Objective To investigate the correlation between PPARγ and female interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and to establish a predictive model. Methods Clinical data were collected from 89 female IC/BPS patients (observational group) admitted to the hospital from June 2022 to December 2023,and 90 healthy female volunteers undergoing physical examinations during the same period (control group). Plasma levels of inflammatory factors,total antioxidant capacity (TAC),total glutathione (GSH),malondialdehyde (MDA),and PPARγ levels were measured. Significant clinical features were identified using LASSO regression and fitted into a multivariate logistic regression model. The diagnostic efficacy was assessed through receiver operat-ing characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Compared to the control group,the observation group exhibited signifi-cantly elevated age,BMI,NLR,absolute neutrophil count,IFN-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α and CD3+CD4+T expression levels,while absolute lymphocyte count,IL-10,TAC,GSH and plasma PPARγ expression levels were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). LASSO regression identified 8 variables,including NLR,IFN-α,absolute neutrophil count,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,CD3+CD4+T and PPARγ,which were incorporated into the predictive model. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis revealed that elevated levels of IL-1β,TNF-α and CD3+CD4+T cells,along with reduced PPARγ levels,were independent risk factors for IC/BPS. ROC curve analy-sis indicated that the diagnostic efficacy of the combined PPARγ and clinical parameters (age,IL-1β,TNF-α and CD3+CD4+T) (AUC=0.901) was superior to PPARγ alone (AUC=0.839). Conclusion Plasma PPARγ levels are significantly reduced in female IC/BPS patients and serve as a potential diagnostic marker,with combined clinical parameters enhancing diagnostic accuracy.

Objective To investigate the correlation between PPARγ and female interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and to establish a predictive model. Methods Clinical data were collected from 89 female IC/BPS patients (observational group) admitted to the hospital from June 2022 to December 2023,and 90 healthy female volunteers undergoing physical examinations during the same period (control group). Plasma levels of inflammatory factors,total antioxidant capacity (TAC),total glutathione (GSH),malondialdehyde (MDA),and PPARγ levels were measured. Significant clinical features were identified using LASSO regression and fitted into a multivariate logistic regression model. The diagnostic efficacy was assessed through receiver operat-ing characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Compared to the control group,the observation group exhibited signifi-cantly elevated age,BMI,NLR,absolute neutrophil count,IFN-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α and CD3+CD4+T expression levels,while absolute lymphocyte count,IL-10,TAC,GSH and plasma PPARγ expression levels were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). LASSO regression identified 8 variables,including NLR,IFN-α,absolute neutrophil count,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,CD3+CD4+T and PPARγ,which were incorporated into the predictive model. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis revealed that elevated levels of IL-1β,TNF-α and CD3+CD4+T cells,along with reduced PPARγ levels,were independent risk factors for IC/BPS. ROC curve analy-sis indicated that the diagnostic efficacy of the combined PPARγ and clinical parameters (age,IL-1β,TNF-α and CD3+CD4+T) (AUC=0.901) was superior to PPARγ alone (AUC=0.839). Conclusion Plasma PPARγ levels are significantly reduced in female IC/BPS patients and serve as a potential diagnostic marker,with combined clinical parameters enhancing diagnostic accuracy.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the level of N-terminal pro-Brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)and cardiorespiratory fitness following acute exposure to high altitude.Methods Forty-six subjects were recruited from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University in June 2022,including 19 males and 27 females.After completing cardiopulmonary exercise test(CPET),serological detection of myocardial cell-related markers,and multiple metabolites at a plain altitude(300 meters above sea level),all subjects flew to a high-altitude location(3900 meters above sea level).Biomarker testing and CPET were repeated on the second and third days after arrival at high altitude.Changes in serum biomarker and key CPET indicators before and after rapid ascent to high altitude were compared,and the correlation between serum levels of various myocardial cell-related markers and metabolites and high altitude cardiorespiratory fitness was analyzed.Results Compared with the plain altitude,there was a significant decrease in maximal oxygen uptake after rapid ascent to high altitude[(25.41±6.20)ml/(kg.min)vs.(30.17±5.01)ml/(kg.min),P<0.001].Serum levels of NT-proBNP,Epinephrine(E),plasma renin activity(PRA),angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ),angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)and leptin(LEP)significantly increased,with all differences being statistically significant(P<0.05)after acute high altitude exposure.In contrast,no statistically significant differences were observed for creatine kinase MB(CK-MB),cardiac troponin I(cTnI),myoglobin(Myo)and norepinephrine(NE)(P>0.05).Correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between NT-proBNP at plain altitude(r=-0.768,P<0.001)and at high altitude(r=-0.791,P<0.001)with maximal oxygen uptake at high altitude.Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that maximal oxygen uptake at plain altitude(t=2.069,P=0.045),NT-proBNP at plain altitude(t=-2.436,P=0.020)and at high altitude(t=-3.578,P=0.001)were independent influencing factors of cardiorespiratory fitness at high altitude.Conclusion Cardiorespiratory fitness significantly decreases after rapid ascent to high altitude,and the baseline NT-proBNP level at plain altitude is closely related to cardiorespiratory fitness at high altitude,making it a potential predictor indicator for high altitude cardiorespiratory fitness.

