Objective To evaluate the disease risk of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) in aquatic products of raw food in Guangzhou. Methods VP detection was carried out in aquatic products of raw food sold in Guangzhou from 2009 to 2022. Gene sequence and wgSNP analysis of 30 VP strains (including 15 food strains and 15 patient strains) were performed for the detection rate of pathogenic VP. sQMRA was applied to assess VP risk of aquatic products of raw food. Results The detection rate of VP in raw aquatic products in Guangzhou was 7.30% (98/1 343). The detection rate of TDH virulence gene in patient strains was 86.70% (13/15) , and the detection rate of TRH was 6.67% (1/15). In 15 food strains, TDH and TRH were negative. The WgSNP analysis showed that 2 food strains had high similarity with the patient strains, indicating the same cluster. Risk assessment showed that the number of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection cases caused by intaking aquatic products of raw food in Guangzhou was 384 ever year. Conclusion The detection rate of VP in aquatic products of raw food is high in Guangzhou , and the detection rate of VP virulence genes in aquatic products of raw food is low. Gene sequence and wgSNP analysis can be used for risk assessment of food pathogenic bacteria. The risk of disease of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in aquatic products of raw food is high.

Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. Given the substantial number of OSA patients, it is urgently in need to address the burden on society. Current available evidence linking outdoor light at night (LAN) to OSA is scarce. Objective To explore the relationships regarding outdoor LAN and OSA among residents in Southern China. Methods A total of 3925 hospitalized patients in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Sleep Center were recruited between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2015. The severity of OSA was determined by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) using polysomnography or home sleep test. The annual Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS)-like LAN data with a 500 m spatial resolution were used to evaluate outdoor LAN levels of the participants 1, 3, and 5 years before undergoing sleep monitoring. Generalized linear regression models were utilized to examine the associations of outdoor LAN with OSA. Results The ORs (95%CIs) of OSA, mild OSA, and moderate OSA were 1.175 (1.021, 1.351), 1.215 (1.038, 1.421), and 1.195 (1.003, 1.425) respectively for per interquartile range (IQR) increment in three-year average outdoor LAN. The results of stratified analyses showed a higher OR of 1.933 (95%CI: 1.424, 2.637) in female than male participants (P _interaction < 0.001). Additionally, the ORs of OSA did not substantially change using one-year/ five-year instead of three-year average outdoor LAN. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that an elevated outdoor LAN is significantly associated with higher odds of OSA (especially mild and moderate OSA) in Southern China, especially in females. An effective outdoor LAN management and policy-making framework has been suggested as potential preventive measures to reduce burden of OSA.

