BACKGROUND:At present,the incidence of scoliosis is increasing year by year,especially in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.Therefore,it is more and more important to strengthen the research on the treatment of adolescent scoliosis. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the current status,hotspots,emerging trends,and frontiers of global research on the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis to provide reference and guidance for future related research. METHODS:The literature related to the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was retrieved on the Web of Science Core Collection(WOSCC)database from 2013 to 2023.CiteSpace 6.2.R1 software was used for visual analysis of countries,institutions,authors,and keywords. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 561 English articles were included in this study.Among countries,institutions,and authors,the United States has contributed the most.Nanjing University and Qiu,Yong(Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital,Nanjing University School of Medicine)are the most published institution and author.The academic journal with the largest number of articles is the European Spine Journal.(2)In the analysis of cited literature,the top 10 most cited articles mainly describe the effects of surgical treatment and conservative treatment on improving adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,especially improving the curvature of patients.(3)Through the summary of highly cited articles and the keyword clustering,keyword prominence in-depth mining,the research hotspots are currently the relationship between Cobb angle and treatment choice,the therapeutic effect of exercise therapy and the therapeutic effect of posterior vertebral fusion.(4)The prognosis of patients with different curvatures has not been studied in depth,and the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis has not been clarified,so the relationship between curvature and prognosis and the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis may be a new research trend in the future.

Occupational health technical service (OHTS) is one of the core contents in the technical support system of occupational disease prevention and control, and efficient management of OHTS institutions is necessary for improving the service ability. At present, OHTS institutions in China face several issues, such as uneven distribution in terms of quantity, function, unclear area coverage and roles and overlapping responsibilities among different types of institutions, and insufficient service capabilities with inconsistent service levels in some institutions. With the implementation of the national reform like the “separating permits from business license” and “delegate power, streamline administration and optimize government services"”policies, the management mode and operational approach of OHTS institutions have been profoundly changed. In light of this, five key recommendations are proposed to improve the management of OHTS institutions and enhance their management effectiveness, ensuring the sustainable development of national OHTS services. Firstly, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between national and provincial administrative levels in managing OHTS institutions to ensure their healthy and orderly development. Secondly, multiple measurements are taken to strengthen OHTS institutional capacity building to address regional disparities in technical capabilities and service quality. Thirdly, both technical capabilities and service quality should be focused on strengthening the supervision and management of OHTS institutions, preventing the decline of key conditions such as staffing, laboratories, equipment, and quality management after obtaining qualifications. Fourthly, “dual randomized- inspections and one open” and “internet+supervision” methods are used as basic tools for managing OHTS institutions operating across multiple provincial regions and enforcing cross-regional law. Fifthly, professional integrity of radiological health service institutions should be restored to effectively apply their technical advantages in their specialized fields.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is linked to an increased prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI). However, research dedicated to elucidating the pathogenesis of AS-MI is lacking. In this study, we explored the biomarkers for enhancing the diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency of AS-MI. Datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We employed weighted gene co-expression network analysis and machine learning models to screen hub genes. A receiver operating characteristic curve and a nomogram were designed to assess diagnostic accuracy. Gene set enrichment analysis was conducted to reveal the potential function of hub genes. Immune infiltration analysis indicated the correlation between hub genes and the immune landscape. Subsequently, we performed single-cell analysis to identify the expression and subcellular localization of hub genes. We further constructed a transcription factor (TF)-microRNA (miRNA) regulatory network. Finally, drug prediction and molecular docking were performed. S100A12 and MCEMP1 were identified as hub genes, which were correlated with immune-related biological processes. They exhibited high diagnostic value and were predominantly expressed in myeloid cells. Furthermore, 24 TFs and 9 miRNA were associated with these hub genes. Enzastaurin, meglitinide, and nifedipine were predicted as potential therapeutic agents. Our study indicates that S100A12 and MCEMP1 exhibit significant potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AS-MI, offering novel insights into the underlying etiology of this condition.
Humans ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing/complications* ; Systems Biology/methods* ; Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis* ; Biomarkers/metabolism* ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Machine Learning

Humans ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation Conditioning ; Graft vs Host Disease

