To summarize the distribution characteristics of human papillomavirus(HPV) infection types in patients with cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion(SIL) and cervical cancer(CC), and to explore the impact of HPV vaccination, HPV infection types, and general clinical data on different grades of cervical lesions.

Background Amid global climate change, extreme environmental events are occurring more frequently, and it is imperative to investigate the impacts of combined exposure to fine particluate matter (PM_2.5) and cold spells (CS) on population mortality. Objective To analyze the association between sequential extreme PM_2.5-cold spell (EP-CS) events and non-accidental mortality among residents in Zigong City from 2016 to 2021. Methods Using time-series study design, meteorological data in Zigong were collected from the Zigong Meteorological Bureau for the period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2021, while daily non-accidental mortality data were obtained from the mortality surveillance system of the Zigong Center for Disease Control and Prevention. We adopted the percentile method to define extreme PM_2.5 events and cold spells. We analyzed the risk effect of EP-CS events on non-accidental mortality among residents in this city and explored the potential amplification of damage resulting from different patterns of consecutive extreme events by using distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM). We also conducted stratified analyses based on age, gender, education level, and marital status. Results The EP-CS events demonstrated a significant impact on non-accidental mortality among the local residents, exhibiting a certain lagged effect. The effects on the overall residents lasted from lag0 (RR=1.030, 95%CI: 1.013, 1.048) to lag14 (RR=1.035, 95%CI: 1.019, 1.052). Notably, the effects were more pronounced among females, individuals aged 65 years and above, and those who were never married, divorced, or widowed. Different patterns of EP-CS events all associated with adverse effects, the health impact of EP-CS events was significantly greater than that of individual PM_2.5 pollution or CS events. The analysis of lag effects across different event patterns revealed that the overall effect of EP-CS events with shorter intervals (0–7 d) had a stronger effect compared to EP-CS with longer intervals (8–14 d), and the RR values of lag14 were 1.034 (95%CI: 1.015, 1.054) and 1.017 (95%CI: 1.007, 1.027), suggesting that the damaging effect of compound events occurring in the short term was more significant. Conclusion All sequential extreme EP-CS events have an impact on non-accidental mortality among residents in this city, with compound events demonstrating a stronger effect. Females, individuals aged ≥65 years, and those who were never married, divorced, or widowed are more sensitive to EP-CS events.

Objective To explore the mediating role of occupational well-being in the relationship between professional identity and safety behavior among nurses. Methods A total of 1 006 nurses from ten tertiary general hospitals in eight provincial administrative regions were selected as the research subjects using convenient sampling method. Their safety behavior, professional identity and occupational well-being were investigated using Nurse Safety Behavior Scale, Nurse Professional Identity Scale and Occupational Well-being Scale. Structural equation modeling was performed using AMOS 26.0 to examine the mediating effect of occupational well-being in the relationship between professional identity and safety behavior among nurses. Results The scores for safety behavior, professional identity, and occupational well-being were (53.0±6.1), (123.7±21.2) and (90.8±13.1), respectively. Safety behavior was positively correlated with both professional identity and occupational well-being (correlation coefficients were 0.50 and 0.50, respectively, both P<0.01). Professional identity was positively correlated with occupational well-being (correlation coefficient was 0.51, P<0.01). The multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the higher the professional identity and occupational well-being of nurses, the higher the level of safety behavior (both P<0.05). The result of mediating effect shows that the total effect of occupational identity on safety behavior was 0.498 [95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.405-0.576], and occupational well-being played a mediating role between professional identity and safety behavior among nurses with the mediation effect of 0.156 (95%CI was 0.112-0.205), accounting for 31.33% of the total effect. Conclusion The safety behavior of nurses is at a moderate level. Both professional identity and occupational well-being can affect the safety behavior of nurses. Professional identity can increase the safety behavior of nurses by affecting occupational well-being.

