Objective:To analyze the echocardiographic and genetic characteristics of fetuses with common arterial trunk（CAT）.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 77 480 fetal echocardiograms examined at the Maternal-Fetal Medicine center in Fetal Heart Disease of Beijing Anzhen Hospital from November 2010 to November 2024.Among them，106 fetuses were initially diagnosed with CAT，and 95 cases were ultimately confirmed（0.1%，95/77 480）. The echocardiographic and genetic features of CAT fetuses were analyzed. According to the modified Van Praagh classification，CAT was divided into types A1-A4［with ventricular septal defect（VSD）］and B1-B4（without VSD）based on the origin of the pulmonary artery branches and the presence or absence of a VSD. Additionally，CAT was categorized into isolated and complex types based on the presence of associated intracardiac or extracardiac anomalies.Results:① Among the 95 confirmed CAT fetuses，type A accounted for 90.5%（86/95），and type B accounted for 9.5%（9/95）. All 9 type B CAT fetuses exhibited no overriding of the arterial trunk ， with 8 cases showing left ventricular hypoplasia accompanied by mitral atresia or absence.② Of the 95 CAT fetuses，14 were isolated（14.7%，14/95） ， and 81 were complex（85.3%，81/95）.The main associated intracardiac anomalies included：single ventricle（22 cases），complete atrioventricular septal defect（12 cases），anomalous pulmonary venous drainage（10 cases），right aortic arch with mirror-image branching（16 cases），and persistent left superior vena cava（14 cases）. ③ Genetic testing was performed in 31 fetuses，with 18 showing positive results，primarily 22q11.21 deletion syndrome（29.0%，9/31）. Conclusions:Apart from VSD，the most common intracardiac anomaly associated with CAT fetuses is single ventricle. Type B CAT without trunk overriding is often associated with left ventricular hypoplasia and mitral atresia or absence. The most frequent genetic abnormality in CAT fetuses is 22q11.21 deletion syndrome. Prenatal echocardiography should clarify the CAT subtype and associated anomalies，and genetic testing is strongly recommended for perinatal counseling and prognostic evaluation.

Objective:To analyze the echocardiographic and genetic characteristics of fetuses with common arterial trunk（CAT）.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 77 480 fetal echocardiograms examined at the Maternal-Fetal Medicine center in Fetal Heart Disease of Beijing Anzhen Hospital from November 2010 to November 2024.Among them，106 fetuses were initially diagnosed with CAT，and 95 cases were ultimately confirmed（0.1%，95/77 480）. The echocardiographic and genetic features of CAT fetuses were analyzed. According to the modified Van Praagh classification，CAT was divided into types A1-A4［with ventricular septal defect（VSD）］and B1-B4（without VSD）based on the origin of the pulmonary artery branches and the presence or absence of a VSD. Additionally，CAT was categorized into isolated and complex types based on the presence of associated intracardiac or extracardiac anomalies.Results:① Among the 95 confirmed CAT fetuses，type A accounted for 90.5%（86/95），and type B accounted for 9.5%（9/95）. All 9 type B CAT fetuses exhibited no overriding of the arterial trunk ， with 8 cases showing left ventricular hypoplasia accompanied by mitral atresia or absence.② Of the 95 CAT fetuses，14 were isolated（14.7%，14/95） ， and 81 were complex（85.3%，81/95）.The main associated intracardiac anomalies included：single ventricle（22 cases），complete atrioventricular septal defect（12 cases），anomalous pulmonary venous drainage（10 cases），right aortic arch with mirror-image branching（16 cases），and persistent left superior vena cava（14 cases）. ③ Genetic testing was performed in 31 fetuses，with 18 showing positive results，primarily 22q11.21 deletion syndrome（29.0%，9/31）. Conclusions:Apart from VSD，the most common intracardiac anomaly associated with CAT fetuses is single ventricle. Type B CAT without trunk overriding is often associated with left ventricular hypoplasia and mitral atresia or absence. The most frequent genetic abnormality in CAT fetuses is 22q11.21 deletion syndrome. Prenatal echocardiography should clarify the CAT subtype and associated anomalies，and genetic testing is strongly recommended for perinatal counseling and prognostic evaluation.

