Objective:To explore the clinical effects of sequential treatment of extensive skin and soft tissue injuries of the lower leg accompanied by large segmental tibial defects by free transplantation of anterolateral thigh perforator flap combined with bone transport.Methods:This study was a retrospective observational study. From April 2020 to January 2024, 8 patients with extensive skin and soft tissue injuries of the lower leg accompanied by large segmental tibial defects who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to Beijing Dawanglu Emergency Rescue Hospital. Among them, there were 6 males and 2 females, aged 17 to 58 years. After debridement, the area was 17 cm×8 cm to 30 cm×12 cm, and the length of tibial defect was 9 to 12 cm. Stage Ⅰ surgery was performed by free transplantation of anterolateral thigh perforator flap to repair the extensive skin and soft tissue injuries of the lower leg and using autologous skin graft from the thigh to repair the remaining wound. Stage Ⅱ surgery was performed after wound healing, the external fixation bracket was removed and replaced with an Orthofix unilateral external fixation lengthening frame (hereinafter referred to as external fixation lengthening frame) to transport the proximal tibial osteotomy for repairing the large segmental bone defects. The intraoperative arteriovenous anastomosis and the blood supply of the flap during stage Ⅰ surgery were documented, along with the survival status of the flap/skin graft in the donor and recipient areas postoperatively, and the wound healing time in the recipient area. The time required for bone transport completion, the duration of external fixation retention, and the occurrence of complications during this period were recorded after stage Ⅱ surgery. During follow-up, the occurrence of adverse events in the recipient area was recorded. At the final follow-up, fracture healing of the affected limb was evaluated according to the Paley score, and limb function was observed.Results:In 2 patients, the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery and the accompanying vein were end-to-end anastomosed with the proximal anterior tibial or posterior tibial artery and vein for antegrade blood supply and antegrade reflux; in 2 patients, the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery was end-to-end anastomosed with the distal anterior tibial artery for retrograde blood supply, and the accompanying vein of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery was end-to-end anastomosed with the proximal anterior tibial vein for antegrade reflux; in 3 patients, the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery was end-to-end anastomosed with the distal posterior tibial artery for retrograde blood supply, and the accompanying vein of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery was end-to-end anastomosed with the distal posterior tibial vein for retrograde reflux; one patient underwent repair of the injury in the affected lower leg using a free cross-leg vascular pedicle flap from the healthy limb. The flaps/skin grafts in the donor and recipient areas of all 8 patients survived, and the wound healing time in recipient area was 14 to 30 days. The bone transport duration of the patients in this group was 93 to 125 days, and the external fixation lengthening frame was continuously retained for 7 to 14 months after the bone transport was stopped; during the bone transport period, 1 patient had pin tract infection, which was controlled after dressing change and enhanced nursing. During the follow-up, there was no ulceration of the wound surface in recipient area, and no osteomyelitis or fracture developed in the affected limb. At the last follow-up, the bone healing evaluation was all excellent; the walking posture and function of the affected limb were basically normal.Conclusions:The application of free transplantation of anterolateral thigh perforator flap combined with bone transport in the sequential treatment of extensive skin and soft tissue injuries of the lower leg accompanied by large segmental tibial defecst can achieve wound healing and functional reconstruction of bone defects, and has great clinical application value.

Purpose To explore the relationship between the proportion of HER2 low expression and clinicopatho-logical characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma patients.Methods Clinical data from 3 779 gastric adenocarcinoma patients who underwent radical resection were collected.HER2 expression was categorized using immunohistochemistry combined with FISH,and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of HER2 low expression gastric adeno-carcinoma patients were analyzed.Results Among the 3 779 gastric adenocarcinoma cases,1 251 cases(33.10％)showed HER2 low expression.Compared with HER2 negative expression,HER2 low expression patients were more likely to be older males,present with well-differentiated Lauren's intestinal-type adenocarcinoma,and have less nerve invasion.Furthermore,compared to HER2 negative expression,they showed higher Ki67 proliferation index and more advanced clinical stage.Meanwhile,compared with patients with HER2 over expression,those with low HER2 expres-sion were more likely to be younger females,present with well-differentiated Lauren's diffuse-type adenocarcinoma,and have more nerve invasion.Furthermore,compared to HER2 over expression,they showed lower Ki67 proliferation index and more advanced clinical stage.There was no significant difference in prognosis between HER2 low expression,HER2 negative,and HER2 over expression groups.Conclusion HER2 low expression have a relatively large propor-tion in gastric adenocarcinoma patients,and HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates may provide an effective treatment option for these patients with HER2 low expression.

