Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration. With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), tools such as intraoral scanning, facial scanning, 3D printing, and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration. Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques, digital technologies offer greater precision, predictability, and efficacy. They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort. Despite these improvements, the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization. The major issues include appropriate case selection, establishing consistent digital workflows, and evaluating long-term outcomes. To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners, this expert consensus outlines the principles, advantages, and limitations of digital complete denture technology. The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications, clinical procedures and precautions, evaluation metrics, and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.
Humans ; Denture, Complete ; Computer-Aided Design ; Denture Design/methods* ; Consensus ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

Objective To analyze the differences and connections between the current grading and classification methods for nuclear medicine workplaces, and to provide technical guidance for environmental impact assessments and technical reviews. Methods By comparing the objects, purposes, and computational approaches between the two methods, this article illustrates the usage of both methods through specific examples and analyzes the relationship between them. Results The two methods differed in objects, purposes, and computational approaches. The A, B, and C grading scheme was primarily used to establish the level of administrative supervision for an entire nuclear medicine workplace. In contrast, the I, II, and III classification system specifies the hardware facilities and engineering protection requirements of internal places or rooms. Conclusion These two methods are complementary and collectively provide a complete framework for the assessment of nuclear medicine workplaces.

Objective:To overview the systematic reviews/meta analysis of the treatment of external therapy of TCM for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Methods:Systematic reviews/meta analysis of the treatment of external therapy of TCM for GERD were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases from the establishment of the databases to 31st, December 2022. The AMSTAR 2 tool, PRISMA 2020 reporting specifications, and GRADE guidelines were used to evaluate the methodological quality, reporting quality, and evidence quality of the included literature. A multiple evaluation was performed in six dimensions: year of publication, type of study design, methodological quality score, reporting quality score, degree of homogeneity, and risk of publication bias evaluation.Results:A total of 9 systematic reviews/meta analysis were included, of which 1 was of low quality methodological quality and 8 was of very low quality. GRADE guidelines evidence quality grading results showed 33 outcome indicators, 9 of which were with moderate evidence, 21 of which were with low evidence, and 3 of which were with very low evidence. 9 articles had reporting quality scores ranging from 16 to 24, of which 1 report was relatively complete and 8 had some deficiencies. The rank mean scores of multiple evaluations indicated that 2 articles were of high quality and 1 article was of poor quality.Conclusions:The quality of evidence for the treatment of external therapy of TCM for GERD is intermediate in terms of improving the cure rate and reducing adverse effects, and is recommended for clinical use. However, the methodological quality and reporting quality of the current systematic reviews/meta analysis of the treatment of external therapy of TCM for GERD need to be improved, and users of the evidence ought to use the above evidence with caution for decision making.

Objective:To explore the characteristics of early postural control disorders in elderly patients with Parkinson's disease(PD). Method:The sensory organization test(SOT),limits of stability(LOS),and adaptation test(ADT)were performed on 15 patients with early-stage PD and 10 healthy elderly patients using a dynamic and static balance training system. Result:Compared with the healthy group,in the SOT,early PD patients showed no significant differences in the comprehensive score of sensory organization,proprioceptive,visual,and visual dependence(P＞0.05).How-ever,there was a significant difference in vestibular balance control(P＜0.05).In the LOS,early PD patients exhibited decreased forward and backward max excursions(MXE)(P＜0.05),increased reaction time(RT)(P＜0.05),and decreased backward directional contro1(DCL)(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in for-ward DCL,left and right MXE,RT,DCL(P＞0.05).In the ADT,there were no significant differences in the incidence of the first fall and the incidence of the last four falls in PD patients and healthy groups in the for-ward and backward tilt tests(P＞0.05). Conclusion:Early PD elderly patients already have postural control disorders,particularly with decreased limits of stability in forward and backward directions and reduced ability to maintain balance using vestibular input.

