Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), highly expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts, is closely related to changes in the tumor microenvironment. Radionuclide-labeled FAP inhibitor (FAPI) is a novel tumor therapeutic agent targeting FAP. It can specifically bind to FAP and emit radiation-killing signals, and has been gradually applied to tumor radionuclide internal radiation therapy (IRT). This review summarizes the research progress of various FAP-targeted radiopharmaceuticals in tumor radionuclide IRT, aiming to gain a deeper understanding of their intrinsic properties and promote broader clinical applications.

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with stage Ⅰ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and analyze the factors associated with prognosis.Methods:A case series study was conducted by retrospectively collecting clinical data from patients aged over 60 years with newly diagnosed stage Ⅰ DLBCL across 20 medical centers in Jiangsu Province, China, between June 2010 and April 2023. The involved site, classification and treatment plan were summarized. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression model.Results:The study included 255 patients with a median age of 69 years, of whom 130 (51.0%) were male, 66 (25.9%) were aged ≥75 years and 26 (10.1%) had a high Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score of ≥2. Extranodal involvement was observed in 163 (63.9%) patients, with the stomach (37.4%, 61/163), intestine (19.0%, 31/163), testes (11.0%, 18/163), and breast (7.4%, 12/163) being the most frequently affected sites. The non-germinal center B-cell (non-GCB) subtype was prevalent in 63.7% of patients (142/223), with no significant difference between the nodal and extranodal groups ( P=0.681). Furthermore, 73.9% (184/249) and 11.7% (29/249) of patients received the R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) and R-miniCHOP regimen, respectively. The overall 3-year PFS rate was 81.5%, and the 3-year OS rate was 85.6%. Patients aged ≥75 years ( HR=2.910, 95% CI 1.565-5.408, P=0.001) and/or with a CCI score ≥2 ( HR=2.324, 95% CI 1.141-4.732, P=0.020) had a significantly poorer PFS. Incorporating age ≥75 years and CCI score ≥2 into the stage-modified international prognostic index (sm-IPI) can better stratify the prognosis of elderly patients with stage Ⅰ DLBCL. The 3-year PFS rate was 48.7% in the high-risk group versus 85.7% in the low-risk group ( P<0.001). Conclusions:Our findings show that the elderly patients with stage Ⅰ DLBCL were predominantly characterized by extranodal involvement (particularly in the stomach and intestinal tract) and non-GCB subtype. Age ≥75 years and CCI ≥2 were identified as independent prognostic factors. The newly established sm-IPI-75-CCI incorporating these factors demonstrated superior prognostic discrimination compared to conventional risk assessment systems.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), highly expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts, is closely related to changes in the tumor microenvironment. Radionuclide-labeled FAP inhibitor (FAPI) is a novel tumor therapeutic agent targeting FAP. It can specifically bind to FAP and emit radiation-killing signals, and has been gradually applied to tumor radionuclide internal radiation therapy (IRT). This review summarizes the research progress of various FAP-targeted radiopharmaceuticals in tumor radionuclide IRT, aiming to gain a deeper understanding of their intrinsic properties and promote broader clinical applications.

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with stage Ⅰ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and analyze the factors associated with prognosis.Methods:A case series study was conducted by retrospectively collecting clinical data from patients aged over 60 years with newly diagnosed stage Ⅰ DLBCL across 20 medical centers in Jiangsu Province, China, between June 2010 and April 2023. The involved site, classification and treatment plan were summarized. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression model.Results:The study included 255 patients with a median age of 69 years, of whom 130 (51.0%) were male, 66 (25.9%) were aged ≥75 years and 26 (10.1%) had a high Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score of ≥2. Extranodal involvement was observed in 163 (63.9%) patients, with the stomach (37.4%, 61/163), intestine (19.0%, 31/163), testes (11.0%, 18/163), and breast (7.4%, 12/163) being the most frequently affected sites. The non-germinal center B-cell (non-GCB) subtype was prevalent in 63.7% of patients (142/223), with no significant difference between the nodal and extranodal groups ( P=0.681). Furthermore, 73.9% (184/249) and 11.7% (29/249) of patients received the R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) and R-miniCHOP regimen, respectively. The overall 3-year PFS rate was 81.5%, and the 3-year OS rate was 85.6%. Patients aged ≥75 years ( HR=2.910, 95% CI 1.565-5.408, P=0.001) and/or with a CCI score ≥2 ( HR=2.324, 95% CI 1.141-4.732, P=0.020) had a significantly poorer PFS. Incorporating age ≥75 years and CCI score ≥2 into the stage-modified international prognostic index (sm-IPI) can better stratify the prognosis of elderly patients with stage Ⅰ DLBCL. The 3-year PFS rate was 48.7% in the high-risk group versus 85.7% in the low-risk group ( P<0.001). Conclusions:Our findings show that the elderly patients with stage Ⅰ DLBCL were predominantly characterized by extranodal involvement (particularly in the stomach and intestinal tract) and non-GCB subtype. Age ≥75 years and CCI ≥2 were identified as independent prognostic factors. The newly established sm-IPI-75-CCI incorporating these factors demonstrated superior prognostic discrimination compared to conventional risk assessment systems.

