To summarize the distribution characteristics of human papillomavirus(HPV) infection types in patients with cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion(SIL) and cervical cancer(CC), and to explore the impact of HPV vaccination, HPV infection types, and general clinical data on different grades of cervical lesions.

Clinical data of women attending the gynecological colposcopy clinic of Shenzhen People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected. Patients with HPV genotyping records and histopathologically diagnosed SIL or CC were included and divided into three groups based on pathological results: low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(LSIL) group, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL) group, and CC group. The distribution of high-risk HPV subtypes was analyzed among the three groups, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify influencing factors for high-grade cervical lesions.

A total of 4162 patients were included, comprising 4057 cervical SIL patients(3317 LSIL and 740 HSIL) and 105 CC patients. The overall mean age was(39.9±11.2) years. The HPV infection rate was 95.1%(3959/4162), and 25.0%(1040/4162) of patients had received HPV vaccination. Among high-risk HPV infections, HPV 52, HPV 16, HPV 58, and HPV 18 were the most common subtypes. HPV 52 had the highest infection rate in the LSIL group(27.6%), while HPV 16 was the most prevalent in the HSIL group(45.3%) and CC group(64.9%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that HPV vaccination(OR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.50-0.79, P < 0.001), non-high-risk HPV single infection(OR=0.17, 95% CI: 0.09-0.33, P < 0.001), HPV 16 single infection(OR=7.05, 95% CI: 4.60-10.82, P < 0.001), multiple HPV infections(OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.08-2.48, P= 0.022), age > 60 years(OR=2.22, 95% CI: 1.45-3.40, P < 0.001), parity of 2(OR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.14-2.02, P= 0.004), and parity≥3(OR=2.02, 95% CI: 1.44-2.84, P < 0.001) were influencing factors for high-grade cervical lesions(including HSIL and CC).

HPV infection is common in patients with SIL and CC, but the distribution of high-risk HPV subtypes varies among different grades of cervical lesions. It is recommended to strengthen cervical cancer screening and monitoring of key high-risk HPV infections in older and multiparous women in Shenzhen, and to continue promoting HPV vaccination.

Objective:To explore the application effect of BOPPPS (Bridge-in, Objectives, Pre-assessment, Participatory learning, Post-assessment, and Summary) combined with scenario simulation in cultivating the humanistic care ability of undergraduate nursing interns.Methods:Undergraduate nursing students who were interning at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected by convenience sampling. The 46 interns from June to December 2023 were set as the control group, and the 46 interns from June to December 2024 were set as the experimental group. The control group adopted the traditional lecture-based teaching method, while the experimental group adopted BOPPPS combined with scenario simulation. Theoretical and practical scores, humanistic care ability, empathy ability, and critical thinking ability of the two groups were compared.Results:After the intervention, the theoretical and practical scores, as well as humanistic care ability, empathy ability, and critical thinking ability scores of the experimental group were all higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:BOPPPS combined with scenario simulation plays a positive role in improving theoretical and practical scores, humanistic care ability, empathy ability, and critical thinking ability of undergraduate nursing interns, and it is worthy of further promotion and application.

Objective:To explore the application effect of BOPPPS (Bridge-in, Objectives, Pre-assessment, Participatory learning, Post-assessment, and Summary) combined with scenario simulation in cultivating the humanistic care ability of undergraduate nursing interns.Methods:Undergraduate nursing students who were interning at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected by convenience sampling. The 46 interns from June to December 2023 were set as the control group, and the 46 interns from June to December 2024 were set as the experimental group. The control group adopted the traditional lecture-based teaching method, while the experimental group adopted BOPPPS combined with scenario simulation. Theoretical and practical scores, humanistic care ability, empathy ability, and critical thinking ability of the two groups were compared.Results:After the intervention, the theoretical and practical scores, as well as humanistic care ability, empathy ability, and critical thinking ability scores of the experimental group were all higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:BOPPPS combined with scenario simulation plays a positive role in improving theoretical and practical scores, humanistic care ability, empathy ability, and critical thinking ability of undergraduate nursing interns, and it is worthy of further promotion and application.

