ObjectiveTo explore the effect of respiratory training based on core stabilization training on lumbar disc herniation. MethodsFrom January, 2023 to October, 2024, 96 patients with lumbar disc herniation admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University were divided into control group (n = 32), core group (n = 32) and respiratory group (n = 32). All the groups underwent conventional rehabilitation therapy, with core stabilization training in the core group and respiratory training combined with core stabilization training in the respiratory group, additionally, for four weeks. Before and after training, the scores of Visual Analogue Scale, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI) were compared, the average electromyographic value (AEMG) and root mean square (RMS) value of the multifidus and transversus abdominis were detected by surface electromyography (sEMG); and the thickness of the multifidus and transversus abdominis were measured by musculoskeletal ultrasonography bilaterally. ResultsThe intra-group effect (F > 597.796, P < 0.001), inter-group effect (F > 16.535, P < 0.001) and interaction effect (F > 49.622, P < 0.001) were significant in the scores of VAS, JOA and ODI; which were better in the respiratory group than in the control group and the core group (P < 0.05), and were better in the core group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The intra-group effect (F > 7971.631, P < 0.001), inter-group effect (F > 177.760, P < 0.001) and interaction effect (F > 478.771, P < 0.001) were significant in the thickness of the transversus abdominis and multifidus; which were better in the respiratory group than in the control group and the core group (P < 0.001), and were better in the core group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The intra-group effect (F > 144303.007, P < 0.001), inter-group effect (F > 1495.458, P < 0.001) and interaction effect (F > 3121.361, P < 0.001) were significant in the RMS of the multifidus and transversus abdominis; which were better in the respiratory group than in the control group and the core group (P < 0.001), and were better in the core group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The intra-group effect (F > 1890.532, P < 0.001), inter-group effect (F > 607.132, P < 0.001) and interaction effect (F > 824.923, P < 0.001) were significant in the AEMG of the multifidus and transversus abdominis; which were better in the respiratory group than in the control group and core group (P < 0.001), and were better in the core group than in the control group (P < 0.001). ConclusionCore training combined with respiratory training can more effectively reduce pain and improve dysfunction by enhancing the strength and control of the core muscles， thus improving the quality of life of patients with lumbar disc herniation.

The incidence of knee osteoarthritis(KOA)is in-creasing year by year,seriously affecting patients'health.Mes-enchymal stem cells are multipotent cells with multiple differen-tiation functions.The extracellular vesicles released by these cells can carry various"cargo"to corresponding cells and tis-sues,exerting biological functions.They have shown great clini-cal potential in the treatment of KOA.This study reviews the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of extracellular vesicles se-creted by mesenchymal stem cells from different tissues such as bone marrow,adipose tissue,and synovium in KOA.It is found that miRNA is an important biological component in exerting therapeutic effects.The study also discusses the research pro-gress of engineered extracellular vesicles in KOA,pointing out the current challenges in clinical application,such as standard-ized acquisition of extracellular vesicles and difficulties in targe-ted action,aiming to provide a certain reference for the basic re-search and clinical application of extracellular vesicle therapy for KOA.

AIM:To compare the risk of hypergly-caemia with PCSK9 inhibitors versus statins,based on U.S.Food and Drug Administration Adverse Events Reporting System(FAERS).METHODS:The hyperglycaemia reports induced by"alirocumab","evolocumab","atorvastatin"and"rosuvastatin"were utilized as the first suspected drugs from the database of FAERS from 2016 to the third quarter of 2023.The report odd ratio(ROR)method was employed.RESULTS:Based on the FAERS database,the ROR(95％CI)for hyperglycaemia due to Ali-rocumab versus Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin were 0.628(0.545,0.724)and 0.307(0.263,0.357),the ROR(95％CI)for hyperglycaemia due to Evoloc-umab were 0.817(0.750,0.889)and 0.399(0.361,0.441),all generated no adverse reaction signals.The ROR(95％CI)for hyperglycaemia due to Ali-rocumab and Evolocumab versus all other drugs in FAERS were 1.488(1.315,1.682)and 1.934(1.845,2.027),all generated adverse reaction signals,re-spectively.CONCLUSION:Based on the FAERS data-base,PCSK9 inhibitors have a lower risk of hyper-glycemia than statins and deserve clinical attention.

