ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of surveillance cases in a sentinel hospital for pertussis in Jiangxi Province in 2019, and to provide corresponding references for the prevention and control of pertussis. MethodsCase investigation of pertussis was conducted among sentinel hospital surveillance cases, collecting their basic information, epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics, and other information. ResultsA total of 125 pertussis surveillance cases were investigated in 2019, including 73 clinically diagnosed cases (58.40%) and 52 confirmed cases (41.60%). The age of onset was mainly concentrated in children under 5 years old (108 cases, 86.40%), with the largest number of cases in infants aged less than 1-year-old (48 cases, 38.40%). Most cases had a history of receiving pertussis vaccine before onset (110 cases, 88.00%), and the intervals between the onset date and the date of last dose of pertussis vaccine in the 1‒2 doses group were significantly shorter than that in the 3‒4 doses group (U=-5.990, P<0.001). Probable household transmission of pertussis was found in 3 cases. All cases had cough symptoms, mainly manifested as whooping cough (77 cases, 61.60%), in addition to other main clinical manifestations, such as fever (76 cases, 60.80%), vomiting (30 cases, 24.00%), conjunctival congestion (27 cases, 21.60%), and inspiratory whoop (16 cases, 12.80%). A total of 73 cases (58.40%) experienced complications, including 1 death case. All the cases had multiple medical visit experiences before this visit, with an interval of 2 (0,3) days between the onset date and the first visit date. The misdiagnosis rate at the first medical visit was 88.00% (110/125), and the misdiagnosis rate of the first visit in secondary and primary hospitals was significantly higher than that in tertiary hospitals, exhibiting a statistically significant difference (χ²=21.582, P<0.001). ConclusionThe clinical symptoms of pertussis cases are often atypical, and the first diagnosis is prone to misdiagnosis, so it’s necessary to further strengthen the early diagnosis capabilities for pertussis cases in healthcare institutions, especially in the primary healthcare institutions.

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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Guhong Injection for the treatment of patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction(CMD)of qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome.Methods Sixty cases of patients with CMD of qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome who were admitted to Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from June 2021 to August 2022 were randomly divided into the control group and the trial group according to the random number table method,with 30 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional western medicine,and the trial group was treated with Guhong Injection on the basis of treatment for the control group.The course of treatment for the two groups covered 10 days.The changes in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,and levels of lipid indicators,serum inflammatory factors and endothelial factors in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.After treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.Results(1)During the trial,three cases in the control group and two cases in the trial group fell off and a total of 55 cases were finally included in the statistical analysis of efficacy,including 27 cases in the control group and 28 cases in the trial group.(2)After 10 days of treatment,the total effective rate of the trial group was 89.29%(25/28),and that of the control group was 40.74%(11/27),and the intergroup comparison(tested by chi-square test)showed that the therapeutic efficacy of the trial group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P<0.01).(3)After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores of patients in both groups were decreased compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the decrease in the trial group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P<0.01).(4)After treatment,the levels of lipid indicators triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in the two groups of patients were decreased compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)was increased compared with that before treatment(P<0.05).The intergroup comparison showed that the decrease of TG,TC,and LDL-C levels as well as the increase of HDL-C level in the trial group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).(5)After treatment,the serum levels of inflammatory factors high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),interleukin 6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)in the two groups of patients were decreased compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the decrease in the trial group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P<0.01).(6)After treatment,the serum level of endothelial factor nitric oxide(NO)in the two groups of patients was increased(P<0.05)and the serum endothelin 1(ET-1)level was decreased compared with that before treatment(P<0.05),and the increase of serum NO level,as well as the decrease of serum ET-1 level in the trial group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion Based on the conventional treatment in western medicine,the application of Guhong Injection in the treatment of patients with CMD of qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome exerts remarkable efficacy,which can effectively alleviate the symptoms,regulate the levels of blood lipids,reduce the inflammatory response,and improve the endothelial function.