Objective:To explore the learning curve of primary urologists mastering Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for the treatment of large volume benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods:The clinical data of 92 patients with larger volume BPH who received HoLEP performed by a urologist in Beijing Friendship Hospital Pinggu Campus, Capital Medical University were retrospectively reviewed. 92 patients were divided into group A (1-23 cases, n=23), group B (24-46 cases, n=23), group C (47-69 cases, n=23), and group D (70-92 cases, n=23) based on the sequence of surgery. The clinical characteristics, including prostate volume, operation time, enucleation efficiency, indwelling catheter time, decrease value of hemoglobin, intraoperative blood transfusion, perioperative complications, and international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) score, Qmax, and postvoid residual urine (PVR) at 3 months postoperatively were compared between the four groups. Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), one-way analysis of variance was used for comparisons among multiple groups, and t-test was used for comparisons between two groups. Count data were expressed as the cases and percentage, and the Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Results:There were significant differences among the four groups in terms of operation time [(94.43±8.26) min, (86.39±5.89) min, (70.70±5.64) min, (64.70±4.23) min, P=0.001], enucleation efficiency [(0.90±0.08) mL/min, (1.01±0.07) mL/min, (1.23±0.12) mL/min, (1.34±0.12) mL/min, P=0.001], decrease value of hemoglobin [(25.98±1.39) g/L, (23.27±1.49) g/L, (20.03±1.07) g/L, (18.49±0.96) g/L, P=0.001] and indwelling catheter time [(5.91±1.54) d, (5.35±1.27) d, (3.39±0.72) d, (3.04±0.64) d, P=0.001]. Compared with group C and group D, the operation time was longer, the enucleation efficiency was lower, the decrease value of hemoglobin before and after the operation was higher, and the indwelling catheter time was longer, the above differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between group A and group B, or group C and group D ( P>0.05). Among the 92 patients, only 3 patients received blood transfusion during operation, including 2 patients in group A and 1 patient in group B. 2 patients underwent surgical complications during the perioperative period. Among them, 1 patient suffered bladder wall injury due to improper operation of the tissue pulverizer in group A, and 1 patient developed prostatic capsule perforation in group B. Furthermore, after 56 cases of operation, a primary urologist can perform HoLEP surgery quickly and safely. Conclusion:The learning curve of a primary urologist mastering HoLEP for larger volume (≥ 80 mL) BPH was 56 procedures, and the operation efficiency and safety were significantly improved.

Breast cancer organoids faithfully reflect the structural and functional characteristics of primary tumors, demonstrating broad application potential. Clinically, organoids have been utilized for drug sensitivity testing, significantly enhancing the precision of personalized treatment strategies. Organoids play a crucial role in accelerating new drug development, uncovering drug resistance mechanisms, and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. In-depth analysis of the application of breast cancer organoid technology in clinical and transformation can provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Xiaqi Decoction(mainly composed of Poria,Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle,Armeniacae Semen Amarum,Citri Grandis Exocarpium,Paeoniae Radix Alba,Polygoni Multiflori Radix,and Moutan Cortex)on patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ colorectal cancer accompanied by cancer-related fatigue(CRF)after chemotherapy.Methods Sixty patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ colorectal cancer accompanied by CRF after chemotherapy who admitted to Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2023 to March 2024 were randomly divided into chemotherapy group and Xiaqi Decoction group according to the random number table method,with 30 patients in each group.The chemotherapy group was given chemotherapy regimen of Avastin+mFOLFOX6/FOLFIRI,and Xiaqi Decoction group was given Xiaqi Decoction orally on the basis of treatment for the chemotherapy group.Two weeks constituted a course of treatment,and two consecutive courses of treatment were performed.Before and after treatment,the two groups were observed in the changes of Revised Piper Fatigue Scale(PFS-R)scores,EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30(QLQ-C30)scores,Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment(PG-SGA)scores,Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)scores,poor appetite scores,and serum levels of interleukin 6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),and interleukin 1β(IL-1β)were observed.After treatment,the clinical efficacy and safety between the two groups of patients were evaluated.Results(1)After two courses of treatment,the total effective rate of the Xiaqi Decoction group was 86.21%(25/29)and that of the chemotherapy group was 62.07%(18/29),and the intergroup comparison(tested by chi-square test)showed that the efficacy of Xiaqi Decoction group was significantly superior to that of chemotherapy group(P<0.05).