Objective:To investigate the effect of deacylase Sirtuin 5 in the recovery of hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs)after treated by 5-FU in mouse.Methods:Flow cytometry was used to analyze the effect of SIRT5 deletion on the proportion of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells(HSPCs)in bone marrow(BM),the proportion of T cells,B cells and myeloid cells(TBM)in peripheral blood(PB)and spleen,and the development of T cells in thymus.Mouse were treated with 5-FU to study the effect of SIRT5 deletion on the cell cycle,apoptosis and the proportion of HSPCs in BM.The effect of SIRT5 deletion on the proliferation of HSCs was analyzed by flow sorting in vitro.Results:SIRT5 deletion did not affect the development of T cells in thymus and the proportion of TBM cells in PB and spleen compared with wild type mice.SIRT5 deletion increased proportion of HSPCs in BM.After 5-FU treatment,the proportion of HSCs in SIRT5 deletion mice was significant decreased(P＜0.05),the HSPC in SIRT5 deletion mice was activated from G0 to G1 phase(P＜0.05),and the proportion of early apoptosis increased(P＜0.05).By monoclonal culture in vitro,the ability of HSCs to form clones in SIRT5 deletion mice was decreased significantly(P＜0.05).Conclusion:SIRT5 deletion lead to a decreased the ability of HSCs to clone in vitro.SIRT5 deletion is not conducive to the recovery of HSPCs injury in mice under hematopoietic stress.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the branches and leaves of Toona ciliata Roem.var.pubescens(Franch.)Hand-Mazz.and their antitumor activities.METHODS The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel,RP-18 reverse phase silica gel and semi-preparative HPLC,the structures of compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The antitumor activities were determined by MTT method.RESULTS Fifteen compounds were isolated and identified as toonaolide D(1),toonaciliatin E(2),bourjotinolone A(3),(21R,23R)-epoxy-21α-ethoxy-24S,25-dihydroxyapotirucalla-7-en-3-one(4),(Z)-toonasterone C(5),(E)-toonasterone(6),3-epi-dyscusin C(7),(Z)-aglawone(8),(E)-volkendousin(9),8(14),15-isopimaradiene-2α,3α,19-triol(10),(-)-loliolide(11),cyclohexenone(12),pubinernoid A(13),quercetin-3-O-(4″-methoxy)-α-L-rahmnopyranosyl(14),5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde(15).The IC50 values of compounds 3 and 4 on K562 cells were 54.2 and 47.3 μmol/L,respectively,and the IC50 values on HEL cells were 47.3 and 61.1 μmol/L,respectively.CONCLUTION Compounds 4,7,10 and 11 are isolated from Toona genus for the first time,and compounds 2,15 are first isolated from this plant.Compounds 3 and 4 show weak antitumor activities.