Objective To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)X-inac-tive specific transcript(XIST)and microRNA-410-3p(miR-410-3p)in serum of patients with rheu-matoid arthritis(RA),and their correlation with bone mineral density(BMD)and bone metabolism indicators.Methods A total of 109 RA patients were selected as research subjects.After measuring BMD using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA),they were divided into osteoporosis group(53 cases)and non-osteoporosis group(56 cases).BMD at different sites and serum levels of lncRNA XIST,miR-410-3p,and bone metabolism indicators[β-C-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(β-CTX),parathyroid hormone(PTH),osteocalcin(OC),osteoprotegerin(OPG),and N-terminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen(PⅠNP)]were compared between the two groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between lncRNA XIST and miR-410-3p,as well as their correlation with BMD and bone metabolism indicators.Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the influencing factors for osteoporosis in RA patients.Results Compared with the non-oste-oporosis group,the osteoporosis group had lower BMD at the lumbar spine,femoral neck,greater trochanter,and Ward's triangle area,higher levels of OPG,β-CTX,and lncRNA XIST,and lower levels of mi R-410-3p,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There were no statistical-ly significant differences in PTH,OC,and PⅠNP levels between the two groups(P＞0.05).Pear-son correlation analysis showed that serum lncRNA XIST levels were negatively correlated with miR-410-3p levels(r=-0.435,P＜0.001).Serum lncRNA XIST levels were negatively correlated with BMD at the lumbar spine,femoral neck,greater trochanter,and Ward's triangle area(P＜0.05),and positively correlated with OC levels(P＜0.05).Serum mniR-410-3p levels were positively correlated with BMD at the lumbar spine,femoral neck,greater trochanter,and Ward's triangle area(P＜0.05),and negatively correlated with OC levels(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMD,lncRNA XIST,and miR-410-3p were all independent influencing factors for osteoporosis in RA patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion LncRNA XIST expression is upregulated in serum of RA patients with osteoporosis,while mi R-410-3p expression is downregulated.They are closely related to BMD at the lumbar spine,femoral neck,greater trochanter,and Ward's triangle area,as well as OC levels of bone metabolism indicators.

Objective:This study aimed to explore the impact of a single Scutellaria baicalensis decoction on the intestinal flora and barrier function in sepsis rats subjected to an endotoxin "second strike."Methods:Twenty-eight healthy adult male SPF-grade SD rats were utilized to develop an acute lung injury model of sepsis induced by an endotoxin "second strike." The rats were randomLy allocated into four groups: sham operation, model, normal dose Scutellaria baicalensis, and high dose Scutellaria baicalensis, with seven rats in each group. Six hours prior to model induction, the normal dose group received 2 mL of Scutellaria baicalensis decoction at 1 g/kg, while the high dose group received 4 g/kg. Both the sham operation and model groups were administered an equivalent volume of normal saline once daily for three consecutive days. Post-experiment, intestinal tissue, blood, and stool samples were collected. HE staining was used to observe intestinal histopathological changes, ELISA to detect serum D-lactic acid and Fn levels, Western blot to measure intestinal tissue NF-κB, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze intestinal flora. Correlations between intestinal flora and D-lactic acid, Fn, and NF-κB were examined.Results:Compared to the sham operation group, the model group exhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue structure damage in the intestinal tissue, significantly increased NF-κB expression, markedly decreased serum Fn, and elevated D-lactic acid levels. The abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus in the intestine significantly decreased, while Bacteroidota increased ( P<0.05). In contrast, the normal and high dose groups showed significantly reduced serum Fn and D-lactic acid levels, decreased intestinal NF-κB expression, and increased Firmicutes and Lactobacillus abundance ( P<0.05). Bacteroidota levels decreased, and intestinal tissue inflammatory pathology was notably alleviated. No significant differences were observed in Fn, D-lactic acid, and NF-κB expressions between the normal and high dose groups, nor in the abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Lactobacillus. Firmicutes abundance and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio positively correlated with Fn ( P<0.01) but negatively with D-lactic acid and NF-κB ( P<0.01). Bacteroidota abundance negatively correlated with Fn ( P<0.01) and positively with D-lactic acid and NF-κB ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Alterations in intestinal flora and mucosal barrier damage are implicated in the lung injury of sepsis rats induced by an endotoxin "second strike." Scutellaria baicalensis decoction exerts a protective effect on intestinal function in these rats, potentially by optimizing the abundance of beneficial intestinal flora, preserving the intestinal mucosal barrier, mitigating inflammatory responses, and safeguarding endothelial cell function.