Objective To compare the pathological status of gastric mucosa and the expression of HH-PTCH-SMO-GLI(Hedgehog signaling pathway)and NOX/NF-κB/STAT1 signaling pathways in Hp and non-HP infected CAG patients,and to explore the biological mechanism of Hp promoting the"inflammatory cancer transformation"of CAG.Methods 43 patients with CAG who met the criteria were enrolled and divided into CAG with Hp infection group(Hp+ CAG group,n=21)and CAG without Hp infection group(HP-CAG group,n=22).The histological changes of gastric mucosa were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.Western blot was used to detect the relative expression levels of NOX1,NOX2,NOX4,STAT1,P65 and P-P65 in gastric mucosa.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)was used to detect Gli1 mRNA,Gli2 mRNA,Gli3 mRNA,Shh mRNA,Smo mRNA,Ptch mRNA,NOX1 mRNA,NOX2 mRNA,NOX4 mRNA and NF-κB mRNA in gastric mucosa The mRNA level.Results HE staining results of gastric tissues in the two groups:In the Hp+CAG group,gastric epithelial cells were partially necrotic and shed,the surface was not smooth,the number of glands was reduced and disordered,intestinal metaplasia was observed,and diffuse lymphocyte and neutrophil infiltration were observed in the lamina proper.The degree of lymphocyte and neutrophil infiltration in HP-CAG group was lighter than that in Hp+CAG group.RT-qPCR results:Compared with HP-CAG group,the levels of Gli1 mRNA,Shh mRNA,Smo mRNA and Ptch mRNA in gastric mucosa of Hp+CAG group were significantly decreased(P<0.01).The levels of Gli2 mRNA,Gli3 mRNA,NOX1 mRNA,NOX2 mRNA,NOX4 mRNA and NF-κB mRNA were significantly increased(P<0.01).Western blot detection results:Compared with hP-CAG group,the relative expression levels of NOX1/GAPDH,NOX2/GAPDH,NOX4/GAPDH and P-P65/GAPDH in gastric mucosa of Hp+CAG group were significantly increased(P<0.01),and the STAT1 level was significantly decreased(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the relative expression of P65/GAPDH between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Hp infection may cause long-term inflammation of gastric mucosa,promote atrophy and intestinal metaplasia,and increase the risk of cancer by inhibiting hH-PTC-SMO-GLi signaling pathway and abnormal activation of NOX/NF-κB/STAT1 signaling pathway.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the correlation between maternal arsenic exposure during pregnancy and congenital heart disease (CHD) in offspring.Methods:Literature search was performed through databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and VIP.com to include epidemiological literature on association between maternal arsenic exposure during pregnancy and offspring CHD published domestically and internationally. The search was conducted from database establishment until November 2, 2022. Stata MP15 software was used for meta-analysis of binary variables, and I 2 statistics and Q test were used for heterogeneity test, fixed effect model or random effect model was selected based on the test results. Using OR value (95% CI) as the effect evaluation indicator, subgroup analysis was conducted based on CHD subtypes [conotruncal defects (CTD), atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD), total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR), left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO), right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO), atrial septal defect (ASD)/ventricular septal defect (VSD), and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)]. Results:Nine articles were finally included, including two Chinese and seven English articles. Among them, 8 articles had CHD as the outcome, 5 articles had ASD/VSD as the outcome, 4 articles had CTD as the outcome, 3 articles had LVOTO as the outcome, 2 articles had PDA as the outcome, and 1 article had RVOTO as the outcome. An analysis was conducted on 8 articles with CHD as the outcome. After heterogeneity testing, I 2 = 88.5% and P < 0.001, indicating significant heterogeneity. A random effect model was used for meta-analysis, and the combined OR value (95% CI) was 1.51 (1.40 - 1.62). The results of CHD subgroup analysis showed that the combined OR values (95% CI) for ASD/VSD, CTD, LVOTO, PDA, and RVOTO were 1.68 (1.53 - 1.84), 1.64 (1.29 - 2.09), 2.89 (1.82 - 4.61), 1.78 (1.53 - 2.08), and 0.81 (0.64 - 1.03), respectively. Conclusion:Maternal arsenic exposure during pregnancy is associated with development of offspring CHD, including ASD/VSD, CTD, LVOTO, and PDA as the common lesions in offspring CHD.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and one of the deadliest cancers worldwide.According to the distribution of tumor tissue,breast cancer can be divided into invasive and non-invasive forms.The cancer cells in invasive breast cancer pass through the breast and through the immune system or systemic circulation to different parts of the body,forming metastatic breast cancer.Drug resistance and distant metastasis are the main causes of death from breast cancer.Research on breast cancer has attracted extensive attention from researchers.In vitro construction of tumor models by tissue engineering methods is a common tool for studying cancer mechanisms and anticancer drug screening.The tumor microenvironment consists of cancer cells and various types of stromal cells,including fibroblasts,endothelial cells,mesenchymal cells,and immune cells embedded in the extracellular matrix.The extracellular matrix contains fibrin proteins(such as types Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅵ,and Ⅹcollagen and elastin)and glycoproteins(such as proteoglycan,laminin,and fibronectin),which are involved in cell signaling and binding of growth factors.The current traditional two-dimensional(2D)tumor models are limited by the growth environment and often cannot accurately reproduce the heterogeneity and complexity of tumor tissues in vivo.Therefore,in recent years,research on three-dimensional(3D)tumor models has gradually increased,especially 3D bioprinting models with high precision and repeatability.Compared with a 2D model,the 3D environment can better simulate the complex extracellular matrix components and structures in the tumor microenvironment.Three-dimensional models are often used as a bridge between 2D cellular level experiments and animal experiments.Acellular matrix,gelatin,sodium alginate,and other natural materials are widely used in the construction of tumor models because of their excellent biocompatibility and non-immune rejection.Here,we review various natural scaffold materials and construction methods involved in 3D tissue-engineered tumor models,as a reference for research in the field of breast cancer.