Objective:To retrieve, evaluate, and integrate the best evidence for enteral nutrition management in children with prone position ventilation, providing a basis for constructing clinical nursing practice programs for enteral nutrition management in children with prone position ventilation.Methods:Evidence on the management of enteral nutrition in children with prone position ventilation, including clinical decisions, guidelines, expert consensus, systematic reviews, and original studies, was electronically retrieved on UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database in Australia, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, Chinese Medical Journal Full-text Database, China Biology Medicine disc, Medlive, Guidelines International Network, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, European Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition and British Dietetic Association. The search period was from the establishment of the database until June 30, 2023. Two researchers independently screened literature, and extracted and summarized evidence from literature that met quality standards.Results:A total of 17 articles were included, including three clinical decisions, 7 guidelines, three expert consensus, two systematic reviews, one cross-sectional study, and one cohort study. Twenty-six pieces of evidence were summarized from 7 themes of preparation before prone position operation, post operation organization, timing of enteral nutrition restart in prone position, management of prone position, selection of feeding methods, management of feeding intolerance, and prevention of aspiration.Conclusions:The best evidence for enteral nutrition management in children with prone position ventilation covers the entire process of enteral nutrition management in prone position children, with strong guidance and operability, which can provide a basis for enteral nutrition management in children with prone position ventilation. Medical and nursing staff should further refine evidence-based nursing practice programs based on the characteristics of children of different age groups, standardize the operation process of enteral nutrition in children with prone position ventilation, ensure the target feeding amount, and reduce the occurrence of complications.

OBJECTIVE To screen the potential drug targets and signaling pathways of Acanthopanax senticosus for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease(AD) by bioinformatics and network pharmacology-based approach, and to preliminarily validate its efficacy. METHODS The ingredients of Acanthopanax senticosus were obtained through literature, the ingredients were screened by Swiss ADME, and potential targets were predicted by Swiss Target Prediction. AD’s differentially expressed genes were screened from the GSE28146 dataset. The target of Acanthopanax senticosus and AD target were mapped to construct a “drug-ingredients-potential target-disease” network and protein-protein interaction network. The DAVID database was used for GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Autodock software was used to verify the molecular docking between key active ingredients and core targets. AD mice model was induced by D-galactose combined with aluminum chloride. Morris water maze test was performed to examine the learning memory ability of each group of mice and to observe the pathological changes in the hippocampus of mice. RESULTS Screened to obtain 24 active components and 74 potential targets of Acanthopanax senticosus for the treatment of AD. “Drug-ingredients-potential target-disease” network indicated that quercetin and kaempferol were the main components of Acanthopanax senticosus for the treatment of AD, and the protein-protein interaction network indicated that STAT3, MAPK1 and PIK3CA were the key targets. Obtained 366 GO enrichment entries(P<0.01) and 109 KEGG enrichment pathways(P<0.01). It mainly involved PI3K-AKT, AGE-RAGE, TNF and other pathways. The molecular docking results showed that the main active ingredients of Acanthopanax senticosus were able to bind well to the main targets. The in vivo pharmacological results showed that Acanthopanax senticosus could significantly improve the learning and memory ability of mice, reduce hippocampal tissue damage, and decrease the content of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in hippocampal tissue. CONCLUSION Acanthopanax senticosus may exert anti-AD effects by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors and reducing inflammatory damage.

Endovascular treatment is a standard treatment regimen for patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by large vessel occlusion. The anesthetic strategy for patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular treatment includes local anesthesia, conscious sedation, and general anesthesia. However, the optimal anesthetic strategy for patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular treatment is controversial.

Objective:To summarize the etiological mechanism, echocardiographic and clinical features of fetal cardiomyopathies (FCMs).Methods:According to the data of echocardiography in Maternal-Fetal Medicine Center in Fetal Heart Disease of Beijing Anzhen Hospital during 2015 January to 2020 December, 70 cases with FCMs were retrospectively reviewed, and the clinical, ultrasonic, pathological and clinical outcome data were collected. Whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing were used to identify the genetic changes.Results:Primary FCMs were diagnosed in 55 cases (78.6%, 55/70), including 39 fetuses with non-compaction of the ventricular myocardium (NVM), 10 with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), 5 with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and 1 with restricted cardiomyopathy (RCM). Secondary FCMs were diagnosed in 15 cases (21.4%, 15/70), including 7 fetuses with maternal anti-Ro/La antibodies (presenting with DCM), 4 with twin-twin transfusion syndrome (2 with DCM and 2 with HCM), 2 with fetal anemia (presenting with DCM), 1 with maternal diabetes (presenting with HCM) and 1 with chorioangioma of the placenta (presenting with DCM). In all cases, 9 cases were born, 3 cases died in perinatal period, and 58 pregnancies were terminated due to ineffective treatment or the decisions of pregnant women. Thirty cases with primary FCMs were performed with genetic tests, and 13 of them were identified with positive genetic changes related to FCMs, including 12 cases with NVM and 1 with HCM.Conclusions:Primary FCMs are more common than secondary FCMs in fetal period. The genetic disorders have a high proportion in fetal NVM. Fetal DCM and HCM have a large spectrum of intrinsic and extrinsic causes.