Objective To investigate the role and potential mechanisms of tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducible protein 8-like molecule 1(TNFAIP8L1)in acute liver injury in mice.Methods The second generation of C57BL/6J male wild-type(WT)mice and the C57BL/6J female TNFAIP8L1+/-mice and WT mice were selected to further self-breed the third generation of male TNFAIP8L1-/-mice and the third generation of WT male mice.Five normal third-generation male WT mice and five normal third-generation male TNFAIP8L1-/-mice were selected.The serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels of the two types of normal mice were measured and compared.The infiltration of inflammatory cells and cell necrosis in the liver tissues of the two types of normal mice were observed after hematoxylin & eosin(HE)staining.Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentages of neutrophils(Neu),eosinophils(EOS),dendritic cells(DC),bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMDMs),and bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell(BMNCs)in the liver myeloid cell subsets of the two types of normal mice.Another 5 third-generation male WT mice and 4 third-generation male TNFAIP8L1-/-mice were selected to induce acute liver injury mouse models using lipopolysaccharide(LPS)/D-galactosamine(D-Gal).After 24 hours,the serum ALT levels of the two types of acute liver injury mice were detected and compared,the infiltration of inflammatory cells and cell necrosis in the liver tissues of the two types of acute liver injury mice were observed,and the percentages of Neu,EOS,DC,BMDMs and BMNCs in the liver myeloid cell subsets of the two types of acute liver injury mice were measured by using the above methods.Results There was no significant difference in the percentages of Neu,EOS,DC,BMDMs and BMNCs,and serum ALT levels in the livermyeloid cell subsets of normal WT mice and TNFAIP8L1-/-mice(P＞0.05).HE staining results of liver tissues in normal WT mice and TNFAIP8L1/mice showed that hepatic lobules were structurally complete and clear,hepatocytes were morphologically normal and arranged neatly,and there was no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration or cell necrosis.Twenty-four hours after acute liver injury,the percentages of Neu and BMNCs in the liver myeloid cell subsets and the serum ALT levels in the liver tissues of TNFAIP8L1-/-mice were significantly higher than those of WT mice(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the percentages of EOS,DC and BMDMs in the liver myeloid cell subsets of mice between the two groups(P＞0.05).In the liver tissues of WT mice with acute liver injury,hepatic lobules were structurally blurred,hepatocytes were swollen with scattered vacuolated steatosis,and a small amount of inflammatory cells were infiltrated.In the liver tissues of TNFAIP8L1/mice with acute liver injury,hepatic lobules were structurally non-existent,and hepatocytes were severely damaged and extensively necrotic,with a large amount of inflammatory cell infiltration.Conclusion The deficiency of the TNFAIP8L1 gene in mice does not affect the development of liver myeloid cells and the homeostasis of the liver.TNFAIP8L1 plays an inhibitory role in the occurrence and development of acute liver injury.TNFAIP8L1 gene deficiency aggravates LPS/D-Gal-induced acute liver injury,possibly by increasing Neu and BMNCs infiltration and recruiting other types of immune cells to infiltrate liver tissues,thereby exacerbating liver cell necrosis.

Recent trends suggest that Chinese herbal medicine formulas(CHM formulas)are promising treatments for complex diseases.To characterize the precise syndromes,precise diseases and precise targets of the precise targets between complex diseases and CHM formulas,we developed an artificial intelligence-based quantitative predictive algorithm(DeepTCM).DeepTCM has gone through multilevel model cali-bration and validation against a comprehensive set of herb and disease data so that it accurately captures the complex cellular signaling,molecular and theoretical levels of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).As an example,our model simulated the optimal CHM formulas for the treatment of coronary heart disease(CHD)with depression,and through model sensitivity analysis,we calculated the balanced scoring of the formulas.Furthermore,we constructed a biological knowledge graph representing interactions by associating herb-target and gene-disease interactions.Finally,we experimentally confirmed the thera-peutic effect and pharmacological mechanism of a novel model-predicted intervention in humans and mice.This novel multiscale model opened up a new avenue to combine"disease syndrome"and"macro micro"system modeling to facilitate translational research in CHM formulas.

