammatory response,often accompanied by malnutrition),and the optimal cut-off value for CLR to be 1.18(i.e.,CLR≥1.18 suggests a strong inflammatory response).Subgroup analysis indicated that NRI,CAR,and CLR had good correlation with tumor staging,and there were significant differences between tumor node metastasis(TNM)Ⅲ/Ⅳ stage patients and TNM Ⅰ/Ⅱ stage patients when there was a strong inflammatory response or malnutrition.Conclusion In postoperative tumor patients,NRI,CLR,and CAR have high prognostic value.Combining these with the patient's clinical stage,it enables more precise guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Objective:To construct an infectious clone of a Chinese HIV-1 CRF01_AE epidemic strain with strong replication capacity，and comprehensively identify its viral phenotype and replication capacity.Methods:Using the CRF01_AE clinical isolate GX2005002，which was previously isolated from whole blood of an HIV-1-infected individual in China by our laboratory，as the parental strain，the full-length genome of the virus（9.7 kb）was divided into 5' half fragment（5.1 kb）and 3' half fragment（4.6 kb）for amplification. The proviral DNA was used as a template to amplify the virus genome，which was then ligated into the eukaryotic expression vector pEASY-T1. The consistency of its sequence with the parental strain sequence was identified through full-length genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The replication capacity，syncytium inducibility，and cell tropism were experimentally identified to determine its phenotypic consistency with the parental strain.Results:An infectious clone of the CRF01_AE strain was successfully constructed，and its genome sequence exhibited high consistency with the sequence of the parental strain. By transfecting target cells，a derivative virus with infectious activity and replication capability was successfully rescued. The derived virus maintained phenotypic characteristics consistent with the parental strain，such as cell tropism and syncytium inducibility.Conclusion:This study successfully constructed an infectious clone of a Chinese HIV-1 CRF01_AE epidemic strain with clear background and distinct phenotype. The genomic sequence and viral phenotypic characteristics of the derived virus are basically consistent with the parental strain，providing strong representation of the original isolate and serving as a powerful tool for research on the correlation between the genetic characteristics，viral phenotype，and pathogenicity of HIV-1 CRF01_AE strains.

Objective To explore and identify the nutritional/inflammatory indicator with the highest predictive potential for overall survival(OS)in postoperative tumor patients so as to provide guidance for postoperative rehabilitation of tumor patients.Methods Data from 3 191 surgical patients were collected,including 15 nutritional/inflammatory indicators.The maximum selection rank statistic method was used to calculate the optimal cut-off values for continuous indicators.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess OS,and Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the association between the aforementioned 15 indicators and survival.The predictive value of these 15 indicators was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and C-index.Results Multivariate analysis showed that all 15 indicators were significantly associated with poorer OS in surgical patients(P＜0.05 for all).Time-dependent area under the curve(AUC)and C-index analysis indicated that 3 indicators with the highest predictive potential in OS in postoperative tumor patients were the nutritional risk index(NRI)(C-index:0.597),C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio(CAR)(C-index:0.587),and C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio(CLR)(C-index:0.587).The optimal cut-off value for NRI was determined to be 104.31(i.e.,NRI＜104.31 suggests malnutrition)with the maximum selection rank statistic method,the optimal cut-off value for CAR to be 0.05(i.e.,CAR≥0.05 suggests a strong inflammatory response,often accompanied by malnutrition),and the optimal cut-off value for CLR to be 1.18(i.e.,CLR≥1.18 suggests a strong inflammatory response).Subgroup analysis indicated that NRI,CAR,and CLR had good correlation with tumor staging,and there were significant differences between tumor node metastasis(TNM)Ⅲ/Ⅳ stage patients and TNM Ⅰ/Ⅱ stage patients when there was a strong inflammatory response or malnutrition.Conclusion In postoperative tumor patients,NRI,CLR,and CAR have high prognostic value.Combining these with the patient's clinical stage,it enables more precise guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Objective:To construct an infectious clone of a Chinese HIV-1 CRF01_AE epidemic strain with strong replication capacity，and comprehensively identify its viral phenotype and replication capacity.Methods:Using the CRF01_AE clinical isolate GX2005002，which was previously isolated from whole blood of an HIV-1-infected individual in China by our laboratory，as the parental strain，the full-length genome of the virus（9.7 kb）was divided into 5' half fragment（5.1 kb）and 3' half fragment（4.6 kb）for amplification. The proviral DNA was used as a template to amplify the virus genome，which was then ligated into the eukaryotic expression vector pEASY-T1. The consistency of its sequence with the parental strain sequence was identified through full-length genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The replication capacity，syncytium inducibility，and cell tropism were experimentally identified to determine its phenotypic consistency with the parental strain.Results:An infectious clone of the CRF01_AE strain was successfully constructed，and its genome sequence exhibited high consistency with the sequence of the parental strain. By transfecting target cells，a derivative virus with infectious activity and replication capability was successfully rescued. The derived virus maintained phenotypic characteristics consistent with the parental strain，such as cell tropism and syncytium inducibility.Conclusion:This study successfully constructed an infectious clone of a Chinese HIV-1 CRF01_AE epidemic strain with clear background and distinct phenotype. The genomic sequence and viral phenotypic characteristics of the derived virus are basically consistent with the parental strain，providing strong representation of the original isolate and serving as a powerful tool for research on the correlation between the genetic characteristics，viral phenotype，and pathogenicity of HIV-1 CRF01_AE strains.

