Objective: To compare the Reveos automated blood processing system with the current method, and to evaluate the feasibility and validity of using the Reveos system for blood component preparation. Methods: Forty units of 400 mL whole blood samples were divided into two groups: 2C group (for two-component preparation) and 3C group (for three-component preparation). Each group was further divided into a Reveos subgroup and a control subgroup. Blood components were prepared using the Reveos system and the current centrifugation method respectively. The 2C group yielded suspended red blood cells and plasma, while the 3C group yielded suspended red blood cells, plasma, and platelets. Key quality indicators for red blood cells, plasma, and platelets were measured before and after separation. Inter-group differences were analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Results: The trend of changes in the main performance indicators of red blood cells, plasma, and platelets before and after separation was generally consistent between the Reveos group and the control group, with no significant differences for most performance indicators. The Reveos system outperformed the current method in several aspects: in the 3C group, the hematocrit (Hct) was significantly higher in the Reveos group than in the control group [(62.82%±1.64%) vs (53.62%±3.04)%, P<0.001]; the white blood cell count in red blood cell suspensions was significantly lower than that in the control group [(3.37±1.42)×10 /L vs (8.42±2.30)×10 /L, P<0.001]; plasma yield was 27.5% higher than that in the control group [(183.90±17.37) mL vs (144.28±20.53) mL, P<0.001]; and the platelet activation rate was significantly lower than that in the control group [(21.97±14.25)% vs (34.73±11.92)%, P=0.044]. Conclusion: The Reveos system demonstrates good consistency with the current method in preparing blood components, and outperforms the current method in terms of leukocyte reduction and red blood cell concentration.

ObjectiveTo explore the target of Erzhiwan in reducing myocardial injury in ovariectomized mice through non-targeted myocardial metabolomics combined with experimental verification. MethodsOvariectomized mouse model was selected， 40 female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham operation group， model group， estrogen group（estradiol valerate， 1.3×10^-4 g·kg^-1）， Erzhiwan low and high dose groups（3.12， 9.36 g·kg^-1）， with 8 mice in each group. Each administration group was given the corresponding dose of Erzhiwan by gavage， and the sham operation group and model group were given equal volume of distilled water by gavage for 12 weeks. Echocardiography was used to detect cardiac function， hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining was used to observe myocardial morphological changes， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect the levels of estrogen， N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide（NT-proBNP）， hypersensitive troponin T（hs-TnT）， total cholesterol（TC）， triglyceride（TG）， low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）， high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）， interleukin（IL）-1β， IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）. The non-targeted metabolomics of mouse myocardium were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbital trap high-resolution mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS）， and the differential metabolites and corresponding metabolic pathways were obtained. The mRNA expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K） and protein kinase B（Akt） in mouse myocardial tissues were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）， and the protein expression levels of PI3K， Akt， phosphorylated（p）-Akt were detected by Western blot. ResultsCompared with the sham operation group， the model group showed abnormal cardiac function， increased myocardial fiber space， cardiomyocyte atrophy， sarcoplasmic aggregation， and occasional dissolution or rupture of muscle fiber， the level of estrogen in the serum was decreased， the levels of NT-proBNP， hs-TnT， IL-1β， IL-18， TNF-α， TG， TC and LDL-C were increased， and the level of HDL-C was decreased（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Erzhiwan could increase the level of estrogen， improve the abnormal cardiac function， reduce the pathological injury of myocardial tissue， decrease the levels of myocardial injury markers（NT-proBNP， hs-TnT） and inflammatory factors（IL-1β， IL-18， TNF-α）， decrease the levels of TG， TC， LDL-C， and increased the level of HDL-C（P<0.01）. The results of non-targeted myocardial metabolomics showed that 31 of the 162 differential metabolites between the model group and sham operation group were significantly adjusted after administration of Erzhiwan， which were mainly glycerol phospholipid metabolites. Pathway enrichment results showed that Erzhiwan mainly affected glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway， PI3K-Akt pathway， cyclic guanosine monophosphate（cGMP）-protein kinase G（PKG） pathway and other metabolic pathways. Compared with the sham operation group， the levels of phosphatidylcholine（PC， 11 types） and phosphatidylethanolamine（PE， 5 types） in mouse myocardial tissue of the model group were increased（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the mRNA and protein expressions of PI3K and p-Akt were decreased（P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the levels of PC（11 types） and PE（5 types） were decreased（P<0.05， P<0.01） in myocardial tissue of Erzhiwan group， the mRNA and protein expressions of PI3K and p-Akt were elevated（P<0.01）. ConclusionErzhiwan can alleviate the pathological injury of myocardium in ovariectomized mice， improve the abnormal cardiac function， improve lipid metabolism disorder， and reduce the levels of myocardial injury markers and inflammatory factors， which involves a number of signaling and metabolic pathways in the heart， among which glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway and PI3K/Akt pathway may have key roles.