Skin modeling of transdermal drug delivery system refers to experimental models that mimic the structure and function of human skin to explore and evaluate absorption,penetration,and efficacy of medicines in transdermal drug delivery.It provides an alternative to traditional human skin experiments and reduces the use of human skin in medical research,which is convenient,controllable,and cost effective.For skin models of transdermal drug delivery systems,this article introduces commonly used animal skin models,artificial skin models,and recombinant human skin models from the perspective of the transdermal absorption pathway of medicines,and analyzes their advantages,disadvantages,and applications so provide references the research and development of transdermal formulations and topical therapies.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of neck work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among automobile manufacturing enterprise workers, and construct the risk prediction model.Methods:In May 2022, a cluster convenience sampling method was used to selet all front-line workers from an automobile manufacturing factory in Xiangyang City as the research objects. And a questionnaire survey was conducted using the modified Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire to analyze the occurrence and exposure to risk factors of neck WMSDs. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of workers' neck WMSDs symptoms, and Nomogram column charts was used to construct the risk prediction model. The accuracy of the model was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the Bootstrap resampling method was used to verify the model, Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test was used to evaluate the model, and the Calibration curve was drawn.Results:A total of 1783 workers were surveyed, and the incidence of neck WMSDs symptoms was 24.8% (442/1783). Univariate logistic regression showed that age, female, smoking, working in uncomfortable postures, repetitive head movement, feeling constantly stressed at work, and completing conflicting tasks in work could increase the risk of neck WMSDs symptoms in automobile manufacturing enterprise workers ( OR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.16-1.62; OR=2.85, 95% CI: 1.56-5.20; OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.18-1.91; OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.02-1.37; OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.04-1.72; OR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.21-2.17; OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.13-1.92; P<0.05). While adequate rest time could reduce the risk of neck WMSDs symptoms ( OR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.52-0.86, P<0.05). The risk prediction model of neck WMSDs of workers in automobile manutacturing factory had good prediction efficiency, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.70-0.75, P<0.001) . Conclusion:The occurrence of neck WMSDs symptoms of workers in automobile manufacturing factory is relatively high. The risk prediction model constructed in this study can play a certain auxiliary role in predicting neck WMSDs symptoms of workers in automobile manufacturing enterprise workers.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of neck work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among automobile manufacturing enterprise workers, and construct the risk prediction model.Methods:In May 2022, a cluster convenience sampling method was used to selet all front-line workers from an automobile manufacturing factory in Xiangyang City as the research objects. And a questionnaire survey was conducted using the modified Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire to analyze the occurrence and exposure to risk factors of neck WMSDs. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of workers' neck WMSDs symptoms, and Nomogram column charts was used to construct the risk prediction model. The accuracy of the model was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the Bootstrap resampling method was used to verify the model, Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test was used to evaluate the model, and the Calibration curve was drawn.Results:A total of 1783 workers were surveyed, and the incidence of neck WMSDs symptoms was 24.8% (442/1783). Univariate logistic regression showed that age, female, smoking, working in uncomfortable postures, repetitive head movement, feeling constantly stressed at work, and completing conflicting tasks in work could increase the risk of neck WMSDs symptoms in automobile manufacturing enterprise workers ( OR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.16-1.62; OR=2.85, 95% CI: 1.56-5.20; OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.18-1.91; OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.02-1.37; OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.04-1.72; OR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.21-2.17; OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.13-1.92; P<0.05). While adequate rest time could reduce the risk of neck WMSDs symptoms ( OR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.52-0.86, P<0.05). The risk prediction model of neck WMSDs of workers in automobile manutacturing factory had good prediction efficiency, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.70-0.75, P<0.001) . Conclusion:The occurrence of neck WMSDs symptoms of workers in automobile manufacturing factory is relatively high. The risk prediction model constructed in this study can play a certain auxiliary role in predicting neck WMSDs symptoms of workers in automobile manufacturing enterprise workers.