Background::Few evidence is available in the early prediction models of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study aimed to develop and validate a novel genetic-clinical-radiological nomogram for evaluating BPSD in patients with AD and explore its underlying nutritional mechanism.Methods::This retrospective study included 165 patients with AD from the Chinese Imaging, Biomarkers, and Lifestyle (CIBL) cohort between June 1, 2021, and March 31, 2022. Data on demographics, neuropsychological assessments, single-nucleotide polymorphisms of AD risk genes, and regional brain volumes were collected. A multivariate logistic regression model identified BPSD-associated factors, for subsequently constructing a diagnostic nomogram. This nomogram was internally validated through 1000-bootstrap resampling and externally validated using a time-series split based on the CIBL cohort data between June 1, 2022, and February 1, 2023. Area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to assess the discrimination, calibration, and clinical applicability of the nomogram.Results::Factors independently associated with BPSD were: CETP rs1800775 (odds ratio [OR] = 4.137, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.276-13.415, P = 0.018), decreased Mini Nutritional Assessment score (OR = 0.187, 95% CI: 0.086-0.405, P <0.001), increased caregiver burden inventory score (OR = 8.993, 95% CI: 3.830-21.119, P <0.001), and decreased brain stem volume (OR = 0.006, 95% CI: 0.001-0.191, P = 0.004). These variables were incorporated into the nomogram. The area under the ROC curve was 0.925 (95% CI: 0.884-0.967, P <0.001) in the internal validation and 0.791 (95% CI: 0.686-0.895, P <0.001) in the external validation. The calibration plots showed favorable consistency between the prediction of nomogram and actual observations, and the DCA showed that the model was clinically useful in both validations. Conclusion::A novel nomogram was established and validated based on lipid metabolism-related genes, nutritional status, and brain stem volumes, which may allow patients with AD to benefit from early triage and more intensive monitoring of BPSD.Registration::Chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR2100049131.

Objective: Investigate osteogenic differentiation of canine periodontal ligament stem cells ( cPDLSCs) via over-expression ephrinB2 in cPDLSCs． Methods : cPDLSCs were isolated from the premolars and molars of Beagle．After transfected with EfnB2-GFP-Bsd and GFP-Bsd empty Vector，cPDLSCs were induced to osteogenic differentiation．Western blot was used to invest the expression of ephrinB2 protein．The effect of osteogenic differentiation of EfnB2-cPDLSCs and Vector-cPDLSCs were analyzed by RT-PCR , CCK-8，Alizarin-red S staining and ALP. Results: There was no significant difference in cell proliferation between EfnB2-cPDLSCs and Vector-cPDLSCs．While EfnB2-cPDLSCs displayed an enhanced ALP activity and more prominent mineralized nodules compared with Vector-cPDLSCs．The odonto-/ osteogenic genes in EfnB2-cPDLSCs were also highly enhanced． Conclusion The results of our study indicated that ephrinB2 gene-transfected cPDLSCs showed enhanced osteogenic differentiation.