An essential step for cancer vaccination is to break the immunosuppression and elicit a tumor-specific immunity. A major hurdle against cancer therapeutic vaccination is the insufficient immune stimulation of the cancer vaccines and lack of a safe and efficient adjuvant for human use. We discovered a novel cancer immunostimulant, trichosanthin (TCS), that is a clinically used protein drug in China, and developed a well-adaptable protein-engineering method for making recombinant protein vaccines by fusion of an antigenic peptide, TCS, and a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP), termed an "all-in-one" vaccine, for transcutaneous cancer immunization. The TCS adjuvant effect on antigen presentation was investigated and the antitumor immunity of the vaccines was investigated using the different tumor models. The vaccines were prepared

Objective:To summarize the echocardiography and pathological features of fetal Kabuki syndrome.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the echocardiography and pathological features of seven fetuses with KMT2D pathogenic variants confirmed by copy number variation sequencing, and who were identified as complex congenital heart disease by fetal echocardiography, at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University and other multi-center collaborative hospitals on fetal congenital heart diseases from January 2013 to May 2018. All the seven fetuses were artificially aborted. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results:(1) The seven pregnant women aged 29 (27-32) years and had an abortion at 23 (22-25) gestational weeks. There were three male and four female fetuses. (2) Pathogenic mutations in KMT2D gene were detected in all seven cases, including one nonsense mutation and six frameshift mutations. (3) All fetuses had left heart obstruction with or without aortic arch dysplasia/interruption of the aortic arch. There were three with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, two with a single ventricle, one with aortic atresia, and one with severe mitral valve dysplasia. Other cardiovascular abnormalities included aortic arch branch abnormalities, double-outlet of the right ventricle, ventricular septal defect, tricuspid atresia, pulmonary valve stenosis (nearly atresia) complicated by pulmonary dysplasia, persistent left superior vena cava, and patent or closed foramen ovale. Secondary changes included enlargement of the right atrium and right ventricle, and dilatation of the pulmonary artery or ductus arteriosus. (4) Four of the seven fetuses showed multiple extracardiac system abnormalities, including facial deformities (two cases), pulmonary dysplasia (two cases), digestive abnormalities(two cases), and urogenital system abnormalities (two cases). Conclusions:The main features of echocardiography for fetal Kabuki syndrome are left heart obstruction, often complicated by other congenital cardiovascular abnormalities.

Objective:To explore the effects and related mechanisms of curcumin and resveratrol on macrophages of colon tissues in ulcerative colitis (UC) mice.Methods:Sixty BALB/c mice were randomly and equally divided into CON group, DSS group, DSS+Cur group, DSS+Res group, Eve+Cur group and Eve+Res group. There were 10 mice in each group. CON group was the normal control group and received no treatment. UC model of mice was established by giving 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to drink freely for 7 days in other 5 groups. UC model of mice was simply established in DSS group. The gavage administrations of 0.4 ml curcumin and 0.4 ml resveratrol were performed every day in the mice of DSS+Cur group and DSS+Res group respectively after establishing the UC model. The gavage administration of 0.4 ml mTOR inhibitor Everolimus was performed in Eve+Cur group after 0.4 ml curcumin gavage administration and also was performed in Eve+Res group after 0.4 ml resveratrol gavage administration every day. The mice were sacrificed after 7 days of administration. The macrophages of colon tissues were isolated and cultured in each group. The general conditions of the mice were observed and the DAI score was evaluated. In order to examine the effects of curcumin and resveratrol on macrophages, CCK-8 method was used to detect the proliferation and flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of macrophages. Fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of the autophagy-related factors LC3, Beclin-1 and Atg12. ELISA was used to detect the level of the inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α in culture supernatants of macrophages. In order to explore the associated mechanism, ELISA was used to detect the influence of mTOR inhibitor Everolimus on IL-6 and TNF-α, fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expressions of SIRT1/mTOR pathway-related factors mTOR and SIRT1 mRNA and protein.Results:No death was observed in all of the mice. Compared with CON group, the proliferative activity of macrophages was significantly higher, and the apoptosis rate decreased significantly, the mRNA and protein expressions of Atg12, Beclin-1 and LC3 increased significantly in DSS Group, DSS+Cur group and DSS+Res group (all P<0.05) . Compared with DSS group, the proliferative activity was significantly lower, the apoptosis rate increased obviously, the mRNA and protein expressions of Atg12, Beclin-1 and LC3 decreased significantly in DSS+Cur group and DSS+Res group (all P<0.05) . Compared with CON group, the DAI scores increased, the mRNA and protein expressions of mTOR and SIRT1 decreased significantly, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α increased significantly in DSS group, DSS+Cur group, DSS+Res group, Eve+Cur group and Eve+Res group (all P<0.05) . Compared with DSS group, the DAI scores decreased, the mRNA and protein expressions of mTOR and SIRT1 increased significantly, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α decreased significantly in DSS+Cur group and DSS+Res group (all P<0.05) . Compared with DSS+Cur group and DSS+Res Group, the DAI scores increased significantly, the mRNA and protein expressions of mTOR and SIRT1 decreased significantly, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α increased significantly in Eve+Cur group and Eve+Res group (all P<0.05) . Conclusion:Curcumin and resveratrol can inhibit the macrophages proliferation of colon tissues in UC mice, promote the apoptosis and inhibit the development of inflammation and autophagy, which may be regulated by SIRT1/mTOR pathway.