ObjectiveTo compare the air disinfection effects of different human-machine coexistence disinfection methods in the high-risk areas of airborne diseases in medical and healthcare institutions, and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of airborne diseases in medical and healthcare institutions. MethodsField trials were conducted in the fever clinic, the infection disease department, and dental clinics of a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, respectively. The existing air disinfection methods (plasma air disinfection machine, circulating air ultraviolet disinfection machine or negative pressure ventilation system), upper-room 222 nm ultraviolet germicidal system, and the combination of the existing air disinfection methods and upper-room 222 nm ultraviolet germicidal system were all used in each location in the experiment group. The control group did not adopt specific air disinfection methods. Air sampling was conducted by the six-level sieve hole microbial sampler or the flat slab exposure method. The daily air sampling time was from 8:00 a.m. to 16:00 p.m., with one sample per hour, and a total of 9 samples were taken. The disinfection effects were compared by calculating the total number of airborne bacteria colonies and the sterilization rate for each disinfection method. ResultsThe total numbers of airborne bacteria colonies in the fever outpatient infusion room, the ward and nurse station of infection disease department of 222 nm group were lower than that in the control group (P=0.005, P<0.001, P<0.001). The total numbers of airborne bacteria colonies in the fever outpatient infusion room and the dental examination room of 222 nm group were lower than that in the control group or plasma air disinfection machine group (P=0.022, P=0.014). The total numbers of airborne bacteria colonies in the nucleic acid sampling room of plasma air disinfection machine group combined with 222 nm group were lower than that in plasma air disinfection machine group (P=0.019). The total numbers of airborne bacteria colonies in the CT examination room of fever clinic of the 222 nm group were lower than that in the circulating air ultraviolet disinfection machine group (P=0.002). The total numbers of airborne bacteria colonies in the CT examination room of 222 nm group combined with circulating air ultraviolet disinfection machine were lower than that of circulating air ultraviolet disinfection machine group and the control group (P=0.008, P<0.001). The air sterilization rate of upper-room 222 nm ultraviolet germicidal system ranged from 48.04% to 73.74%. The air sterilization rate of plasma air/circulating air ultraviolet disinfection machine combined with the upper-room 222 nm ultraviolet germicidal system ranged from 6.86% to 73.77%. ConclusionUpper-room 222 nm ultraviolet germicidal system could effectively reduce airborne colonies in the air and improve air hygiene quality in both clinic and ward environments with high airborne transmission risks.

Photoreceptor cells are a special type of neuroepithelial cells, which play an important role in the generation and transmission of visual signals.They mainly meet the physiological needs by ingesting a large amount of glucose for glucose metabolism.Photoreceptor cell apoptosis is a common cause of blindness in patients with retinal diseases, which is accompanied by changes in oxidative stress and anabolism.Recent studies have found that pentose phosphate pathway, an important branch of glucose metabolism, plays an essential role in the development of the above-mentioned pathology.Its product, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), as a crucial hydrogen donor in photoreceptor cells, participates in substance synthesis and metabolism, resists oxidative stress, and then inhibits apoptosis of photoreceptor cells.This review summarized the mechanism of pentose phosphate pathway in inhibiting photoreceptor cell apoptosis from the perspective of view of metabolic activity and molecular pathway to provide reference for clinical scientific research.

Objective:To analyze the safety and therapeutic efficacy of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) and laparoscopic total pancreatectomy (LTP) in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.Methods:Clinical data of 87 patients with pancreatic head and neck cancer who underwent LPD or LTP in the Department of General Surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from December 2018 to August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The surgical approach, operative time, intraoperative blood loss volume, conversion rate to open surgery, perioperative mortality, re-operative rate, rate of major postoperative complications, postoperative hospital stay, number of lymph nodes harvested, tumor pathological stage, R 0 resection rate, initiation of postoperative chemotherapy and survival outcomes were recorded. The follow-up period extended until September 2023. Results:Among the 87 patients, 78(89.7%) underwent LPD and 9(10.3%) underwent LTP. PV-SMV vascular resection and reconstruction was performed in 16 cases (18.4%), and 11 cases totally underwent laparoscopy. Five cases (5.7%) required conversion to open surgery. The mean operative time was 279.8±74.0 minutes, and the mean intraoperative blood loss volume was 520.1±743.2 ml. The overall length of hospital stay was 15.9±6.3 days, with a mean postoperative hospital stay of 11.5±6.0 days. The rate of major postoperative complications was 19.5%, including 4 cases (4.6%) of postoperative bile leakage, 6 cases (6.9%) of postoperative gastric emptying disorders, and 3 cases (3.4%) of postoperative bleeding. There was one case (1.1%) with secondary surgery and one case (1.1%) with perioperative death. Among LPD patients, 5 cases (6.4%) had postoperative grade B or higher pancreatic fistula. Advanced age (≥70 years) did not increase the incidence of perioperative complications. All patients achieved R 0 resection. The mean number of lymph nodes harvested was 25.9±11.4. The median time to initiation of postoperative chemotherapy was 2.13±1.43 months. The median overall survival was 16 months. Conclusions:In a high-volume center for pancreatic diseases, LPD and LTP are safe and feasible for the treatment of pancreatic cancer, which could achieve satisfactory anti-tumor efficacy and improve patients' prognosis.

In 2009,the World Health Organization included snakebite on the list of neglected tropical diseases,acknowledging it as a common occupational hazard for farmers,plantation workers,and others,causing tens of thousands of deaths and chronic physical disabilities every year.This guideline aims to provide practical information to help clinical professionals evaluate and treat snakebite victims.These recommendations are based on clinical experience and clinical research evidence.This guideline focuses on the following topics:snake venom,clinical manifestations,auxiliary examination,diagnosis,treatments,and prevention.

177Lu-prostate specific membrane antigen(PSMA)radio-ligand therapy has been approved abroad for advanced prostate cancer and has been in several clinical trials in China.Based on domestic clinical practice and experimental data and referred to international experience and viewpoints,the expert group forms a consensus on the clinical application of 177Lu-PSMA radio-ligand therapy in prostate cancer to guide clinical practice.