Medical institutions, with their clinical practice foundation and abundant human use experience data, have become important carriers for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and the "cradles" of the preparation of new TCM. To effectively promote the transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and establish an effective evaluation index system for the transformation of new TCM conforming to the characteristics of TCM, consensus experts adopted the literature research, questionnaire survey, Delphi method, etc. By focusing on the policy and technical evaluation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions, a comprehensive evaluation from the dimensions of drug safety, efficacy, feasibility, and characteristic advantages was conducted, thus forming a comprehensive evaluation system with four primary indicators and 37 secondary indicators. The expert consensus reached aims to encourage medical institutions at all levels to continuously improve the high-quality research and development and transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and targeted at clinical needs, so as to provide a decision-making basis for the preparation, selection, cultivation, and transformation of new TCM for medical institutions, improve the development efficiency of new TCM, and precisely respond to the public medication needs.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional/standards* ; Humans ; Consensus ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Ophiopogonis Radix, a well-known Chinese herb, is dominantly cultivated in Zhejiang and Sichuan provinces, with the Zhejiang Ophiopogonis Radix acting as one of the eight Zhejiang-based traditional medical materials. Phytochemical studies have shown that Ophiopogonis Radix is rich in steroidal saponins, homoisoflavonoids, terpenoids, and polysaccharides, which collectively confer it with cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammation, anticancer, antioxidation, and immune regulation activities. Studies also show that Ophiopogonis Radix originated from Zhejiang and Sichuan is discriminated in both chemical components and clinical efficacy, while the existing reviews of Ophiopogonis Radix appear to pose a particular focus on Sichuan species, but not for Zhejiang origin. This article systematically summarizes the structures and bioactivities of the compounds sourced from Zhejiang Ophiopogonis Radix as well as its molecular pharmacognosy and it will set the stage for a comprehensive understanding of geo-authentic Ophiopogonis Radix.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Humans ; Animals ; Pharmacognosy ; Ophiopogon/chemistry* ; China

The condition of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) complicated by corona virus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is complex. sTBI can significantly increase the probability of COVID-19 developing into severe or critical stage, while COVID-19 can also increase the surgical risk of sTBI and the severity of postoperative lung lesions. There are many contradictions in the treatment process, which brings difficulties to the clinical treatment of such patients. Up to now, there are few clinical studies and therapeutic norms relevant to sTBI complicated by COVID-19. In order to standardize the clinical treatment of such patients, Critical Care Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Healthcare and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate the Chinese expert consensus on clinical treatment of adult patients with severe traumatic brain injury complicated by corona virus infection 2019 ( version 2023) based on the joint prevention and control mechanism scheme of the State Council and domestic and foreign literatures on sTBI and COVID-19 in the past 3 years of the international epidemic. Fifteen recommendations focused on emergency treatment, emergency surgery and comprehensive management were put forward to provide a guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of sTBI complicated by COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: To derive the Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome classification and subgroup syndrome characteristics of ischemic stroke patients. METHODS: By extracting the CM clinical electronic medical records (EMRs) of 7,170 hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke from 2016 to 2018 at Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Province, China, a patient similarity network (PSN) was constructed based on the symptomatic phenotype of the patients. Thereafter the efficient community detection method BGLL was used to identify subgroups of patients. Finally, subgroups with a large number of cases were selected to analyze the specific manifestations of clinical symptoms and CM syndromes in each subgroup. RESULTS: Seven main subgroups of patients with specific symptom characteristics were identified, including M3, M2, M1, M5, M0, M29 and M4. M3 and M0 subgroups had prominent posterior circulatory symptoms, while M3 was associated with autonomic disorders, and M4 manifested as anxiety; M2 and M4 had motor and motor coordination disorders; M1 had sensory disorders; M5 had more obvious lung infections; M29 had a disorder of consciousness. The specificity of CM syndromes of each subgroup was as follows. M3, M2, M1, M0, M29 and M4 all had the same syndrome as wind phlegm pattern; M3 and M0 both showed hyperactivity of Gan (Liver) yang pattern; M2 and M29 had similar syndromes, which corresponded to intertwined phlegm and blood stasis pattern and phlegm-stasis obstructing meridians pattern, respectively. The manifestations of CM syndromes often appeared in a combination of 2 or more syndrome elements. The most common combination of these 7 subgroups was wind-phlegm. The 7 subgroups of CM syndrome elements were specifically manifested as pathogenic wind, pathogenic phlegm, and deficiency pathogens. CONCLUSIONS There were 7 main symptom similarity-based subgroups in ischemic stroke patients, and their specific characteristics were obvious. The main syndromes were wind phlegm pattern and hyperactivity of Gan yang pattern.
Humans ; Syndrome ; Ischemic Stroke ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Liver ; Phenotype