Objectives:To explore the impact of intensive lipid-lowering strategy on short-term prognosis of acute coronary syndrome(ACS)patients with multi-vessel disease. Methods:A total of 136 ACS patients with multi-vessel disease who received coronary stenting at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from August 2019 to November 2020 were enrolled in this study.Patients were divided into intensive lipid-lowering group(control low density lipoprotein cholesterol[LDL-C]below 1.0 mmol/L within 3 months,and continuously meet the standards within 12 months,n=69)or standard lipid-lowering group(gradually control LDL-C below 1.4 mmol/L within one year,n=67).The total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),LDL-C,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and lipoprotein(a)(Lp[a])data were collected.Incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE,including cardiac death,myocardial infarction,target vessel revascularization and stroke)were observed during 12 months of follow up. Results:The baseline data of the intensive lipid-lowering group and the standard lipid-lowering group were consistent before intervention.At the timeline of enrollment,there was no statistically significant difference in the blood lipid profiles(including TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C)between the two groups.After 3-months,patients in the intensive lipid-lowering group experienced significantly lower TC,TG,LDL-C and Lp(a)compared with baseline values(all P<0.05),while HDL-C remained unchanged(P>0.05).The standard lipid-lowering group showed a significant decrease in TC and LDL-C compared with baseline values(both P<0.05).The TC and LDL-C levels were significantly lower in the intensive lipid-lowering group than in the standard lipid-lowering group at 3/6/12 months follow up after discharge(all P<0.01).At 12 months follow-up,Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the incidence of MACE was significantly lower in the intensive lipid-lowering group than in the standard lipid-lowering group(2.90%vs.14.93%,χ2=6.090,P=0.014).Multiple Cox regression analysis revealed that the intensive lipid-lowering strategy significantly reduced the risk of MACE compared with the standard lipid-lowering strategy(HR=0.177,95%CI:0.037-0.838,P=0.029). Conclusions:Our data show that intensive lipid-lowering strategy may probably reduce the incidence of short-term MACE in ASC patients with multi-vessel disease.Large-scale prospective multi-center studies are needed to further validate these results.

Objective:To analyze the sensitivity of cytoplasmic light-chain immunofluorescence with fluorescence in situ hybridization in bone marrow smears (new FISH) for detecting cytogenetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma (MM) .Methods:42 MM patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from April 2022 to October 2023 were enrolled. The patients with MM were detected by new FISH and CD138 immunomagnetic bead sorting technology combined with FISH (MACS-FISH) or cytoplasmic immunoglobulin FISH (cIg-FISH) to analyze cytogenetic detection results using combination probes which included 1q21/1p32, p53, IgH, IgH/FGFR3 [t (4;14) ], and IgH/MAF [t (14;16) ].Results:In 23 patients with MM, the abnormality detection rates of cIg-FISH and new FISH were 95.7% and 100.0%, respectively ( P>0.05). The detection rates of 1q21+, 1p32-, p53 deletion, and IgH abnormalities by cIg-FISH and new FISH were consistent, which were 52.2%, 8.7%, 17.4%, and 65.2%, respectively. The results of the two methods further performed with t (4;14) and t (14;16) in patients with IgH abnormalities were identical. The positive rate of t (4;14) was 26.7%, whereas t (14;16) was not detected. In 19 patients with MM, the abnormality detection rates of MACS-FISH and new FISH were 73.7% and 63.2%, respectively ( P>0.05). The positivity rate of 1q21+, 1p32- and IgH abnormalities detected by MACS-FISH were slightly higher than those detected by new FISH; however, the differences were not statistically significant (all P values >0.05) . Conclusion:The new FISH method has a higher detection rate of cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with MM and has good consistency with MACS-FISH and cIg-FISH.