Purpose: This study investigated the value of synchronous tele-ultrasonography (TUS) for naive operators in thyroid ultrasonography (US) examinations. Methods: Ninety-seven patients were included in this prospective, parallel-controlled trial. Thyroid scanning and diagnosis were completed by resident A independently, resident B with guidance from a US expert through synchronous TUS, and an on-site US expert. The on-site expert’s findings constituted the reference standard. Two other off-site US experts analyzed all data in a blind manner. Inter-operator consistency between the two residents and the on-site US expert for thyroid size measurements, nodule measurements, nodule features, American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) categories, and image quality was compared. Two questionnaires were completed to evaluate the clinical benefit. Results: Resident B detected more nodules consistent with the on-site expert than resident A did (89.4% vs. 56.5%, P<0.001). Resident B achieved excellent consistency with the on-site expert in terms of ACR TI-RADS categories, nodule composition, shape, echogenic foci, and vascularity (all intra-class correlation coefficients [ICCs] >0.75), while resident A achieved lower consistency in ACR TI-RADS categories, composition, echogenicity, margin, echogenic foci, and vascularity (all ICCs 0.40-0.75). Residents A and B had excellent consistency in target nodule measurements (all ICCs >0.75). Resident B achieved better performance than resident A for gray values, time gain compensation, depth, color Doppler adjustment, and the visibility of key information (all P<0.05). Furthermore, 61.9% (60/97) of patients accepted synchronous TUS, and 59.8% (58/97) patients were willing to pay for it. Conclusion Synchronous TUS can help inexperienced residents achieve comparable thyroid diagnostic capability to a US expert.

Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent regulated cell death. Evidence of its existence and the effects of its inhibitors on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is still lacking. In the present study, we found that liproxstatin-1 protected HT22 cells against hemin-induced injury by protecting mitochondrial functions and ameliorating lipid peroxidation. In in vivo experiments, we demonstrated the presence of characteristic shrunken mitochondria in ipsilateral cortical neurons after SAH. Moreover, liproxstatin-1 attenuated the neurological deficits and brain edema, reduced neuronal cell death, and restored the redox equilibrium after SAH. The inhibition of ferroptosis by liproxstatin-1 was associated with the preservation of glutathione peroxidase 4 and the downregulation of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 as well as cyclooxygenase 2. In addition, liproxstatin-1 decreased the activation of microglia and the release of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. These data enhance our understanding of cell death after SAH and shed light on future preclinical studies.

ObjectiveTo establish a chronic stress inducing depressive disorder mouse model via chemical genetics， that helps to optimize the animal modeling method of chronic stress-induced depressive disorder. MethodsTo continuously stimulate the rostral ventrolateral medulla （RVLM） of mouse by chemical genetic method to mimic the response to chronic stress. The changes about behavior， blood pressure and major inflammatory factors of the animal models were correspondingly observed. ResultsThe mouse model was established successfully. One hour after intraperitoneal administration of CNO， diastolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure were significantly increased in the model group compared with the control. After four weeks of continuous administration， the total distance of movement， the total entering bouts， the distance and duration of the central area in the model group were significantly decreased compared with the control in the open field experiment. The results of sucrose preference and rotarod experiment suggested anhedonia and weakened motor coordination ability in the model group. The heart rate， blood pressure， expressions of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the model group were higher than those in the control. ConclusionsOur model developed classic symptoms of depressive disorder efficiently and stably， as well as accompanying symptoms such as high blood pressure and mussy release of inflammatory factors. It provides a valuable scientific basis for improving the efficiency and stability of animal modeling of chronic stress-induced depressive disorder.