[ Abstract] Objective To explore the role pathway and pattern of the Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and its mRNA interaction with microRNA (miRNAs) and circular RNA (circRNAs) at 0 hour and the 120 th hour in the rat liver regeneration. Methods The rat 2 / 3 hepatectomy (partial hepatectomy, PH) model was prepared as described by Higgins, the hepatocytes were isolated according to the method of Smedsrod et al, the expression changes of mRNA, miRNA and circRNA together named as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) were detected by the large-scale quantitative detection technology, the interaction network of ceRNA was constructed by Cytoscape 3. 2 software, and their correlation in expression and role were analyzed by ceRNA comprehensive analysis. Results It was found that at the 0 hour and the 120th hour PH, the ratio value of KLF4 mRNA showed 1. 00±0. 16 and 3. 14±0. 27, miR-881-3p displays 18. 30±1. 44 and 0. 47±0. 02, circRNA_20298 indicated 0. 32±0. 10 and 4. 24±0. 22, circRNA_14826 showed 0. 42±0. 13 and 0. 61±0. 08. At the same time, the four kinds of cell apoptosis-related genes adrenoceptor beta 2 (ADRB2), dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 (DDAH2), annexin A5 (ANXA5), ect, which were promoted in expression by KLF4, were down-regulated at 0 hour after PH, but the cell apoptosis-related genes synuclein gamma (SNCG), glutathione-disulfide reductase (GSR), FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 4 (FGD4), ect, which were inhibited in expression by KLF4, were up-regulated at 0 hour after PH. On the other hand, the cell apoptosis-related genes ANXA5 and thymosin beta 10 (TMSB10), which are promoted in expression by KLF4, were up-regulated at the 120th hour after PH, but the cell apoptosis-related genes chloride intracellular channel 4 (CLIC4) and ataxin 3 (ATXN3), ect, which were inhibited in expression by KLF4, were down-regulated at the 120th hour after PH. Conclusion The correlation in expression and role of the miRNAs, which are inhibited by circRNAs, KLF4, its mRNA is inhibited by miRNAs, and the cell apoptosis-related genes, which are regulated by KLF4, are helpful for the hepatocyte to be in active state 0 hour after PH and to be in apoptotic state 120-hour after PH.

Scutellaria baicalensis is a commonly used Chinese medicinal herb. In this study, we identified the germplasm resources of commercial S. baicalensis samples based on trnH-psbA, petA-psbJ, and ycf4-cemA sequences according to the available chloroplast genome sequencing results, and measured the content of baicalin by HPLC. Through the above means we determined the best DNA barcode that can be used to detect the germplasm resources and evaluate the quality of commercial S. baicalensis samples. A total of 104 samples were collected from 24 provinces, from which DNA was extracted for PCR amplification. The amplification efficiencies of trnH-psbA, petA-psbJ, and ycf4-cemA sequences were 100%, 59.62%, and 25.96%, respectively. The results of sequence analysis showed that 5, 4, and 2 haplotypes were identified based on trnH-psbA, petA-psbJ, and ycf4-cemA sequences, respectively. However, the sequences of haplotypes in commercial samples were different from that of the wild type, and the joint analysis of three fragments of S. baicalensis only identified 6 haplotypes. Furthermore, the phylogenetic analysis and genetic distance analysis indicated that trnH-psbA could be used to identify S. baicalensis from adulterants. The above analysis showed that trnH-psbA was the best fragment for identifying the germplasm resources of commercial S. baicalensis samples. We then analyzed the haplotypes(THap1-THap5) of commercial S. baicalensis samples based on trnH-psbA and found that THap2 was the main circulating haplotype of the commercial samples, accounting for 86.55% of the total samples, which indicated the scarce germplasm resources of commercial S. baicalensis samples. The content of baicalin in all the collected commercial S. baicalensis samples exceeded the standard in Chinese Pharmacopoeia and had significant differences(maximum of 12.21%) among samples, suggesting that the quality of commercial S. baicalensis samples varied considerably. However, there was no significant difference in baicalin content between different provinces or between different haplotypes. This study facilitates the establishment of the standard identification system for S. baicalensis, and can guide the commercial circulation and reasonable medication of S. baicalensis.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic/methods* ; DNA, Plant/genetics* ; Phylogeny ; Scutellaria baicalensis/genetics*