Purpose To explore the relationship between the proportion of HER2 low expression and clinicopatho-logical characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma patients.Methods Clinical data from 3 779 gastric adenocarcinoma patients who underwent radical resection were collected.HER2 expression was categorized using immunohistochemistry combined with FISH,and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of HER2 low expression gastric adeno-carcinoma patients were analyzed.Results Among the 3 779 gastric adenocarcinoma cases,1 251 cases(33.10％)showed HER2 low expression.Compared with HER2 negative expression,HER2 low expression patients were more likely to be older males,present with well-differentiated Lauren's intestinal-type adenocarcinoma,and have less nerve invasion.Furthermore,compared to HER2 negative expression,they showed higher Ki67 proliferation index and more advanced clinical stage.Meanwhile,compared with patients with HER2 over expression,those with low HER2 expres-sion were more likely to be younger females,present with well-differentiated Lauren's diffuse-type adenocarcinoma,and have more nerve invasion.Furthermore,compared to HER2 over expression,they showed lower Ki67 proliferation index and more advanced clinical stage.There was no significant difference in prognosis between HER2 low expression,HER2 negative,and HER2 over expression groups.Conclusion HER2 low expression have a relatively large propor-tion in gastric adenocarcinoma patients,and HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates may provide an effective treatment option for these patients with HER2 low expression.

Objective:To explore the clinical effects of sequential treatment of extensive skin and soft tissue injuries of the lower leg accompanied by large segmental tibial defects by free transplantation of anterolateral thigh perforator flap combined with bone transport.Methods:This study was a retrospective observational study. From April 2020 to January 2024, 8 patients with extensive skin and soft tissue injuries of the lower leg accompanied by large segmental tibial defects who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to Beijing Dawanglu Emergency Rescue Hospital. Among them, there were 6 males and 2 females, aged 17 to 58 years. After debridement, the area was 17 cm×8 cm to 30 cm×12 cm, and the length of tibial defect was 9 to 12 cm. Stage Ⅰ surgery was performed by free transplantation of anterolateral thigh perforator flap to repair the extensive skin and soft tissue injuries of the lower leg and using autologous skin graft from the thigh to repair the remaining wound. Stage Ⅱ surgery was performed after wound healing, the external fixation bracket was removed and replaced with an Orthofix unilateral external fixation lengthening frame (hereinafter referred to as external fixation lengthening frame) to transport the proximal tibial osteotomy for repairing the large segmental bone defects. The intraoperative arteriovenous anastomosis and the blood supply of the flap during stage Ⅰ surgery were documented, along with the survival status of the flap/skin graft in the donor and recipient areas postoperatively, and the wound healing time in the recipient area. The time required for bone transport completion, the duration of external fixation retention, and the occurrence of complications during this period were recorded after stage Ⅱ surgery. During follow-up, the occurrence of adverse events in the recipient area was recorded. At the final follow-up, fracture healing of the affected limb was evaluated according to the Paley score, and limb function was observed.Results:In 2 patients, the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery and the accompanying vein were end-to-end anastomosed with the proximal anterior tibial or posterior tibial artery and vein for antegrade blood supply and antegrade reflux; in 2 patients, the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery was end-to-end anastomosed with the distal anterior tibial artery for retrograde blood supply, and the accompanying vein of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery was end-to-end anastomosed with the proximal anterior tibial vein for antegrade reflux; in 3 patients, the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery was end-to-end anastomosed with the distal posterior tibial artery for retrograde blood supply, and the accompanying vein of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery was end-to-end anastomosed with the distal posterior tibial vein for retrograde reflux; one patient underwent repair of the injury in the affected lower leg using a free cross-leg vascular pedicle flap from the healthy limb. The flaps/skin grafts in the donor and recipient areas of all 8 patients survived, and the wound healing time in recipient area was 14 to 30 days. The bone transport duration of the patients in this group was 93 to 125 days, and the external fixation lengthening frame was continuously retained for 7 to 14 months after the bone transport was stopped; during the bone transport period, 1 patient had pin tract infection, which was controlled after dressing change and enhanced nursing. During the follow-up, there was no ulceration of the wound surface in recipient area, and no osteomyelitis or fracture developed in the affected limb. At the last follow-up, the bone healing evaluation was all excellent; the walking posture and function of the affected limb were basically normal.Conclusions:The application of free transplantation of anterolateral thigh perforator flap combined with bone transport in the sequential treatment of extensive skin and soft tissue injuries of the lower leg accompanied by large segmental tibial defecst can achieve wound healing and functional reconstruction of bone defects, and has great clinical application value.