BACKGROUND: Although more and more accurate and personalized detection and assistive tools are used in the field of orthopedics with the development of technology, the preoperative CT is still the first-line examination choice of many orthopedic surgeons. Therefore, to master the lumbar spine CT imaging performance is not only the basis of spine surgeons, but also the cornerstone of spinal nail surgery. OBJECTIVE: Through CT imaging technique, we measured the parameters of lumbar pedicle imaging, and understood its internal structure as the basis for the choice of screws, in order to improve the safety and accuracy of nail surgery. METHODS: Totally 36 cases without lumbar vertebrae-related disease undergoing lumbar vertebra and abdominal cavity CT scan were randomly selected, including 20 males and 16 females at the age of (43.3±12.3) years. PACS was used to reconstruct lumbar vertebrae, and the related imaging parameters were measured. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no significant difference between the left and right sides of the pedicle for paired t-test (P >0.05). (2) Pedicle sagittal angle had downward trend, the level of change was small; L4increased relative to L3; L5level was minimum at the average of -1.3°. Pedicle transverse angle had gradually increased trend, and maximum at L5; the average was 25.4°. (3) The length of the pedicle channel increased first and then decreased in the lumbar segment; the longest average was 52.2 mm in the L2segment, the shortest at L5, with an average of 47.4 mm. (4) The pedicle height was slightly narrowed at L1-L3levels; the smallest was 15.4 mm (L3mean), and reached the maximum in the L5at 22.7 mm (L5mean). Cancellous bone height also showed the same trend, the minimum in the L3at 10.2 mm, the maximum in the L5at 17.9 mm. (5) Lumbar pedicle width showed an upward trend, L1minimum of 7.7 mm, L5maximum of 12.5 mm. Cancellous bone width also became a similar upward trend; the narrowest L1, averagely 4.9 mm; the maximum L5, averagely 8.5 mm. (6) Overall, the upper lumbar pedicle channel was slender, while the lower lumbar spine was slightly short. (7) The parameters of the pedicle can be used as the basis for selecting the appropriate screw. At the same time, lumbar pedicle morphology has a certain difference, and there is a certain law. Accurately grasping its structure and image characteristics of pedicle screw fixation is the basis of surgery. The preoperative imaging data collection and assessment, combined with the general situation of patients, and the development of personalized programming, will help in improving the safety and accuracy of screw placement.

Objective To explore the situation and question of standardized training of residents/graduate students in cardiac surgery by questionnaire survey. Methods From September 2010 to May 2012, 61 resident physicians/graduate students were chosen as research objects in Department of Cardiac Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital. A total of 61 questionnaires were sent out, with a recovery rate of 100%,and an effective rate of 95.1%.The contents of investigation included standardized training content design, standardized training management, the time and"environment" pressure, compliance training effect analysis,student opinion and others,a total of 14 options.EpiData 2.1a software was used to sort and record the data. SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The enumeration data were compared by chi square test.Results During the period of training,the most expected teaching method was"small lecture", accounting for 63.8%; The most difficult part of the process of cardiac surgery training was "postoperative care", accounting for 69%; 100% of the trainees thought that it would be helpful for future work through cardiac training;8.3% of the trainees thought the teachers of cardiac surgery teaching consciousness was not strong; resident weekend "in the hospital" was higher than the proportion of graduate students, and most graduate students chose weekend "in the experiment and research work", the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Appropriate standardized training program should be combined with the students' background; Teaching team construction and clinical reasonable and effective clinical skills train-ing system is an important link to ensure the quality of teaching.The combination of residents' standardized training and postgraduate education of professional degree remains to be tracked and evaluated in a long time.The feedback from all aspects of the training should be paid more attention to,and the training details should be improved.

Objective To evaluate the effect of different cleaners on the color stability of two silicone rubbers used for maxillofacial prosthesis,and to provide recommendations for clinical use.Methods Thirty skin-color columniform specimens(12 mm diameter,10 mm height)of two silicone rubber(A:A-2000;Z:ZY-1)were prepared,randomly divided into 6 groups according to the table of random number,and cleaned with the following solutions:isopropyl alcohol(I),three kinds of denture cleaners(P:Polident,S:Steradent,C:Cleansofi)and distilled water(D),simulating the total immersion time of 1 year (1,15,10,3 and 10 min each time respectively).Control group was kept in dark place without treatment.The L*,a*,b* value were tested before and after immersion.Then color difference value was calculated.Results Color differences were different among groups.Color difference in group I(A:2.15,Z:2.00)were significantly greater than that in any other group.There were no significant differences between groups using denture cleaner P(A:0.36,Z:0.36),C(A:0.42,Z:0.37)and S(A:0.33,Z:0.38),and group D(A:0.22,Z:0.23).Conclusions Isopropyl alcohol causes the most severe fading,and denture cleaners and distilled water cause obscure fading.

GPS was used in the snail survey of Nuanhuping marshland in Poyang Lake region and its application value was discussed. The results suggest that GPS which can measure the marshland area and survey area at real-time and draw electronic maps of snail situation rapidly, could realize the electronic and image management of the data from snail survey and provide more accurate information to the department in charge of schistosomiasis control.