Objective To explore the effect of robotic training under position limitation on upper limb of patients with shoulder sub-luxation after stroke. Methods From March to December,2023,sixty patients with shoulder subluxation after stroke in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University were randomized into conventional group(n = 20),robot group(n = 20)and position-limited group(n = 20).All the groups accepted conventional rehabilitation,while the robot group underwent robot training and the position-limited group underwent robot training under position limitation,for four weeks.Before and after treatment,Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities(FMA-UE)and modified Bar-thel Index(MBI)were used for evaluation,surface electromyography(sEMG)was used to measure the average electromyography(AEMG)and root mean square(RMS)of posterior deltoid fasciculus and supraspinatus during contraction,and musculoskeletal ultrasonography was used to determine the distance of acromion-greater tuber-osity(AGT)of the affected side. Results After treatment,FMA-UE score,MBI score,AEMG,RMS and the distance of AGT improved in all the groups(|t|>10.850,P<0.001),and all the indexes were optimal in the position-limited group(F>42.031,P<0.001). Conclusion Robotic training for upper limb under postural limitation can further improve upper limb function and sub-luxation status,activities of daily living,and peri-shoulder muscle in patients with shoulder subluxation after stroke.

Objective To evaluate the effects of puerarin on bone density in rats and mice through a meta-analysis. Methods The databases, including CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang data, VIP, PubMed, EMBase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus from their inception to November 6, 2023, were searched for literature on the effects of puerarin treatment on bone density in rats and mice. Inclusion criteria for the literature were randomized controlled trials with a placebo or blank control group; the subject animals were rats or mice; the intervention was puerarin; and the results included bone density measurements. Exclusion criteria included combination therapy with puerarin; lack of original research data; unpublished studies; and using mandible as the measurement site for bone density. Risks of bias were assessed using SYRCLE's RoB tool. Data analysis was conducted with Stata 16.0 and Rev Man 5.3 software. Results After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 429 records were identified and 42 articles covering 41 studies were ultimately included. 925 animals were involved and the data analysis results indicated that puerarin improved bone density in rats and mice compared to the control group: femur [37 studies, n=824, standardized mean difference （SMD)=2.12, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.69-2.54, P < 0.000 1], lumbar spine (13 studies, n=271, SMD=2.25, 95% CI=1.49-3.01, P < 0.000 1), tibia (4 studies, n=95, SMD=0.94, 95% CI=0.05-1.83, P=0.04), and the whole body (4 studies, n=94, SMD=1.89, 95% CI=0.50-3.29, P=0.008), with all inter-group differences in bone density being statistically significant. Conclusion Puerarin can improve bone density in rats and mice. This study provides a valuable reference for clinical studies on the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis with puerarin.

OBJECTIVE To study the difference of Huangqin decoction combined with Paeoniae Radix Alba(BS) and Paeoniae Radix Rubra(CS)'s effect on ulcerative colitis(UC) based on network pharmacological analysis and animal experiment. METHODS The active constituents of BS and CS were retrieved from TCMSP database and literature, and the potential target was predicted by Swiss Target Prediction. Ulcerative Colitis was used as key words to search disease targets in DisGenet, OMIM, and Genecard databases. The intersection target was obtained by Venny 2.1.0. Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct network of drug-consumption targets. The STRING platform was used for protein-protein interaction(PPI) network analysis, and Metascape database was applied for GO/WIKI analysis. A dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) induced UC mouse model was established to compare the anti-UC effects of Huangqing decoction combined with BS(HQT-BS) and CS(HQT-CS), respectively. RESULTS There were 7 active components of HQT-BS and 11 active components of HQT-CS in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, respectively, 5 of which were the same. There were 146 and 157 targets respectively, 106 of which were the same. The core targets of HQT-BS were SRC, HSP90AA1, and PIK3R1, while the core targets of HQT-CS were SRC, HSP90AA1, and STAT3. WIKI enrichment analysis showed that several signaling pathways were shared by both BS and CS, such as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, Notch signaling pathway. EGF/EGFR signaling pathway was the specific pathway related to BS, while Nuclear receptors meta-pathway and Kit receptor signaling pathway were the specific pathways related to CS, respectively. Animal experiments showed that both HQT-BS and HQT-CS could significantly improve colon shortening and tissue pathological alternation induced by DSS. However, HQT-CS was more effective in reducing the expression of interleukin-6 and neurogenic locus notch homolog protein1. CONCLUSION Both HQT-BS and HQT-CS have anti-UC effect, and HQT-CS is the better one.