Objective:To analyze the incidence and epidemic characteristics of local cases infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Yangpu District of Shanghai， China， and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of coronavirus disease-19 （COVID-19）. Methods:Descriptive epidemiological methods were applied to analyze the epidemic data of all the patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Yangpu District of Shanghai， China. Results:A total of 9 local cases （7 males and 2 females） were documented in Yangpu District from January 30， 2020 to February 29， 2020. The average age was （48.56±13.85） years old. According to the body mass index， the patients with overweight and obesity accounted for 44.44% of the total cases. All the patients had fever at the onset and radiological findings of pneumonia by CT examination. They were diagnosed during January 24 and February 8， 2020. The median incubation period of the COVID-19 was 9 days and the median course was 22 days. Six cases had travel history in the epidemic areas and the other 3 cases had history of contact with confirmed cases. There were two familial clusters， both of which were husband-wife relationships. One cluster had a clear temporal sequence of onset， while the other one might be co-exposed or mutually infected. No new local case infected with SARS-CoV-2 was evident since February 8， 2020. Conclusion:All the local COVID-19 cases in Yangpu District have clear epidemiological exposure history. It warrants further attention to the family clustering SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Currently， containment of imported cases is crucial for the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effect of high tibial osteotomy combined with arthroscopic lateral retinacular release in the treatment of knee varus osteoarthritis. METHODS: From October 2017 to April 2019, a retrospective analysis was performed on 43 patients with knee varus osteoarthritis and lateral patellar compression syndrome treated by high tibial osteotomy combined with arthroscopic lateral retinacular release. There were 15 males and 28 females, aged 53 to 72(62.05±5.17) years. The visual analogue scale(VAS), Lysholm, and the knee range of motion were used to evaluate knee pain and functional recovery before operation, 2 weeks, 3 months and 12 months after operation. And the congruence angle (CA), patellar tilt angle (PTA), and femala-tibial angle (FTA) were measured respectively before and 12 months after operation to evaluate the congruence of patellar joint, and the improvement of line of gravity of lower limb. RESULTS: All 43 patients were followed up for more than 12 months, with a follow-up time of 14 to 28 (19.60±4.50) months. The VAS scores decreased from 6.65±0.65 before operation to 2.16±0.95, 0.51±0.77 and 0.33±0.64 at 2 weeks, 3 months and 12 months after operation, and the difference was statistically significant ( CONCLUSION High tibial osteotomy combined with arthroscopic lateral retinacular release can relieve weight-bearing pain in frontal axis and improve the function of knee in sagittal axis.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Joint/surgery* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery* ; Osteotomy ; Patella ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibia/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: Traditional Kamikawa anastomosis in digestive tract reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy can greatly decrease the anastomosis-related complications and reduce the incidence of reflux esophagitis, but its complexity limits the wide application. To decrease the complexity of Kamikawa anastomosis, the surgical team of Changzhi People's Hospital of Shanxi Changzhi Medical College improved this technique by using novel notion and reduced surgical procedures. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified Kamikawa anastomosis in digestive tract reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy. Methods: A descriptive cohort study was carried out. Case enrollment criteria: (1) upper gastric carcinoma or esophagogastric junction carcinoma without distant metastasis was confirmed by preoperative gastroscopic biopsy and imaging examination; (2) tumor diameter was less than 4 cm; (3) preoperative clinical staging was cT1-3N1M0. Exclusion criteria: (1) patients received preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy; (2) patients had severe heart or lung disease, or poor nutritional status so that they could not tolerate surgery. Clinical data of 25 patients with upper gastric carcinoma or esophagogastric junction carcinoma who underwent modified Kamikawa anastomosis in digestive tract reconstruction in Heji Hospital (8 cases) and Changzhi People's Hospital (17 cases) from April 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected. Of 25 patients, 21 were male and 4 were female, with mean age of 63.0 (49 to 78) years; 3 underwent open surgery and 22 underwent laparoscopic surgery. The modified Kamikawa anastomosis was as follows: (1) the novel notion of total mesangial resection of the esophagogastric junction was applied to facilitate the thorough removal of lymph nodes and facilitate hand-sewn anastomosis and embedding; (2) the diameter of the anastomotic stoma was selected according to the diameter of the esophageal stump, between 2.5 and 3.5 cm, to reduce the occurrence of anastomotic stenosis; (3) an ultrasonic scalpel was used to incise the esophageal stump, which could not only prevent bleeding of the esophageal stump, but also closely seal the esophageal mucosa, muscle layer and serosa to prevent esophageal mucosa retraction; (4) barbed suture was used to suture the remnant stomach fundus and esophagus to fix the stomach fundus in order to reduce the cumbersome and difficult intermittent sutures in a small space; (5) two barbed sutures were used to continuously suture the front and back walls of the anastomosis and complete the suture and fixation of the muscle flap. Relevant indicators of surgical safety, postoperative complications (using the Clavien-Dindo classification), esophageal reflux symptoms and the occurrence of esophagitis (using Los Angeles classification) were analyzed. The gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) score, gastroscopy, multi-position digestive tract radiography during postoperative follow-up were used to evaluate the residual gastric motility and anti-reflux efficacy. Results: Modified Kamikawa anastomosis in digestive tract reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy was successfully performed in 25 patients. The surgical time was (5.8±1.8) hours, the intraoperative blood loss was (89.2±11.8) ml, and the average hospital stay was (13.8±2.9) days. Three cases (12.0%) developed postoperative anastomotic stenosis as Clavien-Dindo grade III and were healed after endoscopic dilation treatment. Postoperative upper gastrointestinal radiography showed 1 case (4.0%) with reflux symptoms as Clavien-Dindo grade I. Gastroscopy showed no signs of reflux esophagitis, and its Los Angeles classification was A grade. No anastomotic bleeding, local infection and death were found in all the patients. At postoperative 6-month of follow-up, GERD score showed no significant difference compared to pre-operation (2.7±0.6 vs. 2.4±1.0, t=-1.495, P=0.148). Conclusion: Modified Kamikawa anastomosis in digestive tract reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy is safe and feasible with good anti-reflux efficacy.
Aged ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Cohort Studies ; Esophagogastric Junction/surgery* ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

Atherosclerosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications* ; Dyslipidemias ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; Humans