The end of the COVID-19 infection peak in 2022 prompts a backlog of cardiovascular surgical patients to gradually return to the hospital, resulting in a surge in cardiovascular surgeries. However, against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, the clinical practice of cardiovascular surgery faces many problems. Therefore, organized by Beijing Anzhen Hospital, experts in cardiovascular surgery and related fields have formulated hospital expert experience on perioperative treatment principles of cardiovascular surgery for patients infected with COVID-19. This article summarizes the clinical decision-making of patients requiring cardiovascular surgery after COVID-19 infection, and advises on the corresponding recommendations according to the existing evidence-based medical evidence as well as the actual clinical practice experience of relevant experts. The main content of the article includes special requirements for cardiovascular surgical treatment indications in patients with COVID-19 infection, selection of surgical timing, special requirements of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative management, etc., which aims to provide COVID-19-infected patients with guidance on rational decision-making when receiving cardiovascular surgery.

【Objective】 To explore the mutation type, clinical characteristics, molecular genetics and the two-hit type of a patient with familial Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) syndrome. 【Methods】 The data of the patient were collected. DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood and renal cell carcinoma sample. The VHL gene germline mutation site was detected with high throughput sequencing next generation sequencing (NGS). The two-hit site was identified with UCSCXena database, methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and microsatellite stability detection. 【Results】 The mutation site of the embryo line was located in c.500G>A R167Q mutation. The patient had single nucleotide polymorphism, but no clear loss of heterozygosity, methylation or system mutation. 【Conclusion】 The germline mutation in exon 3 is the basis for the clinical features of this familial renal cell carcinoma proband. The identification of the two-hit site is key to the occurrence of the disease, which is significant for the diagnosis and treatment. The use of the databases can guide the screening of mutations and methylation sites in familial renal cell carcinoma.

