Objective To investigate the status of pain and influencing factors of patients with chronic wounds.Methods A convenience sampling was used to recruit 186 patients with chronic wounds from a tertiary hospital in Chongqing between January and August 2024.General information questionnaire,Numeric Rating Scale(NRS),and Chronic Wound Pain Status Questionnaire were used to collect data.Results The 186 patients had a median score for pain knowledge of 15(12,19),for pain attitude of 40(37,45),and for coping behaviors of 21(16,26).Generalized linear model analysis showed that age,education level,and per capita monthly household income were independent factors influencing pain knowledge(standardized regression coefficients:-1.625,2.071,1.209;95％CI:-2.479～-0.770,1.431～2.711,0.160～2.258,respectively;P＜0.05).Education level and baseline pain intensity were independent factors influencing pain attitude(standardized regression coefficients:3.036,-2.211;95％CI:2.146～3.926,-3.568～-0.854;P＜0.05).Education level and type of pain persistence were independent factors influencing coping behaviors to pain(standardized regression coefficients:1.001,-1.694;95％CI:0.194～1.809,-3.262～-0.126;P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with chronic wounds have generally low levels of pain-related knowledge,attitudes,and coping behaviors.Age,per capita monthly household income,education level,and pain characteristics significantly influence their pain status.Education level plays a key role in influencing pain among patients with chronic wounds by shaping their access to pain-related knowledge,development of their attitudes toward pain,and execution of pain management behaviors.

Objective To explore the value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging(MRI-DWI)and arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging(ASL)in evaluating the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods A total of 103 patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma who received synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy in Qinghai Armed Police Corps Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected as research subjects.The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)of the primary tumor,the volume of primary tumor(GTVnx),the volume of the primary tumor+the volume of retropharyngeal lymph nodes(GTVnx+RLN),and the tumor blood flow(TBF)of ASL quantitative perfusion parameters were compared between effective 73 case and ineffective patients(30 case)before and after chemoradiotherapy.The receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curves were used to evaluate the value of ADC,GTVnx,GTVnx+RLN and TBF in predicting the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.Univariate method was used to analyze the basic data of patients,and Logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors of chemoradiotherapy of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Results After concurrent chemoradiotherapy,73 patients were included in the effective group,including 36 patients achieving complete remission(CR)and 37 patients achieving partial remission(PR);30 patients were included in the ineffective group,including 25 patients achieving stable disease(SD)and 5 patients achieving disease progression(PD).Before and after treatment,ADC,GTVnx,GTVnx+RLN in the effective group were significantly lower than those in the ineffective group,and TBF in the effective group was higher than that in the ineffective group(P<0.05).The changes of ADC,GTVnx,GTVnx+RLN,and TBF before and after concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the effective group were significantly higher than those in the ineffective group(P<0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)values of ADC,GTVnx,GTVnx+RLN,and TBF for predicting the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma were 0.727,0.555,0.753,and 0.791,respectively.The results of logistic regression model showed that high levels of ADC,GTVnx and GTVnx+RLN,low level of TBF,TNM stage Ⅳ,and low tumor differentiation before treatment were independent risk factors for poor efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients(P<0.05).Conclusion Elevated baseline of ADC,GTVnx and GTVnx+RLN and reduced TBF are correlated with poorer outcomes following chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma,serving as potential predictive biomarkers.

