Objective To compare the efficacy of electroacupuncture in traditional Chinese medicine with the opioid adjuvant drug dezocine.Methods 122 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between October 12,2023,and April 05,2024,were randomly allocated into three groups:dezocine group(D group,n=40),electroacupuncture group(E group,n=42),and electroacupuncture combined with dezocine group(ED group,n=40).Patients received 10 mg dezocine,electroacupuncture,or electroacupuncture+10 mg dezocine after cholecystectomy.Pain threshold index(PTi),pain index(Pi),and visual analogue scale(VAS)scores were observed at different time points during surgery.Vital signs were recorded,and adverse reactions within 24 hours postoperatively were noted.Results There were no statistically significant differences in PTi among groups before electroacupuncture(T1)(P>0.05).At the end of electroacupuncture(T2)and after cholecystectomy(T3),the PTi values in the E and ED groups were lower than the D group(P<0.05).At the end of surgery(T4)and upon extubation(T5),the PTi values of all three groups reached a tolerable level for patients,with the E and D groups showing higher PTi values compared to the ED group(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in postoperative pain scores(Pi)and VAS at various time points(P>0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture demonstrates analgesic efficacy non-inferior to opioid drugs and can be recommended as a postoperative pain management technique for laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients.

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)on the expression of NKCC1,KCC2 and activation of microglia in spinal dorsal horn of paclitaxel(PTX)-induced neuropathic pain rats and its possible mechanism.Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into the vehicle group(vehicle),the PTX group,the PTX+EA group and the PTX+sham EA group,with 12 rats in each group.The rat model of PTX-induced neuropathic pain was established by intraperitoneal injection of PTX.After modeling,EA was applied to"Zusanli"and"Yanglingquan"for 7 days in the PTX+EA group.Paw withdrawal threshold and paw withdrawal latency were tested at 2 days before and 1,3,5,7,14 and 21 days after PTX injection.Immunofluorescence and Western blot assay were used to detect expression levels of sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter 1(NKCC1),potassium-chloride cotransporters 2(KCC2)and microglia markers-ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1(Iba1)in spinal dorsal horn.Results Compared with the vehicle group,mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia of both hind feet were found in the PTX group,and the expression of NKCC1 and the number of activated microglia in dorsal horn tissue of spinal cord were increased.Compared with the PTX group,mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia were significantly improved in the PTX+EA group at day 14 and 21,and the expression levels of NKCC1 and Iba1 in dorsal horn tissue of spinal cord were decreased.There was no significant difference in KCC2 expression between the four groups.Conclusion Electroacupuncture can effectively relieve paclitaxol-induced neuropathic pain,which may be related to the inhibition of NKCC1 expression and microglia activation in spinal dorsal horn of rats.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of omalizumab in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:CSU patients treated with omalizumab were prospectively enrolled from the Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from October 2021 to October 2023. These patients received subcutaneous injections of omalizumab at a dose of 300 mg every 4 weeks (150 mg for patients aged under 12 years) for at least 3 consecutive sessions. Data on general information, blood routine test, and serum total IgE levels were collected, and the 7-day Urticaria Activity Score (UAS7), Urticaria Control Test (UCT), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire (CU-Q2oL), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were evaluated by dermatologists at baseline, and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment. A decrease in UAS7 score of ≥ 11 points was defined as good disease control, while a decrease in UAS7 score of < 11 points was defined as poor control. Univariate binary logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors influencing the efficacy.Results:A total of 81 CSU patients were enrolled, including 34 males (42.0%) and 47 females (58.0%) ; their ages ranged from 6 to 66 years (39.2 ± 17.9 years), and the disease duration was 42.3 ± 6.9 months; the serum total IgE levels were 249.5 ± 216.3 IU/ml, with 54 patients (66.7%) showing elevated IgE levels (> 100 IU/ml). Compared with baseline levels, the UAS7, DLQI, and CU-Q2oL scores all significantly decreased at weeks 4, 8, and 12, while the UCT scores significantly increased (all P < 0.05). According to the UAS7 change values, 68 patients (83.9%) were well controlled, and 13 (16.1%) were poorly controlled. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher total IgE levels and higher mean platelet volume (MPV) were associated with better efficacy, while higher body mass index (BMI), higher BAI, and the complication of other allergic diseases were associated with poorer efficacy (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI, BAI, and MPV significantly affected efficacy: higher MPV was associated with better efficacy ( OR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.196 - 9.465, P = 0.020), while higher BMI ( OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.599 - 0.957, P = 0.016) and higher BAI ( OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.870 - 0.985, P = 0.021) were associated with poorer efficacy. During the whole study, only 4 patients (5%) experienced drowsiness, low fever, redness or discomfort at the injection sites, and no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion:Omalizumab exhibited significant efficacy and high safety in the 12-week treatment of CSU, and BMI and BAI appeared to be risk factors for efficacy, while MPV seemed to be a protective factor affecting efficacy.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of omalizumab in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:CSU patients treated with omalizumab were prospectively enrolled from the Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from October 2021 to October 2023. These patients received subcutaneous injections of omalizumab at a dose of 300 mg every 4 weeks (150 mg for patients aged under 12 years) for at least 3 consecutive sessions. Data on general information, blood routine test, and serum total IgE levels were collected, and the 7-day Urticaria Activity Score (UAS7), Urticaria Control Test (UCT), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire (CU-Q2oL), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were evaluated by dermatologists at baseline, and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment. A decrease in UAS7 score of ≥ 11 points was defined as good disease control, while a decrease in UAS7 score of < 11 points was defined as poor control. Univariate binary logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors influencing the efficacy.Results:A total of 81 CSU patients were enrolled, including 34 males (42.0%) and 47 females (58.0%) ; their ages ranged from 6 to 66 years (39.2 ± 17.9 years), and the disease duration was 42.3 ± 6.9 months; the serum total IgE levels were 249.5 ± 216.3 IU/ml, with 54 patients (66.7%) showing elevated IgE levels (> 100 IU/ml). Compared with baseline levels, the UAS7, DLQI, and CU-Q2oL scores all significantly decreased at weeks 4, 8, and 12, while the UCT scores significantly increased (all P < 0.05). According to the UAS7 change values, 68 patients (83.9%) were well controlled, and 13 (16.1%) were poorly controlled. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher total IgE levels and higher mean platelet volume (MPV) were associated with better efficacy, while higher body mass index (BMI), higher BAI, and the complication of other allergic diseases were associated with poorer efficacy (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI, BAI, and MPV significantly affected efficacy: higher MPV was associated with better efficacy ( OR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.196 - 9.465, P = 0.020), while higher BMI ( OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.599 - 0.957, P = 0.016) and higher BAI ( OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.870 - 0.985, P = 0.021) were associated with poorer efficacy. During the whole study, only 4 patients (5%) experienced drowsiness, low fever, redness or discomfort at the injection sites, and no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion:Omalizumab exhibited significant efficacy and high safety in the 12-week treatment of CSU, and BMI and BAI appeared to be risk factors for efficacy, while MPV seemed to be a protective factor affecting efficacy.