Objective To evaluate the risk of disease of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in aquatic products of raw food animals for population in guangzhou,and determine risk management points. Methods VP quantitative detection was carried out in aquatic products of raw food animals sold in Guangzhou from 2009 to 2022.sQMRA was applied to assess Vibrio parahaemolyticus risk of aquatic products of raw food animals. According to stratified analysis based on the pollution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and evaluation results,carry out risk management and analysis. Results Among the 98 samples were detected positive of VP from 1 343 samples from 2009 to 2022 , with an overall positive rate of 7.30%.The number of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection cases caused by eating aquatic products of raw food animals in Guangzhou was 3012. If the proportion of raw food is reduced , the number of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection cases will be significantly reduced. The number of cases caused by eating raw fash will be reduced from 2128 to 217.The detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw fresh water products was much higher than that in marine products. The probability of infection in the population was higher. The number of cases caused by eating raw fash was the highest.The detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was higher in raw crustaceans and molluscs. The incidence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection cases caused by eating raw fash in the four quarters varied from high to low as such sequence ,4.93×10^-5 in the three quarters , 2.53×10^-5 in the second quarter , 2.40×10^-5 in the first quarter ,1.77×10^-5 in the fourth quarter . Conclusion The risk of disease of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in aquatic products of raw food animals was higher. The public health education should be done well. Aquatic products should be cooked thoroughly before eating . Reduce the intake of raw aquatic products and avoid cross contamination. Focus on the risks of summer and autumn seasons and seafood such as crustaceans and molluscs. Concentrate on scientific research on Vibrio parahaemolyticus pollution of fresh water products.

Objective : To investigate the willingness to receive HIV testing in primary health service institutions (PHSIs) among young students in Wuhan City, so as to provide the evidence for improving the detection of HIV testing among young students. Methods: Fifteen PHSIs were sampled using a stratified random sampling method in 14 districts of Wuhan City, and school students at ages of 15 to 24 years were sampled from each district using a convenience sampling method. Participants' demographics, awareness of AIDS-related knowledge, HIV testing and willingness to receive HIV testing were collected using questionnaires, and factors affecting the willingness to receive HIV testing in PHSIs were identified among school students using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results : A total of 301 questionnaires were allocated, and 299 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 99.34%. The respondents included 143 men (47.83%) and 156 women (52.17%), and had a mean age of (19.36±2.40) years; there were 223 respondents with an educational level of diploma and above (74.58%). The awareness of AIDS-related knowledge was 71.57% among the respondents, and 144 respondents had received AIDS-related health education in PHSIs (48.16%). There were 34 respondents that had received HIV testing (11.37%) and 203 respondents that were willing to receive HIV testing in PHSIs (67.89%). The respondents that were unwilling to receive HIV testing in PHSIs were mainly attributed to considering to be unlikely to get HIV infections (82.29%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that school students who knew AIDS-related knowledge (OR=2.797, 95%CI: 1.583-4.941), knew free HIV counseling and testing services in PHSIs (OR=2.070, 95%CI: 1.123-3.814), and had received AIDS-related health education in PHSIs (OR=2.814, 95%CI: 1.573-5.032) were more willing to receive HIV testing in PHSIs. Conclusions There were 67.89% of school students that were willing to receive HIV testing in PHSIs in Wuhan City, and the willingness to receive HIV testing was correlated with the awareness of risk of HIV infections, and awareness and experience of AIDS control services in PHSIs.

Acute respiratory tract infection is the most common infectious disease in children, which seriously threatens children′s health.Rapid and accurate etiological diagnosis is of great significance for the clinical treatment and control of these diseases.Pathogen nucleic acid test was applied and became the main method of respiratory tract infection diagnosis for its high sensitivity and specificity.To regulate the application of pathogen nucleic acid amplification test in respiratory tract infection in children, improve the diagnosis level, expert consensus on nucleic acid amplification test of respiratory pathogens in children was prepared to guide the application and promote pathogens diagnosis ability.