Objective To systematically explore the change of fixator stiffness (0.05-7.50 kN/mm) on healing effects of seven different types of fractures (A1: simple spiral, A2: simple oblique, A3: simple transverse; B2: wedge spiral, B3: wedge fragmented; C2: complex segment, C3: complex irregular) under the OTA/AO fracture classification. Methods Taking intramedullary nail fixation of long bone fracture as research objective, based on strain-regulated tissue differentiation theory, and combined with fuzzy logic algorithm and finite element analysis, the process of fracture healing was numerically simulated. Results Moderate fixator stiffness (1.5-2.5 kN/mm) shortened the healing time while ensuring recovery of biomechanical performance of the fractured bone. However, the appropriate fixator stiffness corresponding to each fracture type was different. The sensitivity of healing effects to change of fixator stiffness was also different. For type A fracture, when fixator stiffness was 1.5 kN/mm, optimal biomechanical recovery of the fractured site could be obtained, while the change in fixator stiffness had a large impact on healing effect. For type B and C fractures, when fixator stiffness was above 1.5 kN/mm, the change in fixator stiffness had no significant effects on recovery of biomechanical performance. Conclusions Fracture healing is affected by both fixator stiffness and fracture types. For treating fractures in clinic, the selection of fixators should carefully take fracture types into account.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of ultrasound shear wave elastography and portal vein hemodynamic parameters for chronic hepatitis and liver fibrosis.Methods:The clinical data of 48 hospitalized patients with chronic hepatitis diagnosed in Fuyang Second People's Hospital from May 2019 to July 2020 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The patients voluntarily received portal vein hemodynamics and ultrasonic shear wave elastography. According to Scheuer's method, 48 patients were classified into 5 stages of liver fibrosis, including 10 patients in S0 stage, 13 patients in S1 stage, 10 patients in S2 stage, 10 patients in S3 stage and 5 patients in S4 stage. The average velocity of portal vein, peak portal vein velocity (PVVmax), portal vein diameter (PVD), liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and Young's modulus of liver were compared. Pathological and liver biopsy was the gold standard to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of various detection methods. The normally distributed measurement data were expressed as xˉ± s, the comparison between multiple groups was performed by one-way ANOVA, and the pairwise comparison was performed by LSD-t test. Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between liver function classification and various parameters. ROC curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of ultrasonic shear wave elastography, portal vein hemodynamics and combined detection in predicting liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis. Results:In the staging of liver fibrosis, the LSM of the patients in the S0 stage was (5.29±0.19) kPa, and the Young's modulus of the liver was (21.65±2.35) kPa; the LSM of the patients in the S1 stage was (6.38±1.25) kPa, and the Young's modulus of the liver ( 22.89±3.19) kPa, LSM (9.76±1.33) kPa and hepatic Young's modulus (23.77±3.52) kPa in S2 group, LSM (15.44±2.44) kPa, hepatic Young's modulus (25.14±2.29) in S3 group, LSM (18.08±1.22) kPa and hepatic Young's modulus (27.94±2.58) kPa in patients with S4 stage, the differences between groups were statistically significant (F values ??were 115.47, 4.84, P values?were <0.001, 0.003), and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). The average flow velocity of patients in S0 stage was (20.56±4.21) cm/s, PVVmax (22.19±4.33) cm/s, the average flow velocity of S1 stage was (18.39±3.79) cm/s, PVVmax (20.69±3.12) cm/s, and the average of S2 stage Flow velocity (13.46±2.21) cm/s, PVVmax (16.65±2.54) cm/s, average flow velocity in S3 stage (10.56±2.85) cm/s, PVVmax (13.42±2.46) cm/s, average flow velocity in S4 stage (8.15±1.65) cm/s, PVVmax (11.89±2.89) cm/s, the difference between the groups was statistically significant (F values were 21.35, 16.96, all P<0.001), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Correlation analysis by Spearman method showed that liver function grades were negatively correlated with average flow velocity and PVVmax (r values ?were -0.75 and -0.88, respectively; all P<0.001), and were positively correlated with liver Young's modulus and LSM. (r values ??were 0.54 and 0.86, respectively; all P<0.001). According to the ROC curve analysis, the AUC predicted by ultrasonic shear wave elastography was 0.75, AUC predicted by portal vein hemodynamics predicts was 0.68, and AUC predicted by combined detection predicts was 0.94. Conclusion:The combination of portal vein hemodynamics and ultrasonic shear wave elastography has a certain diagnostic power for the assessment of chronic hepatitis and liver fibrosis, with high specificity and sensitivity.

Fracture is a common physical injury. Its healing process involves complex biological activities at tissue, cellular and molecular levels and is affected by mechanical and biological factors. Over recent years, numerical simulation methods have been widely used to explore the mechanisms of fracture healing, design fixators and develop novel treatment strategies, etc. This paper mainly recommend the numerical methods used for simulating fracture healing and their latest research progress, which helps people better understand the mechanism of fracture healing, and also provides direction and guidance for the numerical simulation research of fracture healing in the future. First, the fracture healing process and its relationship with mechanical stimulation and biological factors are described. Then, the numerical models used for simulating fracture healing (including mechano-regulatory model, biological regulatory model and mechano-biological regulatory model) and corresponding modeling techniques (mainly including agent-based techniques and fuzzy logic controlling method) were summarized in particular. Finally, the future research directions in numerical simulation of fracture healing were preliminarily prospected.
Computer Simulation ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Stress, Mechanical

Objective To investigate the feasibility of Multi-dimensional Visual Hand Function Rehabilitation Quantitative Assessment System in the assessment of hand function for stroke patients. Methods From November, 2017 to July, 2018, 17 stroke inpatients were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-upper extremities (FMA-UE) and the Multi-dimensional Assessment System. Results The results of Multi-dimensional Assessment System positively correlated with the score of FMA-UE (r = 0.609, P = 0.010). Conclusion The Multi-dimensional Visual Hand Function Rehabilitation Quantitative Assessment System can be used to assess the hand function for stroke patients quantitatively.

Objective To explore the gray matter changes in aggressive patients with schizophrenia,and the relationship between the gray matter and aggression in patients.Methods Eighteen aggressive patients with schizophrenia (SZ1),18 age-and gender-matched un-aggressive patients with schizophrenia (SZ2) and 18 normal controls (NC) were enrolled in the study.Then a 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was conducted for each participant.The voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approach and the Chinese version of Buss & Perry aggression questionnaire (B&P) were used to explore imaging data and to assess the aggression,respectively.Results Compared with NC,patients with schizophrenia showed changes in gray matter volume (GMV) in the frontal,temporal and the occipital lobes (P＜0.05,AlphaSim corrected).Compared with SZ2,SZ1 showed increased GMV in the right supramarginal gyrus,right postcentral gyms,bilateral insula and orbito-frontal gyri (P＜0.05,AlphaSim corrected).The GMV of the right insula,right postcentral gyms and right supramarginal grus were positively associated with B&P scores in patients with schizophrenia (P＜0.01,AlphaSim corrected),respectively.Conclusions These preliminary findings support that the aggression in schizophrenia is associated with GMV changes of brain regions in patients with schizophrenia.The right postcentral gyrus,the right insula and the right supramarginal gyrus may be involved in the neural mechanism of aggression in schizophrenia.