Objective To establish the method of thin layer chromatography (TLC) for identification and quantitative determination of Shipi Xiaoshui gel plaster. Methods TLC was adopted to qualitatively identify astragalus radix, plantaginis semen, curcumae rhizome, cinnamomi ramulus, polyporus umbellatus and akebia quinata. UPLC-MS was used to determine the content of astragaloside Ⅳ. Results TLC spots were clear and well-separated; RSDs of precision, reproducibility and stability tests were all lower than 3%, the linear range of astragaloside Ⅳ was 2.75-33 μg/ml (r=0.999 9, n=6), and the average recovery was 100.49% (RSD=1.98%, n=6). Conclusion The established method in this study is accurate, reliable and specific, which could be used for the quality control of Shipi Xiaoshui gel plaster.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different negative pressure level on drain volume after augmentation mammoplasty through inframammary fold incision, and try to put forward the appropriate negative pressure level for the best prognosis of patients.Methods:This was a randomized controlled clinical study. Patients who underwent prosthetic augmentation mammoplasty through inframammary fold incision in the Medical Beauty Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2019 to August 2021 were selected as the study subjects. Patients were divided into 4 groups by random number table method and different levels of negative pressure drainage were applied: 600 ml adjustable negative pressure drain bottle was used uniformly after operation by -80--85 kPa group, -40--60 kPa group, and -15--30 kPa group. In 0--5.2 kPa group, 300 ml drain drum was applied after operation. The criteria for drain removal was that the drain volume within 24 hours was less than 10 ml and the drainage fluid was clear. Daily drain volume, duration of drain placement, total drain volume, acceptance of the drain device and postoperative complications were recorded in the four groups. The corresponding indexes of each group were statistically analyzed by SPSS 21.0. Measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between groups, and LSD- t test was used for pair comparison between groups. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 80 patients were included, 20 in each group. Inter-group equilibrium analysis: there was no significant difference in age, body mass index, distance from midclavicular point to nipple, distance from inferior mammary fold to nipple, and breast tissue thickness among 4 groups ( P>0.05). Evaluation of curative effect between groups: on the first and second day after operation, there was no significant difference in drain volume between -80--85 kPa group and -40--60 kPa group ( P>0.05), but there was significant difference among other groups ( P<0.05). There was significant difference in drain volume on the third day after operation, total drain volume and duration of drain placement between the four groups ( P<0.05). The lower the negative pressure level was, the less drain volume on the third day after surgery and the less total drain volume, and the shorter duration of drain placement. The duration of drain placement of the four groups were (5.6±0.7) d (-80--85 kPa group), (4.8±0.5) d (-40--60 kPa group), (4.0±0.5) d (-15--30 kPa group), and (3.2±0.4) d (0--5.2 kPa group), respectively. Safety evaluation: the complication rate of -80--85 kPa group, -40--60 kPa group, -15--30 kPa group and 0--5.2 kPa group were 2.5% (1/40), 2.5% (1/40), 0(0/40) and 15.0% (6/40), respectively. The complication rate of 0--5.2 kPa group was the highest. Investigation on the acceptance of the drainage device (no impact/dissatisfaction): 75 patients expressed dissatisfaction, with a dissatisfaction rate of 93.75%(75/80). Conclusion:In augmentation mammoplasty through inferior fold incision low negative pressure provides less drain volume, shorter drain placement. Negative pressure between -15 to -30 kPa is optimal.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess the quality of prosthetic prescriptions of removable partial dentures (RPDs) and to analyze the current situation of the communication and information delivery between clinicians and technicians. METHODS: All RPD prosthetic prescriptions received by a major dental laboratory in 4 weeks were involved in a quality audit, and the prescriptions were divided into three groups in accordance with the grades of clients. The filling of prosthetic prescriptions was recorded. The items in the prescriptions for audit included the general information of the patient, the general information of the clinician, the design diagram information, other detailed information, and the return date. The prescriptions were categorized into four levels on the basis of their quality by two quality inspectors who have been working for more than 10 years. RESULTS: A total of 916 prescriptions were collected and assessed. The names in the general information of the patient and the clinician were filled out best, both at the rate of 97.6% (n=894). The return date was filled out worst, only at the rate of 6.4% (n=59). Of those prescriptions, 86.8% (n=795) exhibited inadequate design diagram information. The results of the quality assessment demonstrated that 74.2% of prescriptions were assessed as noncompliant ones and failed to meet the acceptable clinical quality standard. CONCLUSIONS At present, the overall quality of RPD prosthetic prescriptions is poor. The responsibilities of clinicians and technicians are unclear, and the communication between them is not ideal.
Humans ; Denture Design ; Denture, Partial, Removable ; Prescriptions

Objective:To explore the current status of surgery for portal hypertension to grasp current status and future development of surgery in China.Methods:This study is jointly sponsored by China Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Specialist Alliance & Portal Hypertension Alliance in China (CHESS).Comprehensive surveying is conducted for basic domestic situations of surgery for portal hypertension, including case load, surgical approaches, management of postoperative complications, primary effects, existing confusion and obstacles, liver transplantation(LT), laparoscopic procedures and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS), etc.Results:A total of 8 512 cases of portal hypertension surgery are performed at 378 hospitals nationwide in 2021.Splenectomy plus devascularization predominated(53.0%)and laparoscopy accounted for 76.1%.Primary goal is preventing rebleeding(67.0%) and 72.8% of hospitals used preventive anticoagulants after conventional surgery.And 80.7% of teams believe that the formation of postoperative portal vein thrombosis is a surgical dilemma and 65.3% of hospitals practiced both laparoscopy and TIPS.The major reasons for patients with portal hypertension not receiving LT are due to a lack of qualifications for LT(69.3%)and economic factors(69.0%).Conclusions:Surgery is an integral part of management of portal hypertension in China.However, it is imperative to further standardize the grasp of surgical indications, the handling of surgical operation and the management of postoperative complications.Moreover, prospective, multi-center randomized controlled clinical studies should be performed.