Background The substantial health damage attributed to heat waves, along with their increasing intensity and frequency in the context of global warming, highlights the importance of exploring the health effects of heat waves. Objective To calculate the excess heat stroke cases during heat waves in the summer of 2013—2023 in Shanghai, analyze the association between heat waves and heat stroke, and to further explore the modifying effects of heat wave characteristics on heat stroke. Methods Using a retrospective ecological study design, data on heat stroke cases were collected from the heat stroke case reporting system of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and concurrent meteorological data from Xujiahui Meteorological Station. A heat wave was defined as at least 3 consecutive days with daily maximum temperature meeting or exceeding 35 ℃ in this study, excess heat stroke cases related to heat waves were assessed as the difference between the numbers of heat stroke cases observed on a given day and the corresponding 31 d (15 d before and after that day) moving average, and statistical analyses using generalized linear model based on time series study were performed to assess the impact of heat waves on heat stroke. Results Overall 25 heat waves during the study period were observed, leading to a total of estimated 792.6 extra heat stroke cases. The risk of heat stroke significantly increased during heat waves (RR=2.60, 95%CI: 2.08, 3.26), but no statistically significant differences in heat wave effects were observed among different genders, ages, or regions. In terms of the timing of heat waves, the risk of heat stroke was highest during the first heat wave (RR=3.58, 95%CI: 2.82, 4.55), which was significantly higher than that during the second heat wave (RR=2.19, 95%CI: 1.66, 2.90), and no significant effect was observed during the third or subsequent heat waves. The impact of heat waves on heat stroke persisted for more than 4 d, with the risk higher on the fourth day and beyond (RR=2.95, 95%CI: 2.28, 3.83), significantly higher than on the first day of heat wave (RR=1.74, 95%CI: 1.18, 2.56). Conclusion Heat waves had a substantial effect on heat stroke in Shanghai from 2013 to 2023, and special attention need to be paid to heat waves with early onset and long duration.

Background Non-occupational carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a public health problem that seriously affect people’s health and lives. Objective To describe the prevalence of non-occupational CO poisoning during 2007—2018 in Shanghai, analyze its epidemiological characteristics and potential influencing factors, and explore effective prevention and control measures. Methods Daily reported non-occupational CO poisoning cases and meteorological factors from 2007 to 2018 were collected in Shanghai, epidemiological characteristics were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology methods, and a distributed lag nonlinear model was used to assess the association between temperature and non-occupational CO poisoning. Results A total of 2264 non-occupational CO poisoning events and 3866 cases from 2007 to 2018 were reported in Shanghai, including 59 death cases. More than half of the poisoning cases were female (56.3%), and young adults accounted for more cases than any other age group (54.8%). The poisoning events mainly occurred in winter (from December to next February); however, cases reported in summer increased in recent years. The peak period of the events was from 20:00 to 24:00. Households (85.2%) and restaurants (8.0%) were the common places of non-occupational CO poisoning events, and the main cause was improper use of gas water heater (36.9%). A nonlinear curve was found between daily average temperature of current day and the occurrence of non-occupational CO poisoning. Temperature was negatively associated with the risk of non-occupational CO poisoning when the temperature was lower than 9.6 ℃, while a positive association was found during 9.7-26.0 ℃. Conclusion Winter is a high season for non-occupational CO poisoning in Shanghai, rising cases reported in summer is also worthy of attention. Supervision should be strengthened to ban sales of unqualified gas water heaters, and health education on CO poisoning prevention and control should be conducted through multiple channels, in order to reduce the incidence of CO poisoning.