Objective:To share our experience of single-port transoral Da Vinci robotic surgery for laryngeal and pharyngeal benign tumors.Methods:Three patients aged over 18 years and diagnosed respectively with epiglottic cyst, aryepiglottic fold cyst and thyroglossal duct cyst at tongue base were included who received operations in Hainan Hospital of Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Boao Research Hospital of Hainan) between August 1, 2023 and April 10, 2024. There were 1 male and 2 females, with an average age of 59 years old. The clinical diagnosis of these 3 patients was respectively epiglottic cyst, aryepiglottic fold cyst and thyroglossal duct cyst at tongue base. Intraoperative conversion rate, blood loss, operation time, hospital stay, pain score and swallowing function score were analyzed.Results:All three patients successfully underwent the operations with the single-port Da Vinci robotic system. The clean-contaminated resection rate of the tumors was 100%. The conversion rate was nil. The blood loss was 0-7 ml. The operation time was 5-30 minutes. There were no adverse events such as loosening of teeth and soft tissue abrasions of pharyngeal side wall. The rate of oral feeding within 24 hours after surgery was 100%. No postoperative coughing, bleeding, or dyspnea occurred. The average length of hospital stay was 3.7 days. The VAS score decreased 3 days after surgery compared to 1 day after surgery. The swallowing function recovered 1 month after surgery.Conclusion:The single-port transoral robotic surgery for laryngeal and pharyngeal benign lesions is safe and efficient, with fewer complications.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between expressions of serum procalcitonin (PCT), T-cell immunogloblin domain, mucin domain 4 (TIM-4) and prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia (SP) treated with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).Methods:Data of 497 patients with SP in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University from June 2021 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into good prognosis group [pneumonia severity index (PSI) score<90 points, 289 cases] and poor prognosis group (PSI score≥90 points, 208 cases) according to the prognosis status of patients at 30 days after admission. The clinical data [history of smoking, alcohol consumption, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, gender, age, body mass index, PSI score after 30 d of admission, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) and clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) after 14 days of treatment], serum PCT and TIM-4 levels were compared between both groups. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as xˉ± s, and t test was used for comparison between groups. Enumeration data were represented as n (%), and the composition ratio between groups was compared by χ2 test. The influencing factors of prognosis of BAL in the treatment of SP were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. ROC curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic efficiency of serum PCT and TIM-4 on prognosis of BAL therapy. Results:Age (56.79±11.98) years, APACHEⅡscore (9.98±3.27) and CPIS score (6.54±1.81) in the good prognosis group were younger or lower than those in the poor prognosis group [(62.74±10.57) years, (13.06±4.25), (8.12±1.97)] ( t=5.734, 9.127, 9.250, respectively, P<0.001). The PCT (0.41±0.08) μg/L and TIM-4 (61.79±15.62) ng/L after treatment were higher in the poor prognosis group than those in the good prognosis group [(0.35±0.07) μg/L, (48.76±14.58) ng/L] ( t=8.876, 9.538, respectively, P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis suggested that after excluding the interference effects of other factors, PCT ( OR=3.615, 95% CI: 1.641-7.964) and TIM-4 ( OR=4.047, 95% CI: 1.773-9.236) were influencing factors of prognosis in patients with SP receiving BAL therapy ( P=0.002, 0.001). ROC curve analysis indicated that the AUC value of PCT, TIM-4 and the combination of both in the diagnosis of prognosis of BAL therapy of SP were 0.782, 0.828 and 0.887 respectively, all of which had efficiency on predicting prognosis (all P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of combined prediction were 88.00% and 72.00%. Conclusion:The expressions of serum PCT and TIM-4 are closely related to the prognosis of SP patients receiving BAL. The PCT, TIM-4 and combination of both are of important reference value for prognosis prediction.