Objective To explore the pulmonary ultrasound manifestations of pediatric infectious pneumonia and its combined diagnostic value with serum amyloid protein A(SAA)/hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)and procalcitonin(PCT).Methods A tatol of 107 children with infectious pneumonia admitted to the 903rd Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the People's Liberation Army of China from January 2019 to June 2023 were selected as the research group,and 50 healthy children who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group.Both groups of children underwent lung ultrasound examination to analyze the ultrasound manifestations of children with infectious pneumonia,compare SAA/hs-CRP and PCT,and analyze the diagnostic value of lung ultrasound combined with SAA/hs-CRP and PCT detection for pediatric infectious pneumonia.Results Among 107 children with infectious pneumonia,104 were diagnosed positive by lung ultrasound,with a positive rate of 97.20％.The lung ultrasound score,SAA/hs-CRP,and PCT of the study group were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The lung ultrasound score,SAA/hs-CRP,and PCT in children with severe infectious pneumonia were higher than those in mild cases(P＜0.05).The diagnostic efficacy of lung ultrasound combined with SAA/hs-CRP and PCT detection for pediatric infectious pneumonia is superior to that of individual detection,with a curve area of 0.923,sensitivity and specificity of 92.30％and 87.98％,respectively.The lung ultrasound score is positively correlated with SAA/hs-CRP and PCT(P＜0.05).Conclusion Pulmonary ultrasound can display the characteristics of pulmonary lesions in children with infectious pneumonia.The ultrasound manifestations of children are mostly abnormal pleural lines,increased B-lines,and pulmonary consolidation.Combined detection with SAA/hs-CRP and PCT can further improve the diagnostic efficiency of pediatric infectious pneumonia.

Objective:To explore the cleansing effect of Nitric Oxide (NO) sustained-release silica nanoparticles (short for NO sustained-release agent) on endoscopic biofilm and its clinical application.Methods:A total of 160 clinical endoscopes were randomly divided into two groups: the cleansing agent group (80 pieces, disinfected with cleansing agents), NO group (80 pieces, disinfected with NO sustained-release agent). A biofilm model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was constructed and used as the control for phosphate buffered solution (PBS) treatment. A biofilm model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the surface of endoscopic lumen was built first in vitro. Scanning electron microscopy was then used to observe the microstructure of biofilm after treatment with NO sustained-release agent. Viable counting method was used to evaluate the cleansing effect of NO sustained-release agent on biofilm. Finally, at the clinical level, the actual disinfection effect of NO sustained-release agent on clinical endoscopy was evaluated by detecting the protein residues, viable counting and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) biofluorescence detection. Results:The scanning electron microscopy showed that the biofilm was intact in the model group, but scattered bacteria were observed on the biofilm surface in the NO group and the detergent group. Compared with the model group [(4.86±2.67)×10 6(colony-forming units, CFU)/mL], the standard CFUs of the NO group [(1.37±0.61)×10 4CFU/mL] and the detergent group [(1.31±0.21)×10 5CFU/mL] were significantly lower (detergent group VS model group, P=0.009; NO group VS model group, P=0.008), and there was significant difference between the detergent group and the model group ( t=9.53, P=0.000 6). The levels of residual proteins in the endoscopic lumens before and after the treatment were 8.03±1.47 mg/mL and 0.50±0.37 mg/mL in the NO group, 8.01±1.51 mg/mL and 0.91±0.52 mg/mL in the detergent group with significant difference ( P<0.01), and the reduction effect of the NO group was more significant. The disinfection of NO group and cleaning agent group was within the qualifying range, but the ATP bioluminescence value, protein residue and colony count of NO group (78.56±42.59 RLU, 0.50±0.37 mg/mL, 7.55±4.56 CFU) were significantly lower than those of detergent agent group (120.80±54.00 RLU,0.91±0.52 mg/mL,11.50±4.75 CFU, P<0.01). Conclusion:NO sustained-release agent can effectively clear endoscopic biofilm and further improve the disinfection effect on endoscopes, which may be of great significance for improving the effects on treatment and prognosis of patients.