Objective To simulate the chemical microenvironment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) under mild hypothermia, and investigate the effect of such microenvironment on umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) in vitro.Methods Eighteen SD rats were allocated to shamoperated group, TBI group and mild hypothermia group according to the random number table, with 6 rats per group.Rat models of TBI were made by electric cortical contusion impactor.After systemic mild hypothermia (33℃) for 4 h, brain tissue homogenate extracts were harvested.Polyacrylamide gels mimicking the elastic modulus of brain were manufactured.Human UCMSCs were isolated and cultured on the gels, added with brain tissue extracts from each group.After 24 h, the apoptosis level of UCMSCs was checked, and the medium was changed with normal one.Cell growth and morphological changes in each group were given dynamic observation.Seven days later, cell immunofluorescence was implemented, with the differentiation level of each group estimated.Results Apoptotic rate in TBI group was 73.47％,significantly higher than 10.42％ in sham-operated group (P ＜0.01).While the apoptotic rate was 28.57％ in mild hypothermia group, indicating mild hypothermia significantly reversed the apoptosis of cells in TBI group (P ＜ 0.01).Cell immunofluorescence demonstrated rate of neuronal differentiation of UCMSCs in sham-operated group, TBI group and mild hypothermia group was 16.48％, 2.59％ and 11.83％ respectively.Mild hypothermia resulted in significantly improved neuronal differentiation of UCMSCs after TBI (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions More apoptosis and lower neuronal differentiation ability are observed in UCMSCs in the chemical microenvironment after TBI.However, mild hypothermia significantly reverses the elevation of apoptosis and restores the neuronal differentiation capacity of UCMSCs after TBI.

Objective To investigate the effect of mild hypothermia on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NGCs) in hippocampal subgranular zone after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the underlying mechanism.Methods SD rats were divided into sham-injured group (only left dura mater exposed),hypothermia group (sham injury + mild hypothermia therapy for 72 hours),TBI group (unilateral fluid percussion was used to generate severe TBI),and TBI + hypothermia group (TBI + mild hypothermia therapy for 72 hours) according to the random number table,with 8 rats per group.Hippocampal homogenates or brain tissues were harvested after BrdU (100 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered to rats once a day for 7 days postTBI.Expressions of BrdU and double cortin in hippocampal subgranular zone were respectively detected by immunohistochemical or immunofiuorescence staining.Level of Sirt1 (silence information regulatory proteins,Sirt1) in hippocampus was detected by Western blot.Results BrdU-and double cortin-positive cells in rat hippocampal subgranular zone greatly increased at 7 days after TBI in comparison with sham-injured group (P ＜ 0.01).Moreover,BrdU and double cortin in rat hippocampal subgranular zone in TBI + hypothermia group was significantly higherthan that in TBI group [(257.4 ± 34.3) vs (196.4 ± 23.8) ; (346.4 ± 42.2) vs (245.7 ± 33.2),P ＜0.01].Moreover,mild hypothermia reversed TBI-induced over-expression of Sirt1 [(0.62 ± 0.075) vs(1.18 ± 0.11),P ＜ 0.01].Conclusion Mild hypothermia therapy can promote proliferation andneuronal differentiation of NSCs in hippocampal subgranular zone after TBI and the possible mechanismmay relate to the inhibition of over-expression of Sia1.