Objective: To investigate the mediating role of children s sleep quality in the association between mother-child relationship and the executive function of preschool children, providing a reference for promoting the development of the executive function of preschool children. Methods: A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 842 preschoolers from 12 kindergartens in Wuhu City, Anhui Province in December 2021 as the subjects of the first follow up study with follow up every six months thereafter. Finally, 746 children were included in the study after 3 follow up. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the associations among mother-child relationship, sleep quality and executive function in preschool children. Bootstrap program and PROCESS software were applied to test the mediating effect of sleep quality in the association between mother-child relationship and the executive function of preschool children. Results: Conflictual mother-child relationship was positively correlated with the total score of executive function, as well as scores of inhibitory, shifting, emotional control, working memory, and organizational planning ( r=0.40, 0.37, 0.36, 0.41, 0.38 , 0.34, all P <0.05). Dependent mother-child relationship was positively correlated with the total score of executive function, as well as scores of inhibitory, shifting, emotional control, working memory , and organizational planning ( r=0.23, 0.20, 0.21, 0.22 , 0.22, 0.19, all P <0.05). Sleep quality was positively correlated with the total executive function score ( r=0.27, P <0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, sleep quality played a partial mediating role in the associations between dependent and conflictual mother-child relationships and executive function, the mediating effects were 19.40% and 11.22% respectively. Conclusions Sleep quality plays a mediating role in the association between mother-child relationship and the executive function of preschool children. Improving sleep quality in the early stage can promote the executive function of preschool children.

Objective To describe and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of scrub typhus in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2024 and explore the long-term incidence trend and distribution of high-risk areas, and to formulate targeted prevention and control strategies. Methods The scrub typhus case report data of Huai'an from 2006 to 2024 in the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System were extracted for descriptive analysis. Results A total of 898 cases of scrub typhus were reported in Huai'an, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.96 per 100 000 from 2006 to 2024. There was a turning point in the incidence trend of scrub typhus in 2011. From 2006 to 2011, the annual percentage change (APC) was 47.09% (95% CI: 7.53 - 859.39), and the upward trend was statistically significant (P < 0.05). From 2012 to 2024, the APC was -2.12% (95% CI: -29.09 - 3.75), and the downward trend was not statistically significant. October and November were the high-incidence months, and the total concentration from 2006 to 2024 was 0.93, indicating that scrub typhus had strict seasonality. The circular distribution method estimated that the peak period of the epidemic was from October 11th to November 25th, and the peak day of incidence was November 3rd. Jinhu County was a high-incidence area. The ratio of male to female cases was 1.03. The age group with the highest reported incidence was 40 to < 80 years old. The occupation with the highest proportion was farmers, accounting for 78.03%. Conclusion From 2006 to 2024, scrub typhus in Huai'an shows a peak every 3 - 4 years. Middle-aged and elderly farmers are the key population at risk, and Jinhu County is a key area. In the future, targeted health education should be carried out to effectively control the prevalence of scrub typhus.

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effect of Tibetan medicine 70 Wei Pearl Pill(RNSP)on 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)induced Parkinson's disease model rats and its related mechanism.Methods Totally 48 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,model plus low-dose RNSP group(90 mg/kg),model plus medium-dose RNSP group(180 mg/kg),model plus high-dose RNSP group(360 mg/kg),and model plus madopar group(50 mg/kg),with 8 rats in per group.Except for the control group,the other rats were treated with 6-OHDA single injection into the striatum to establish the PD model.Each group was given intragastric administration after modeling and the control group and model group were given an equal volume of saline once a day for 4 weeks.The rats were subjected to apomorphine-induced rotation,experiments at the 2nd and 4th week after the completion of modeling,and the open field experiment was conducted the next day after the last rotation experiment to observe the animal behavior.After the behavioral experiment,the rats were stained with tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)in the substantia nigra pars compacta by immunohistochemical method and the positive neurons were counted.The protein levels of Bcl-2,BAX,Caspase-3 in substantia nigra and P38,P-P38,ERK,P-ERK,JNK,P-JNK in the striatum were detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with the control group,the rotation frequency and percentage of rotating rats in the model group increased significantly at the 2nd and 4th weeks after modeling;the open field active distance,average speed and times of crossing the grid were significantly decreased;and the rest time was significantly increased.While the number of TH positive neurons in the substantia nigra was significantly decreased,the BAX and Caspase-3 protein levels were increased significantly,Bcl-2 was decreased significantly,the ratios of P-P38/P38,P-JNK/JNK and P-ERK/ERK in the striatum were significantly increased in PD group.Compared with the model group,the rotation frequency and percentage of rotating rats in the low-,medium-and high-dose groups of RNSP had no significant changes after 2 weeks of administration,the rotation frequency in the high-dose group and percentage of rotating rats in the low-and medium-dose RNSP groups significantly decreased after 4 weeks of administration.The open field active distance,average speed,and times of crossing the grid were significantly increased;the rest time was significantly decreased.The number of TH positive neurons in the substantia nigra was significantly increased,the Bax and Caspase-3 protein levels were decreased significantly while the Bcl-2 was significantly increased.The ratios of P-P38/P38,P-JNK/JNK and P-ERK/ERK in the striatum were significantly decreased.Conclusion Tibetan medicine RNSP can improve the motor ability and reduce the loss of DA neurons in PD rats,and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting P38/JNK/ERK signaling pathway and reducing the apoptosis of midbrain neurons.