(2)In the second and fourth weeks of chemotherapy,the PFS-R scores for evaluating the degree of fatigue of patients in the two groups were increased when compared with those in the day before chemotherapy(P<0.05),but the PFS-R scores in Xiaqi Decoction group were significantly lower than those in the chemotherapy group after chemotherapy(P<0.01).(3)In the second and fourth weeks of chemotherapy,the QLQ-C30 scores for evaluating the quality of life in the chemotherapy group was decreased when compared with that one day before chemotherapy(P<0.05),whereas the QLQ-C30 scores in the Xiaqi Decoction group showed no obvious changes when compared with that one day before chemotherapy(P>0.05).The intergroup comparison showed that the QLQ-C30 scores of the Xiaqi Decoction group were all significantly higher than those of the chemotherapy group after chemotherapy(P<0.01).(4)The evaluation of nutritional status showed that in the fourth week of chemotherapy,PG-SGA score and poor appetite score in the two groups as well as KPS score in Xiaqi Decoction group were increased when compared with those one day before chemotherapy(P<0.05),while the KPS score in the chemotherapy group was decreased when compared with that one day before chemotherapy(P<0.05).The intergroup comparison showed that PG-SGA score and poor appetite score of Xiaqi Decoction after chemotherapy were lower than those of the chemotherapy group,and the KPS score was higher than that of the chemotherapy group,the differences being statistically significant(P<0.05 or P<0.01).(5)In the chemotherapy group,the serum inflammatory factor levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the second week of chemotherapy and the serum TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 levels in the fourth week of chemotherapy were all increased when compared with those one day before chemotherapy(P<0.05).In the Xiaqi Decoction group,the serum TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 levels were all decreased when compared with those one day before chemotherapy,and significant differences were shown in the serum IL-6 level in the second week of chemotherapy and in the serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the fourth week of chemotherapy when compared with those one day before chemotherapy(P<0.05).The intergroup comparison showed that serum TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 levels in the Xiaqi Decoction group after chemotherapy were significantly lower than those in the chemotherapy group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion Xiaqi Decoction is effective on relieving the clinical symptoms and enhancing the efficacy of patients receiving chemotherapy for stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ colorectal cancer.It can inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors,relieve the CRF and improve the nutritional status and the quality of life of the patients,with higher safety.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Xiaqi Decoction for mice with chemotherapy-induced cancer-related fatigue(CRF)in colon cancer.Methods The successfully constructed chemotherapy-induced CRF mouse model of colon cancer was randomly divided into the model control group and the Xiaqi Decoction group,with 10 mice in each group,and a blank control group was also set up.After each group was given the corresponding intervention,the mice exhaustive swimming time was determined,the tumor size was measured,the tumor inhibition rate was calculated,and the serum levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6 and other safety indicators such as alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and blood ureanitrogen(BUN)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),the protein expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)and nuclear factor κB(NF-κB)p65 in the epithelial cells of tumor lumps(or axillary tissues)were detected by Western Blot.Results(1)Before treatment,the exhaustive swimming time of mice in the model control group was significantly less than that of the blank control group(P<0.01);after 28 days of treatment,the exhaustive swimming time of mice in the Xiaqi Decoction group was significantly longer than that of the model control group(P<0.01),and it was time-dependent.(2)The tumor size of mice in the Xiaqi Decoction group was gradually decreased from 4-28 days of treatment,and the tumor inhibition rate was 68.96%after 28 days of treatment.(3)The serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in the model control group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group(P<0.01);and the serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in the Xiaqi Decoction group were significantly lower than those in the model control group(P<0.05).(4)The serum levels of ALT,AST and BUN in the model control group were higher than those in the blank control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the serum levels of ALT,AST and BUN in the Xiaqi Decoction group were lower than those in the model control group(P<0.05).(5)The protein expression levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in tumor epithelial cells of the model control group were higher than those of the blank control group(P<0.01);the protein expression levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in tumor epithelial cells of the Xiaqi Decoction group were lower than those of the model control group(P<0.01).Conclusion Xiaqi Decoction can effectively promote physical recovery,and inhibit tumor growth in mice with chemotherapy-induced CRF of colon cancer,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 expression,thus to reduce the inflammatory response,with certain degree of safety.