BACKGROUND: Previous research demonstrated that a homozygous mutation of g.136372044G>A (S12N) in caspase recruitment domain family member 9 ( CARD9 ) is critical for producing Aspergillus fumigatus -induced ( Af -induced) T helper 2 (T H 2)-mediated responses in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). However, it remains unclear whether the CARD9S12N mutation, especially the heterozygous occurrence, predisposes the host to ABPA. METHODS: A total of 61 ABPA patients and 264 controls (including 156 healthy controls and 108 asthma patients) were recruited for sequencing the CARD9 locus to clarify whether patients with this heterozygous single-nucleotide polymorphisms are predisposed to the development of ABPA. A series of in vivo and in vitro experiments, such as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, and RNA isolation and quantification, were used to illuminate the involved mechanism of the disease. RESULTS: The presence of the p.S12N mutation was associated with a significant risk of ABPA in ABPA patients when compared with healthy controls and asthma patients, regardless of Aspergillus sensitivity. Relative to healthy controls without relevant allergies, the mutation of p.S12N was associated with a significant risk of ABPA (OR: 2.69 and 4.17 for GA and AA genotypes, P = 0.003 and 0.029, respectively). Compared with patients with asthma, ABPA patients had a significantly higher heterozygous mutation (GA genotype), indicating that p.S12N might be a significant ABPA-susceptibility locus ( aspergillus sensitized asthma: OR: 3.02, P = 0.009; aspergillus unsensitized asthma: OR: 2.94, P = 0.005). The mutant allele was preferentially expressed in ABPA patients with heterozygous CARD9S12N , which contributes to its functional alterations to facilitate Af -induced T H 2-mediated ABPA development. In terms of mechanism, Card9 wild-type ( Card9WT ) expression levels decreased significantly due to Af -induced decay of its messenger RNA compared to the heterozygous Card9S12N . In addition, ABPA patients with heterozygous CARD9S12N had increased Af -induced interleukin-5 production. CONCLUSION Our study provides the genetic evidence showing that the heterozygous mutation of CARD9S12N , followed by allele expression imbalance of CARD9S12N , facilitates the development of ABPA.
Humans ; Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary/complications* ; Aspergillus fumigatus/genetics* ; Asthma/genetics* ; Aspergillus ; Mutation/genetics* ; CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/genetics*

Objective:To explore the surgical method and clinical effect of forearm arterialized venous flap in repair of soft tissue defects of fingers.Methods:A total of 13 cases of finger soft tissue defects with exposure of deep tissue were repaired with forearm arterialized venous flap from January, 2013 to October, 2019. The flap was designed in the forearm, and 2 parallel superficial veins were selected, the diameter of vein was similar to that at recipient site. The long axis of the flap was the same as that of the vein, and the width of the flap was divided into 3 equal parts by the 2 superficial veins. The free flap was cut longitudinally in the middle between 2 vessels under microscope, and a width of about 2 mm of the subcutaneous tissue was removed to the subdermal vascular network. The communicating branch between 2 vessels was ligated, and the subcutaneous tissue between 2 vessels was cut completely. The flap was not inverted, and the cut area was 3.5 cm× 2.5 cm-7.0 cm×4.0 cm. The proximal ends of the 2 vessels in the flap were anastomosed with the arteries and veins of the recipient area.Results:Thirteen flaps survived, and 9 patient entered follow-up for an average of 11(3-23) months. The flaps were soft and had no effect on the joint movement, slightly bloated. The TPD of flaps was 9 - 18 mm, with an average of 13 mm.Conclusion:Forearm arterialized venous flap has the advantages of high survival rate, satisfactory function, finger pulp-type change, superficial location, easy harvest and no sacrifice of main artery. It is an ideal method for repairing finger soft tissue defects.