Objective The finite element pelvis model with detailed anatomical structures which meets the Chinese human 95th percentile characteristics is developed,and the influence of cortical bone modeling method on the biomechanical response of the real pelvis is explored.Methods Based on the pelvic medical images of a 95th percentile male volunteer,two finite element pelvis models with real hip bone cortical bone thickness(REA-M)and 2 mm uniform cortical bone thickness(CON-M)dominated by hexahedral elements were constructed.Using the simulation method to reconstruct the loading conditions of cadaver experiments,the validation of models was verified by comparing the cadaver experimental results and simulation results,and biomechanical response differences of two models under different working conditions were discussed.Results The simulation data showed that there was a strong correlation between the overall biomechanical responses of two pelvic models and the cadaver experiment,and the mechanical response difference between two models was mostly within 8％,and the correlation score difference between two models was smaller than 2％.Conclusions The validation of two pelvic models established in this study is verified by rebuilding multiple simulation experiments.Although the biomechanical responses of CON-M and REA-M models were different,the difference was small.From the perspective of model simplification,the CON-M model can be used to study the biomechanical response of the pelvis.

Objective:To investigate the combined application of cytology, cell block histology and immunohistochemistry to improve the diagnostic accuracy of solid pancreatic lesions in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) samples.Methods:The pathological data of EUS-FNA in 311 cases of solid pancreatic lesions submitted to the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China from May 2019 to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The cases included pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC, 172 cases), solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN, 12 cases), neuroendocrine tumors (PNET, 14 cases) and chronic pancreatitis (113 cases). The cytological features of smears, the histology of cell block sections and the diagnostic markers in PDAC, SPN and PNET were analyzed. The diagnostic accuracies of cytology, cell block histology/immunohistochemistry and combination of the two methods for classifying these pancreatic solid lesions were evaluated.Results:Irregular arrangement of atypical (cancer) cells, anisonucleosis and nuclear atypia were the typical cytological features of PDAC, while presence of pseudopapillae with a myxoid/hyalinized fibrovascular core and low adhesion/salt-and-pepper chromatin were diagnostic features of SPN and NET, respectively. Immunohistochemical results showed that CK7 and CK19 were the most sensitive markers of pancreatic ductal epithelia, and the diffuse strong expression of S-100P (102/111, 91.9%) and aberrant expression of p53 (80/111, 72.1%) were important immunophenotypic markers of PDAC. Various degrees of CDX2 expression could be found in 66.4% PDAC. The expression of CD10, PR, vimentin, CD99 and cyclinD1 and the aberrant expression of β-catenin were the immunophenotypic features of SPN, while the expression of CgA, Syn and CD56 were indispensable immunemarkers for the diagnosis of PNET. Overall, cytology had higher sensitivity than cell block histology (93.9% versus 82.8%) and lower specificity (92.9% versus 99.1%), while the combination of the two methods significantly improved the sensitivity to 96.9% in solid pancreatic lesions. The combination of cytology and cell block histology could significantly improve the diagnostic efficacy of EUS-FNA in PDAC.Conclusions:Integrated diagnosis based on cytology (including rapid on-site evaluation), cell block histology and immunohistochemical findings could significantly improve the diagnostic yield of EUS-FNA in classifying solid pancreatic lesions.