Objective:To investigate the expression of SLIT2/ROBO1 in prostate cancer and its clinical significance.Methods:A total of 100 cases of radical prostatectomy paraffin specimens at Department of Clinical Pathology, the average age of the patients was (71.8±7.8) years, the People?s Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen from January 2015 to December 2019 were collected and immunohistochemical staining was used to analyze the correlation between SLIT2/ROBO1 expression and clinicopathological features in prostate cancer.COX regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of biochemical recurrence in patients with prostate cancer after radical treatment.Prostate cancer cells PC3 and LNCaP were used as research objects, ROBO1 was silenced by small interfering RNA specific to human ROBO1, and its effect on the growth rate of prostate cancer was observed by CCK8 assay.Transwell cell migration and invasion assay was used to detect the effect of ROBO1 knock-down on the migration and invasion ability of prostate cancer cells.Protein immunoimprinting assay was used to detect the expression of TGF-β/SMAD pathway-related proteins after ROBO1 knockdown.Results:The expressions of SLIT2 and ROBO1 in prostate cancer were increased with the increase of prostate cancer Gleason score system (Gleason score) and International Society of Urology Pathology score (ISUP)( P<0.05). The expression was significantly up-regulated in prostate cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis ( P<0.01) and T3 stage.In addition, COX regression univariate analysis showed that age, preoperative PSA level, Gleason and ISUP scores, T stage, lymph node metastasis and ROBO1 protein expression status were correlated with postoperative biochemical recurrence.COX regression multivariate analysis showed that ROBO1 high expression, age, preoperative PSA value and T stagewere risk factors for the prognosis of prostate cancer ( P<0.05).The results of cell experiments showed that ROBO1 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells.The expression of TGF-β/SMAD was decreased after ROBO1 knockdown and SLIT2/ROBO1 inhibitor (P144)treatment, respectively. Conclusions:The high expression of SLIT2 and ROBO1 is associated with the progression and differentiation of prostate cancer.The high expression of ROBO1 is a risk factor for biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer.At the same time, ROBO1 can inhibit the migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells by regulating the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway.

Enamel demineralization, the formation of white spot lesions, is a common issue in clinical orthodontic treatment. The appearance of white spot lesions not only affects the texture and health of dental hard tissues but also impacts the health and aesthetics of teeth after orthodontic treatment. The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of white spot lesions that occur throughout the orthodontic treatment process involve multiple dental specialties. This expert consensus will focus on providing guiding opinions on the management and prevention of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment, advocating for proactive prevention, early detection, timely treatment, scientific follow-up, and multidisciplinary management of white spot lesions throughout the orthodontic process, thereby maintaining the dental health of patients during orthodontic treatment.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Caries/etiology* ; Dental Enamel/pathology* ; Tooth Demineralization/etiology* ; Tooth Remineralization

Objective The purpose of writing the"expert consensus on humanistic care for patients in hospice care"(hereinafter referred to as the"consensus")aims to standardize the practice of humanistic care in the field of hospice care,ensuring that humanistic care is integrated throughout the entire service process for hospice care patients and their families.Methods A systematic search was conducted in domestic and foreign databases for literature related to hospice care and humanistic care,including guidelines,expert consensuses,systematic reviews or Meta-analyses,and evidence summaries.High-quality evidence was evaluated,extracted,and summarized to form the initial draft of the"consensus".From June to October 2024,20 experts from the fields of hospice care,nursing humanities,and evidence-based nursing were invited to participate in 1 round of expert consultation.Among them,13 experts were selected for 2 rounds of expert demonstration meetings.After collating and analyzing the experts' opinions,the initial draft was revised and refined,ultimately resulting in the final version of the"consensus".Results The effective response rate of the consultation questionnaire was 100％,with expert authority coefficient of 0.880,judgment coefficient of 0.935,and familiarity level of 0.825.The Kendall harmony coefficient of the expert consultation was 0.134(P＜0.05).The"consensus"consisted of 13 aspects,including the targets and objectives,principles,institutional guarantees,environmental requirements,etc.Conclusion This"consensus"possesses strong scientific rigor and practicality,which can provide guidance and references for the practice of humanistic care in the field of hospice care,promoting the standardization and humanization of hospice care services.