Objective To investigate the relationship between baseline serum uric acid and the severity of coronary artery disease ( CAD ) in the first-degree relatives or non-first-degree relatives of men with type 2 diabetes. Methods Three hundred and eighty-one men with negative coronary angiography for the first time were divided into diabetes and non-diabetes groups and followed-up for 5 years. The primary outcome was acute coronary syndrome suspected during subsequent 5 years, and the coronary angiography was conducted simultaneously. The severity of CAD was assessed by the coronary stenosis index ( CSI) and the number of coronary lesion vessels. Results In normal blood glucose group, serum uric acid was higher in the first-degree relatives of diabetics compared with non-first-degree relatives(P<0. 01), along with higher morbidity of CAD, CSI, and coronary lesion vessels (all P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that CSI(r=0. 250, P=0. 041) and coronary lesion vessels(r=0. 252, P=0. 040) in non-diabetics group were associated with baseline levels of serum uric acid. Conclusion The elevation of serum uric acid was closely related to subsequent CAD, especially in first-degree relatives of male with type 2 diabetes, which could be used as an early indicator for CAD prediction.

Objective To investigate the impact of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS)on immune function in patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy.Methods Sixty patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy (34 males,26 females,aged 38-57 years,ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ),were randomly divided into two groups:enhanced recovery after surgery group (group E)and non-enhanced recovery after surgery group (group C).The patients in group E received enhanced recovery after surgery,while the patients in group C received routine perioperative management and anesthesia methods.The operation method and time,the volume of bleeding,the intraoperative fentanyl con-sumption,the volume of fluid input,the preoperative and postoperative CVP and temperature were recorded in the two groups.Blood samples were obtained before induction (T0 ),at the end of opera-tion (T1 ),on day 1 (T2 ),day 3 (T3 ),day 7 (T4 )after operation for determination of plasma con-centration of IgA,IgM,IgG and the percentages of T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+ ,CD4+ ,CD8+ ) and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were detected with flow cytometry.Furthermore,the visual analogue scale (VAS)score and Ramsay score were evaluated 4 hours,8 hours,24 hours and 48 hours after opera-tion in two groups.Results Compared with group C,the intraoperative fentanyl consumption,the volume of fluid input and the postoperative CVP in group E were significantly decreased,while the postoperative temperature was significantly increased (P < 0.05 ).Compared with T0 , the percentages of CD3+ ,CD4+ ,the CD4+/CD8+ ratio and the plasma concentration of IgA,IgM,IgG in group E on T1-T3 were significantly decreased,the percentages of CD3+ ,CD4+ ,the CD4+/CD8+ratio and the plasma concentration of IgA,IgM,IgG in group C on T1-T4 were significantly decreased (P <0.05).Compared with group C,the percentages of CD3+ ,CD4+ ,the CD4+/CD8+ ratio and the plasma concentration of IgA,IgM,IgG in group E on T1-T4 were significantly increased (P <0.05),the visual analogue scale (VAS)score 4 hours,8 hours,24 hours after operation were signifi-cantly decreased (P <0.05).The comparision of Ramsay scores at all the time points between two groups were similar.Conclusion ERAS applied to patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy can reduce the intraoperative fentanyl consumption,prevent the occurrence of hypothermia and provide satisfactory postoperative analgesia,which can significantly improve the immune function in patients.

Objective To evaluate the effect of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on cellular immune function in diabetic rats.Methods Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 3 months,weighing 240-280 g,were used in this study.Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal 1％ streptozotocin 60 mg/kg and confirmed by blood glucose ≥ 16.7 mmol/L 3 days later.Forty-eight rats with diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=24 each) using a random number table:diabetes mellitus group (group DM) and group SGB.Another 24 healthy rats,aged 3 months,were selected and served as control group (group C).At 1 week after successful establishment of the model,unilateral transection of cervical sympathetic trunk (TCST) was performed in group SGB,while the right cervical sympathetic trunk was only exposed in C and DM groups.Before TCST (T0) and on 1,3,7 days after TCST (T1-3),6 rats were randomly selected from each group,and blood samples were collected from the inferior vena cava for determination of the blood glucose,plasma norepinephrine (NE) concentrations (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay),and levels of T lymphocyte subsets CD3+,CD4+ and CD8+ in whole blood (using FACSCalibur flow cytometer).C D4+/CD8+ratio was calculated.The rats were weighed before sacrifice,and the rats were sacrificed to obtain the thymus which was weighed.The thymus index (thymus weight/body weight) was calculated.Results Compared with group C,the blood glucose was significantly increased,and the levels of CD3+ and CD4+ in whole blood,CD4+/CD8+ ratio,and thymus index were significantly decreased at T0-3 (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in CD8+ levels in DM and SGB groups (P＞0.05),the plasma NE concentrations were significantly decreased at T1-3 in group SGB (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in plasma NE concentrations in group DM (P＞0.05).Compared with group DM,the blood glucose and plasma NE concentrations were significantly decreased,and the levels of CD3+ and CD4+ in whole blood,CD4+/CD8+ ratio,and thymus index were significantly increased at T1-3 (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in CD8+ levels in group SGB (P＞0.05).Conclusion SGB can improve the cellular immune function in diabetic rats.