Abnormal deployment of the airbag during a frontal car collision can cause injuries to the upper extremity of drivers with non-standard driving postures.Finite element simulation offers an effective approach for evaluating such injury risks.In this study,a biomechanical finite element model of the upper limb of the 95th percentile human body with detailed anatomical structures was developed.The validity of the upper extremity-airbag collision model was confirmed by reconstructing the cadaveric forearm and airbag impact experiments.Based on the validated model,the influence of factors such as airbag mass rate parameters,upper limb grip angle,and grip force on upper limb injuries in frontal collisions was investigated.The results indicate that variations in these three parameters have a significant influence on upper extremity injury,and these factors should be considered in the assessment of upper extremity injuries during car collision.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanisms of moxibustion in improving osteoporosis in rats using high-throughput micro-RNA(miRNA)sequencing analysis.Methods A total of 18 female Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into an operation group(12 rats),which was subjected to ovariectomy to induce osteoporosis,and a sham operation control(SO)group(6 rats).The 12 osteoporosis model rats were randomly divided into a model(OVX)group and a moxibustion(MOX)group(6 rats per group),which were treated with once-daily moxibustion at the"Shenshu"(BL23)and"Guanyuan"(CV4)acupoints for 20 minutes each time,for 12 weeks.Micro-computed tomography(CT)scans of the rat femur were taken to analyze the trabecular bone thickness(Tb.Th),trabecular separation(Tb.Sp),and bone volume total volume(BV/TV)ratio of the trabecular bone.Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for morphological observation of tibial tissues.Serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and osteocalcin(OCN)levels were measured using ELISA.Three randomly selected rats from each group were used for miRNA high-throughput sequencing to screen for differentially expressed miRNAs,which were subjected to functional enrichment analysis and target gene prediction.Results Micro-CT images showed that,compared with the OVX group,the MOX group had superior bone density,significant increases in the Tb.Th and BV/TV score,and a significant decrease in Tb.Sp(P＜0.05).ELISA indicated that,compared with the OVX group,the MOX group showed a significant decrease in serum ALP activity and a significant increase in serum OCN content(P＜0.05).The miRNA sequencing result showed that 34 miRNAs were commonly expressed between the OVX group and the intervention group,and 15 miRNAs were commonly expressed between the OVX group and the intervention group.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in signaling pathways involving MAPK,Ras,FoxO,TNF,and cancer-related microRNAs.For the top five most differentially expressed microRNAs,namely miR-153-5p,miR-201-5p,miR-449c-5p,miR-451-3p,and miR-153-3p,target gene predictions yielded 10 major targets:Ebf2,Rtn4,Fbxl3,Naa15,Vamp2,Daam1,Akap6,Camta1,Ptprz1,and Lamp1.Conclusions Acupuncture slowed the progression of osteoporosis,improved bone microstructure,and balanced bone metabolism in rats.This therapeutic effect may be achieved through regulation of the expression of microRNAs and their target genes;however,the underlying mechanism requires further exploration.

Objective To investigate the risk of thoracoabdominal injuries in six-year-old child occupants in a reclined seating posture during frontal collisions,and provide a reference for developing child restraint systems(CRS).Methods Three validated biomechanical models of six-year-old child occupants in different seating postures with detailed anatomical structures were used.The acceleration curve from a sport utility vehicle crash test was applied to analyze the effects of seating posture on thoracic motion trajectory,chest acceleration,thoracoabdominal compression,viscous criterion(VC)of the chest and abdomen,internal organ strain,and spinal stress.Results Thoracic motion trajectories varied in the Z-direction under three seating postures.As the upper torso angle increased,thoracoabdominal kinematic injury parameters showed an upward trend.The thoracic and abdominal VC under 120° and 135° posture increased by 67％and 113％,10.7％and 25％compared with that under 105° standard sitting posture.The risk of thoracic internal organ injury was inversely related to the seating angle,while the risk of abdominal internal organ injury was positively related to the seating angle.The primary spinal injury mechanism was compression-flexion.Conclusions CRS protection evaluation should comprehensively consider thoracoabdominal kinematic parameters,internal organ biomechanics,and spinal injury risk.These findings have important implications for CRS development in intelligent driving systems and occupant protection strategy formulation.

Objective To investigate the effect of linezolid on platelets in patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML)and analyze the safety profile of linezolid by comparing the platelet count and bleeding risk of linezolid during bone marrow suppression in patients after chemotherapy for AML.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent chemotherapy for AML in a tertiary hospital from January 2020 to November 2024.The patients treated with linezolid and those not receiving linezolid were matched in a 1∶2 ratio.The safety of linezolid during bone marrow suppression after chemotherapy for AML was analyzed in terms of platelet count＜20×109/L,＜50×109/L,minimum platelet count,total platelet transfusion volume,and clinical bleeding events.Results A total of 126 patients were enrolled,including 42 patients receiving linezolid and 84 patients not receiving linezolid.There was no significant difference between linezolid group and control group in the days for platelet count＜20×109/Land＜50×109/L.No life-threatening severe bleeding events were reported in either group.The time to platelet recovery and time to platelet count increase prolonged significantly in patients who received linezolid treatment for more than 7 days during bone marrow suppression.Albumin＜35 g/L may prolong the time to platelet count increase.Conclusions This study suggests that short-term use of linezolid for not more than 7 days is safe during bone marrow suppression in patients after chemotherapy for AML.When linezolid is used for more than 7 days,the time required for platelet recovery and platelet count increase will be significantly prolonged.In cases of albumin＜35 g/L,the time required for platelet count increase may be prolonged.These findings can inform clinical decision-making and help optimize infection management strategies for AML patients.

This article reports a successful case of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) in a patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease type 2 (PKD2) combined with Robertsonian translocation. The patient carried a heterozygous frameshift mutation ( PKD2 c.428del, p.Gly143Alafs*90) and a Robertsonian translocation between chromosomes 14 and 15. Through combined PGT for monogenic disorders, structural rearrangements and aneuploidy screening, one euploid blastocyst free of the PKD2 mutation was selected from six embryos for transfer, resulting in the successful delivery of a healthy female infant. Follow-up until June 2025 confirmed normal developmental milestones. This case demonstrates that PGT can effectively mitigate dual genetic risks (monogenic disease and chromosomal abnormality), providing critical clinical insights for optimizing reproductive outcomes in patients with complex genetic backgrounds.