Objective:To screen the HIV standard strains with typical biological characteristics of HIV strains circulating in China through the isolation, culture, genotype and phenotype identification of HIV from the whole blood samples of HIV-infected persons, confirm genetic characteristics, traceability, and in line with the Standard Strains of Pathogenic Microorganism-technical Specifications for Establishment of HIV Strains (T/CPMA 027—2023).Methods:Whole blood samples were collected from 48 HIV infected patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from the samples and co-cultured with PBMCs isolated from healthy persons′ whole blood samples to isolate and culture HIV from infected persons. We determined concentration of p24 antigen and the virus titer in the culture supernatant. The viral RNA was extracted from the successfully isolated strains, and the gag, pol genes and env C2V3 fragments of the viral genome were amplified and sequenced. The genotype, gene recombination and drug resistance sites were determined according to the viral gene sequences. Virus infection and replication were monitored by inoculating the virus culture supernatant into Ghost cells expressing CCR5 or CXCR4 to determine the viral tropism.The formation of syncytium was observed by inoculating the virus culture supernatant into MT-2 cells to determine whether was a syncytium-induced phenotype. Results:Fourteen strains with p24 antigen concentration > 1 ng/ml in culture supernatant were isolated and cultured from 48 fresh EDTA anticoagulated whole blood samples of HIV infected persons. Of the 14 strains, only one strain with a titer≥10 5 TCID 50/ml, 8 strains with titers ≥10 4 TCID 50/ml, and the other 5 strains with titers≥10 3 TCID 50/ml. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genotypes of the strains were 9 strains of subtype B, 3 strains of CRF01_AE and 2 strains of CRF07_BC recombinant. Genotypic resistance analysis showed that 11 strains contained drug resistance sites. Ghost cells were used to verify the tropism of the strains, and it was found that 8 strains were CCR5 tropism, 6 strains were CXCR4 & CCR5 dual tropism. Only 2 of the 14 strains could induce MT-2 cytopathic effect, which was syncytium-inducing phenotype. Conclusions:Fourteen HIV strains with typical biological and genetic characteristics were isolated to screen the standard HIV strains. Among which, 1 strain was evaluated as a standard HIV strain that meets the Standard Strains of Pathogenic Microorganism-technical Specifications for Establishment of HIV Strains (T/CPMA 027—2023). This study can also provide technical guidance for the screening of the HIV standard strains. Next step is to complete the application and reserve database construction according to the sharing mechanism of the HIV standard strains, to provide resources for the researches of HIV vaccines and drugs.

BACKGROUND: Perioperative treatment has become an increasingly important aspect of the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Small-scale clinical studies performed in recent years have shown improvements in the major pathological remission rate after neoadjuvant therapy, suggesting that it will soon become an important part of NSCLC treatment. Nevertheless, neoadjuvant immunotherapy may be accompanied by serious adverse reactions that lead to delay or cancelation of surgery, additional illness, and even death, and have therefore attracted much attention. The purpose of the clinical recommendations is to form a diagnosis and treatment plan suitable for the current domestic medical situation for the immune-related adverse event (irAE). METHODS: This recommendation is composed of experts in thoracic surgery, oncologists, thoracic medicine and irAE related departments (gastroenterology, respirology, cardiology, infectious medicine, hematology, endocrinology, rheumatology, neurology, dermatology, emergency section) to jointly complete the formulation. Experts make full reference to the irAE guidelines, large-scale clinical research data published by thoracic surgery, and the clinical experience of domestic doctors and publicly published cases, and repeated discussions in multiple disciplines to form this recommendation for perioperative irAE. RESULTS: This clinical recommendation covers the whole process of prevention, evaluation, examination, treatment and monitoring related to irAE, so as to guide the clinical work comprehensively and effectively. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative irAE management is an important part of immune perioperative treatment of lung cancer. With the continuous development of immune perioperative treatment, more research is needed in the future to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of perioperative irAE.

The clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has significantly improved the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. With the widespread applica-tion of ICIs in HCC, the management of immune-related adverse events (irAE) gained more and more attention. However, the complicated disease characteristics and various combination therapies in HCC throw out challenges to irAE management. Therefore, the editorial board of the 'Chinese expert consensus on the management of immune-related adverse events of hepatocellular carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (2021 edition)' organizes multidisciplinary experts to discuss and formulate this consensus. The consensus focuses on issues related to HCC irAE manage-ment, and puts forward suggestions, in order to improve standardized and safety clinical medication, so as to maximize the benefits of immunotherapy for patients.