Objective To observe the effect of intra-articular injection of berberine on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13,ADAMTS-5,Aggrecan and Collagen Ⅱ in the cartilage of rabbits with osteoarthritis.Methods Thirty male New Zealand White rabbits underwent bilateral anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT).On the basis of randomization one knee of each rabbit was treated with 0.3 ml 100 μmol/L berberine resolved in the normal saline (NS) (the experimental group) and the other knee was treated under the same schedule using NS (the placebo group) 4 weeks after transection,once a week for five weeks.Nine weeks after ACLT,all rabbits were killed and the knee joints were evaluated by histology and biochemistry.The mRNA expression of MMP-13,ADAMTS-5,Aggrecan and Collagen Ⅱ in the cartilage was analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).All data were analyzed using Student's t test.Results Mankin histological evaluation showed that the extent and grade of cartilage damage in the experimental group (6.9±1.9) were less severe than the placebo group (9.3±1.2)(t=3.394,P＜0.01).The mRNA expression of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 decreased (160±54;166±47) (t=3.311,P＜0.01;t=2.651,P＜0.05) while that of Aggrecan (261±50) and Collagen Ⅱ (335±64) increased in cartilage compared to the placebo group (233±45;234±67;186±64;254±69),the differences were significant (t=2.941,P＜0.01;t=2.743,P＜0.05).The content of hydroxyproline (Hyp) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in cartilage [(23.5±2.8) μg/mg;(30±3) μg/mg] increased significantly in the experimental group (t=2.941,P＜0.01;t=2.743,P＜0.05) compared to the placebo group [(19.9±2.8) μg/mg;(27.4±2.9) μg/mg].Conclusion Berberine protects against cartilage degradation and inhibits the progression of osteoarthritis by suppressing MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 expression.

OBJECTIVETo analyze virulence genes and molecular characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from sporadic cases with diarrhea in tow sentinel hospitals of Shanghai, 2010-2012.

METHODSA total of 2 729 stool samples were collected from two surveillance sentinel hospitals in Shanghai 2010-2012. Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains were isolated and identified from diarrhea out patients using TCBS agar plates and biochemical reactions. Thermostable direct hemolysingene (tdh), thermostable-related hemolysin gene (trh), hemolysin gene (tlh) were detected by multiplex PCR method. Isolates were analyzed by PFGE and MLST. The PFGE profiles were analyzed using BioNumerics software.

RESULTSA total of 30 clinical Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated from 2 729 stool samples. The anually Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolation rate during 2010 to 2012 were 1.1%(11/973), 1.0%(11/1 120) and 1.3%(8/636) respectively. The PCR positive rates of virulence genes tlh, tdh and trh were 100%, 97% and 0 respectively. The Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains were divided into 13 PFGE types (P1-P13)and 3 ST types (ST-189, ST-799, ST-3). Among 13 PFGE types, P4 was the main PFGE type, accounting for 30%(9/30). P9, P10 were accounting for 12% (4/30) respectively, P1, P2, P12, P13 were accounting for 7%(2/30) respectively, the others types were 3%(1/30) respectively. MLST analysis results showed there are three ST types, ST3 was 84%(25/30), ST189 and ST799 were accounting for 13% (4/30) and 3% (1/30) respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe infection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was not very high from 2010-2012 in Shanghai, all strains were positive for tlh and negative for trh. ST3 was the major type of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

China ; Diarrhea ; Genotype ; Hemolysin Proteins ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Multilocus Sequence Typing ; Outpatients ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sentinel Surveillance ; Vibrio Infections ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus ; Virulence