Objective:This study aims to investigate the feasibility and safety of implanting leadless pacemakers in the low septum and its impact on cardiac electrical synchronization.Methods:A total of 36 patients who received leadless pacemaker implantation at Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital from January 2021 to August 2023 were included in this study.According to implantation sites of leadless pacemakers,patients were divided into mid-septal group(n=16)and low-septal group(n=20).The clinical characteristics and cardiac electrical synchronization were compared between the two groups.Results:There were 21 male patients,mean age was(68±13)years old.There was no statistical difference in the type of brady-arrhythmia between the two groups(P=0.73).There were 61 implant attempts in these 36 patients,and there was no significant difference in the number of attempts,procedure time,and pacemaker parameters between the two groups,but the average procedure time tended to be shorter in the low-septal group([84±37]minutes vs.[105±35]minutes,P=0.09).In terms of electrical synchronization,there was no statistical difference in QRS duration between the low-septal group and the mid-septal group([162.0±21.1]ms vs.[174.0±14.8]ms,P=0.20).There were no vascular puncture complications,cardiac perforation,or pericardial tamponade during the procedure.There were no complications and readmissions related to the leadless pacemaker during follow-up period.Conclusions:Our results show that the implantation of a leadless pacemaker in the low ventricular septum is safe and effective,has a similar impact on cardiac electrical synchronization as mid-septal pacing.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between expressions of serum procalcitonin (PCT), T-cell immunogloblin domain, mucin domain 4 (TIM-4) and prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia (SP) treated with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).Methods:Data of 497 patients with SP in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University from June 2021 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into good prognosis group [pneumonia severity index (PSI) score<90 points, 289 cases] and poor prognosis group (PSI score≥90 points, 208 cases) according to the prognosis status of patients at 30 days after admission. The clinical data [history of smoking, alcohol consumption, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, gender, age, body mass index, PSI score after 30 d of admission, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) and clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) after 14 days of treatment], serum PCT and TIM-4 levels were compared between both groups. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as xˉ± s, and t test was used for comparison between groups. Enumeration data were represented as n (%), and the composition ratio between groups was compared by χ2 test. The influencing factors of prognosis of BAL in the treatment of SP were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. ROC curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic efficiency of serum PCT and TIM-4 on prognosis of BAL therapy. Results:Age (56.79±11.98) years, APACHEⅡscore (9.98±3.27) and CPIS score (6.54±1.81) in the good prognosis group were younger or lower than those in the poor prognosis group [(62.74±10.57) years, (13.06±4.25), (8.12±1.97)] ( t=5.734, 9.127, 9.250, respectively, P<0.001). The PCT (0.41±0.08) μg/L and TIM-4 (61.79±15.62) ng/L after treatment were higher in the poor prognosis group than those in the good prognosis group [(0.35±0.07) μg/L, (48.76±14.58) ng/L] ( t=8.876, 9.538, respectively, P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis suggested that after excluding the interference effects of other factors, PCT ( OR=3.615, 95% CI: 1.641-7.964) and TIM-4 ( OR=4.047, 95% CI: 1.773-9.236) were influencing factors of prognosis in patients with SP receiving BAL therapy ( P=0.002, 0.001). ROC curve analysis indicated that the AUC value of PCT, TIM-4 and the combination of both in the diagnosis of prognosis of BAL therapy of SP were 0.782, 0.828 and 0.887 respectively, all of which had efficiency on predicting prognosis (all P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of combined prediction were 88.00% and 72.00%. Conclusion:The expressions of serum PCT and TIM-4 are closely related to the prognosis of SP patients receiving BAL. The PCT, TIM-4 and combination of both are of important reference value for prognosis prediction.

Thoracic anesthesia with spontaneous respiration represents a form of precision anesthesia meticulously customized to individual patients.Considering the more stringent requirements this anesthesia approach imposes on the regulation of respiratory function,the writing group of the"Consensus of Experts on the Management of Thoracic Anesthesia with Spontaneous Respiration"has formulated elaborate guidelines regarding indications and contraindications,preoperative evaluation,anesthesia implementation,common complications,and treatment strategies.This was accomplished by referencing relevant domestic and international literature and integrating it with actual clinical requirements.The objective is to standardize the rational application of this anesthesia method.