Objective:To explore the effects and related mechanisms of curcumin and resveratrol on macrophages of colon tissues in ulcerative colitis (UC) mice.Methods:Sixty BALB/c mice were randomly and equally divided into CON group, DSS group, DSS+Cur group, DSS+Res group, Eve+Cur group and Eve+Res group. There were 10 mice in each group. CON group was the normal control group and received no treatment. UC model of mice was established by giving 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to drink freely for 7 days in other 5 groups. UC model of mice was simply established in DSS group. The gavage administrations of 0.4 ml curcumin and 0.4 ml resveratrol were performed every day in the mice of DSS+Cur group and DSS+Res group respectively after establishing the UC model. The gavage administration of 0.4 ml mTOR inhibitor Everolimus was performed in Eve+Cur group after 0.4 ml curcumin gavage administration and also was performed in Eve+Res group after 0.4 ml resveratrol gavage administration every day. The mice were sacrificed after 7 days of administration. The macrophages of colon tissues were isolated and cultured in each group. The general conditions of the mice were observed and the DAI score was evaluated. In order to examine the effects of curcumin and resveratrol on macrophages, CCK-8 method was used to detect the proliferation and flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of macrophages. Fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of the autophagy-related factors LC3, Beclin-1 and Atg12. ELISA was used to detect the level of the inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α in culture supernatants of macrophages. In order to explore the associated mechanism, ELISA was used to detect the influence of mTOR inhibitor Everolimus on IL-6 and TNF-α, fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expressions of SIRT1/mTOR pathway-related factors mTOR and SIRT1 mRNA and protein.Results:No death was observed in all of the mice. Compared with CON group, the proliferative activity of macrophages was significantly higher, and the apoptosis rate decreased significantly, the mRNA and protein expressions of Atg12, Beclin-1 and LC3 increased significantly in DSS Group, DSS+Cur group and DSS+Res group (all P<0.05) . Compared with DSS group, the proliferative activity was significantly lower, the apoptosis rate increased obviously, the mRNA and protein expressions of Atg12, Beclin-1 and LC3 decreased significantly in DSS+Cur group and DSS+Res group (all P<0.05) . Compared with CON group, the DAI scores increased, the mRNA and protein expressions of mTOR and SIRT1 decreased significantly, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α increased significantly in DSS group, DSS+Cur group, DSS+Res group, Eve+Cur group and Eve+Res group (all P<0.05) . Compared with DSS group, the DAI scores decreased, the mRNA and protein expressions of mTOR and SIRT1 increased significantly, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α decreased significantly in DSS+Cur group and DSS+Res group (all P<0.05) . Compared with DSS+Cur group and DSS+Res Group, the DAI scores increased significantly, the mRNA and protein expressions of mTOR and SIRT1 decreased significantly, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α increased significantly in Eve+Cur group and Eve+Res group (all P<0.05) . Conclusion:Curcumin and resveratrol can inhibit the macrophages proliferation of colon tissues in UC mice, promote the apoptosis and inhibit the development of inflammation and autophagy, which may be regulated by SIRT1/mTOR pathway.