Objective To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of peer-assisted learning (PAL) in the clinical probation teaching of orthopaedics in excellent doctors classes. Methods Forty students in the 2014 excellent doctors class in Inner Mongolia Medical University were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group adopted the PAL teaching mode, and the control group received the ordinary teaching mode . At the end of the internship , theoretical knowledge and practical skills tests were conducted, and self-evaluation and course evaluation were completed in the form of questionnaires. Results The scores of the experimental group in theoretical knowledge and practical skills were higher than those of the control group, and the differences are statistically significant [theoretical scores (97.2±0.7) vs. (90.2±1.3); practical operation scores (98.5±2.4) vs. (89.2±1.5); case analysis (98.1 ±0.8) vs. (92.3 ±2.8), P<0.05]. Students in the experimental group were generally satisfied with their mastering of the basic theoretical knowledges and clinical practice skills of orthopaedics. Conclusion The application of the PAL model in clinical probation teaching not only stimulates students' enthusiasm for learning, but also enhances their eagerness in self-learning;it helps students master the basic theoretical knowledge and clinical skills better in clinical probation.

With the market-oriented application of new technologies and the development of various subjects in hospitals, more and more point-of-care test(POCT) devices appear in medical institutions, as an important method for rapid clinical acquisition of test results. As introduced by the authors, the hospital since 2017, established based on the hospital′s total quality management system, the POCT management committee, and built the hospital′s POCT quality management system. Thanks to its efforts, the hospital has fully standardized the POCT management from equipment procurement, test, maintenance, personnel training and examination, thus further ensuring medical quality.

Objective To explore the inflammatory mechanisms of pulmonary embolism ( PTE ) and/or deep venous thrombosis ( DVT ) in elders secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) exacerbation.Methods A total of 26 elders with acute exacerbation of high-risk COPD secondary PTE and/or DVT and 26 patients with low-risk COPD during stable phase diagnosed during the period of January 2008 to December 2012 were enrolled.The relevant parameters of routine blood examination , blood viscosity, D-dimer, fibrinogen ( FIB), arterial blood gas, blood cytokine, erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR ) and C-reactive protein ( CRP ) were retrospectively analyzed.Results The major nonspecific symptoms were cough, sputum and dyspnea.The mean of neutrophile percentage (N%), D-dimer, FIB, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), C-reactive protein (CRP), low and high shear blood viscosity in blood samples of patients with acute exacerbation of high-risk COPD secondary PTE and ( or ) DVT were higher than those of the control group ( t =3.339, 2.700, 2.207, 2.431, 2.257, 2.143, 2.223, 2.797, all P<0.05).However arterial partial pressure of oxygen ( PaO2 ) was lower than that of lower-risk COPD patients (t=4.312, P<0.05).IL-6 in blood of patients with acute exacerbation of high-risk COPD secondary PTE and ( or) DVT was positively correlated with low-shear blood viscosity , D-dimer and FIB (r=0.437, 0.624, 0.429, all P<0.05).TNF in blood of patients with acute exacerbation of high-risk COPD secondary PTE and ( or ) DVT was positively correlated to FIB , low and high cut blood viscosity ( r =0.624, 0.519, 0.513, all P <0.05 ).Plasma CRP in blood of patients with acute exacerbation of high-risk COPD secondary PTE and/or DVT was positively correlated with D-dimer, FIB, IL-6 and TNF ( r=0.478, 0.541, 0.533, 0.491, all P<0.05).Conclusions Inflammation may exist in elders with acute exacerbation of high-risk COPD secondary thrombotic disease.IL-6 and TNF may promote thrombosis secondary to acute exacerbation of COPD disease.Early screening and/or prophylactic anticoagulation are necessary for prevention.