Objective To analyse the high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in women, and to analyze the protective effect of bivalent HPV vaccine on HPV infection. Methods A case-control study method was used to retrospectively investigate the HPV infection status of 9246 women who received high-risk HPV infection examination in the outpatient department of Shiyan people's Hospital of Hubei from January 2018 to December 2018. The second-generation hybrid capture method and colposcopy examination were used to diagnose. Using a 1:1 matching method, the uninfected individuals who were examined during the same period were taken as the control group, and the confirmed infected group was taken as the case group, and the differences in the vaccination rates of the bivalent HPV vaccine between the two groups were compared. At the same time, the case group was divided into two groups according to the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups and followed up. The events ranged from 24 to 36 months. The incidence of persistent HPV infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer were counted to understand Protective effect of bivalent HPV vaccination against HPV infection in a high-risk female population. Results A total of 1 632 cases (17.65%) of 9 246 women were screened positive for high-risk HPV infection. Chi-square results showed that the HPV positive infection rate of rural women (32.84%) was lower than that of urban women (67.16%). , Marital status also has a certain influence on HPV infection. Among the 1632 cases of HPV positive infection, 629 cases (38.54%) were vaccinated with bivalent HPV vaccine, and 1003 cases (61.46%) were not vaccinated with bivalent HPV vaccine. During the follow-up period of 24-36 months, the vaccination group finally obtained follow-up data of 584 cases due to unwillingness to cooperate (18 cases), unable to conduct research due to organic changes (24 cases), and mental disorders (3 cases), with a loss to follow-up rate of 7.15 cases. %; In the unvaccinated group, 949 cases of follow-up data were finally obtained due to change of residence (32 cases), low degree of cooperation (20 cases) and psychological factors (2 cases), and the loss to follow-up rate was 5.38%. The results after follow-up showed that the persistent HPV infection rate in the bivalent HPV vaccination group, the positive rate of high-risk HPV infection at the last follow-up, the cumulative incidence of CIN1 during the follow-up period, the cumulative incidence of CIN2+ during the follow-up period, the incidence of CIN1 at the last follow-up, and the incidence of CIN2+ at the last follow-up. and cervical cancer incidence rates were 3.07%, 0.82%, 1.84%, 1.02%, 0.82%, 0.20%, and 0.00%, respectively, and the bivalent HPV unvaccinated groups were 12.91%, 15.52%, 7.14%, 4.40%, and 3.02%, respectively. , 1.37% and 0.27%. Persistent HPV infection rate, positive rate of high-risk HPV infection at last follow-up, cumulative incidence of CIN1 during follow-up, cumulative incidence of CIN2+ during follow-up, incidence of CIN1 at last follow-up, and incidence of CIN2+ at last follow-up were significantly lower in bivalent HPV vaccination group in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Bivalent HPV vaccination has an important protective effect on HPV persistent infection, cervical lesions and cervical cancer in high-risk women.

Objective:To investigate the subjective experience and processing characteristics of positive and negative emotions in undergraduates who have immigrated to the plateau for a long time.Methods:SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis.Using independent sample t-test to compare various data from the plateau group(58 undergraduates who had moved to an altitude of 3 658 m for over 2 years after reaching adulthood) with the plain group (58 undergraduates who had never been to the plateau), including the state anxiety inventory(SAI), self-rating depression scale(SDS), positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS), and the affective valency and arousal on the positive, neutral, and negative emotional pictures.And χ 2 test was conducted for the positive detection rates of state anxiety and depression of the two groups.Then, Pearson correlation analysis was performed on SAI, SDS and PANAS scores. Results:The positive detection rates(state-anxiety: 67.24%, depression: 56.90%) and scores of state anxiety(44.45±8.57) and depression(50.12±10.11) in the plateau group were all higher than those in the plain group(46.55%, 32.76%, (40.19±9.58), (44.64±9.17) respectively, χ 2=5.06, 8.12, t=2.52, 3.06, all P<0.05). In addition, positive affect scores of the plateau group (28.16±5.39) tended to be lower than those of the plain group (30.28±6.51), but the difference was not statistically significant( t=-1.91, P=0.059). SAI, SDS and PANAS scores were moderately correlated each other( r= 0.69, -0.52, 0.67, -0.62, 0.53, all P<0.01). Positive affect was mildly negatively correlated with negative affect( r=-0.27, P<0.01). The correlation between positive emotion and depression( r=-0.62) was greater than that between positive emotion and state anxiety( r=-0.52, t=2.57, P<0.05). The correlation between negative emotion and state anxiety( r=0.67) was greater than that between negative emotion and depression( r=0.53, t=1.71, P<0.05). The valency score of neutral images in the plateau group (3.06±0.20) was higher than that in the plain group ((2.99±0.20), t=2.01, P=0.047). Conclusion:The long-term plateau immigrant undergraduates are prone to state anxiety and depression, with depression being the primary and anxiety secondary, and exhibit a positivity bias to neutral stimulus processing.