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis, to construct a clinical prediction model for patients with pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods:In January 2024, a total of 232 patients with pneumoconiosis (including coal workers' pneumoconiosis and silicosis) who were treated in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the Third People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Occupational Disease Hospital) from January 2022 to January 2023 were randomly selected as the study subjects. Collectted basic patient information and diagnostic data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors related to pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis. According to the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, a nomogram was established, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the predictive ability.Results:Among the 232 patients with pneumoconiosis, 73 were complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis, accounting for 31.47% (73/232). Multivariate logistic regression analysis determined that dust exposure time, type of work, smoking history, and lung function level were all risk factors for pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis ( OR=10.33, 95% CI=1.92~55.66, OR=5.43, 95% CI=1.91~15.44, OR=3.10, 95% CI=1.15~8.37, OR=4.00, 95% CI=1.62~9.87; P<0.05). The constructed nomogram model has good clinical applicability when the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is 0.77 [95% CI (0.69, 0.73) ], the calibration curve is close to the ideal diagonal, the absolute error between the simulation curve and the actual curve is 0.03, and the DCA decision curve shows that the probability threshold of the nomogram model is 1%-90%. Conclusion:The risk of pneumoconiosis complicated with tuberculosis is high, and the risk factors of dust exposure time, smoking history, type of work and lung function level are high. This nomogram model can be used to predict the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with pneumoconiosis, which is helpful for early intervention.

The National Essential Medicines System could protect public health and ensure access to essential medications.Although the current selection methods for China's National Essential Medicines Lists(NEMLs)are becoming more scientific and standardized,there are still problems such as much emphasis on expert experience and the lack of transparency of decision-making basis.To address these issues,it proposes an evidence-based decision-making pathway for NEMLs selection guided by clinical value.This approach ensures a strong integration of evidence and decision-making,offering valuable insights for improving the adjustment procedures and selection criteria of the NEMLs in China.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of nodakenin(Nod)in neuropathic pain(NP).Methods Differential expression genes in the primary somatsensory cortex(S1)of NP data and overlapping genes between the dataset and mitochondrial data were screened and analyzed.Overlapping gene interaction networks were overlapped and core genes were screened.A total of 27 mice were randomly divided into the sham operation group,the model group and the drug administration group(9 mice/group).The chronic compression injury model of sciatic nerve was constructed in the model group and the drug administration group.Nod 10 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected into the drug administration group for 1 week.Changes of pain behavior and motor ability in mice were detected.HE staining and Nissl staining were used to detect effects of nerve injury and inflammation on brain tissue of S1 region of mice.The expression levels of interleukin-1β,early gene(c-Fos),panthenol-cytochrome c reductase complex III subunit(Uqcrq)and ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit(Nduf)b5 in S1 brain region were analyzed by Western blot assay.Molecular docking was used to study the target of Nod.PC12 cells were divided into the control group,the IL-1β group(1 μmol/L IL-1β treatment)and the IL-1β+Nod group(1 μmol/L IL-1β+1 μmol/L Nod treatment),and mitochondrial membrane potential was detected in each group.Results In the NP dataset GSE180627,S1 brain region contained 293 differentially expressed genes,and the mitochondrial data contained 1 082 genes.There were 34 overlapping genes,and genes related to oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport chain were enriched.The protein interaction network showed that core genes included electron transport chain related proteins Ndufb5,Uqcrq,Ndufs8,Ndufa7,Ndufa3,Cox6b1 and Mrps33.Compared with the model group,the mechanical foot shrinkage threshold,thermal foot shrinkage reflex latency and rod rotation residence time of mice were increased in the drug administration group,the number of inflammatory infiltrating cells in S1 tissue and the number of Nislet bodies in neurons,expression levels of c-Fos and IL-1β in neurons were decreased,and expression levels of Uqcrq and Ndufb5 were increased(P＜0.05).Molecular docking showed that Nod could bind Uqcrq and Ndufb5.Compared with the IL-1β group,the fluorescence signal of mitochondrial membrane potential was enhanced in the IL-1β+Nod group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Nodakenin can improve pain behavior in mice,and its mechanism involves ameliorating mitochondrial damage in S1.