From May 2013 to March 2020, 25 patients with acute necrotizing fasciitis were admitted to Beijing Chaoyang Emergency Rescue Center, including 18 males and 7 females, aged 7 to 78 years. The lesions were mainly located in the lower extremities, with the original lesion areas ranging from 20 cm×15 cm to 83 cm×42 cm. After admission, comprehensive systemic treatment was performed, the lesion area was cut open and drained as soon as possible, and the necrotic tissue was removed. Vacuum sealing drainage was performed when the necrotic tissue in the wound was reduced. The wounds were directly sutured or repaired with thin split-thickness skin grafts taken from head and/or thigh or local skin flaps after the wounds were improved. The skin grafts and flaps survived well after surgery, and the wound was completely closed. None of the 25 patients had amputation. A total of 21 patients were followed up for more than half a year, showing no recurrence of acute necrotizing fasciitis and no difference in the function of their injured limb after the wound healing than before the onset.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Methods: The clinicopathological data of patients of renal cell carcinoma arising in end-stage renal disease were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (ten cases) and 971 Hospital of PLA Navy (five cases) from January 2009 to August 2018. Results: Among 15 patients, 14 were male and 1 was female, and the age ranged from 38 to 78 years (mean 51 years, median 49 years). All patients had history of chronic renal failure (7-192 months), including 9 patients treated with hemodialysis for 6 to 132 months. In 12 cases the tumor border was distinct and the tumor size ranged from 1.8 to 11.0 cm. Two cases were multifocal and one case showed extensive renal hemorrhage with an inconspicuous tumor mass. Microscopically, 9 cases were clear cell reanl cell carcinoma including one with sarcomatoid differentiation, 4 were acquired cystic kidney disease-associated(ACKD-RCC) and two were papillary renal cell carcinoma. All patients had a follow-up of 3 to 120 months. Four patients died during a follow-up of 6 to 60 months (mean 30 months) as a result of extensive distant metastases (two cases) and renal failure (two cases), while other eleven patients were alive without tumor recurrence or metastasis (median 40.8 months of follow-up ranging from 3 to 120 months). Conclusions ESRD-RCC is more often seen in younger male patients. The time intervals from the onset of chronic renal failure to the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma differ and tumors are frequently incidental findings. The histological types can be sporadic renal cell carcinoma or unique ACKD-RCC. Tumors are often hemorrhagic and necrotic. Routine physical examination and early detection could benefit ESRD-RCC patients. ESRD-RCC may have a favorable prognosis despite of a large tumor size or the presence of sarcomatoid differentiation.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features of indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Methods: Five cases of indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from 2016 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical and pathological parameters were analyzed by combining clinical data and reviewing the available literature of 35 cases (34 cases abroad and 1 case in China). Results: There were 4 males and 1 female with a median age of 47 years (18-66 years). All patients had abdominal pain and constitutional symptoms including diarrhea, emaciation, intermittent mucous stool or oral and epiglottic ulcers. Endoscopic manifestations included multiple punctate congestion, erosion and ulcer at the terminal ileum and colorectum. Two cases had congestion and erosion of antrum and angle of stomach, and the lesions did not fuse and form tumors. Histologically, the lamina propria was expanded by a dense, medium to small lymphocyte infiltration, which was monomorphic, with slightly irregular nuclei without prominent nucleolus or lymphoepithelial lesions. There were admixed small amount of plasma cells and eosinophils. In 4 cases, immunohistochemistry showed the lesional cells were positive for CD3, CD8, TIA1, and negative for CD4, CD56, granzyme B and Ki-67 index was ≤10%. In situ hybridization showed that EBER was negative and clonal TCR gene rearrangement was detected. One consultation case was CD3⁺, CD5^- and Ki-67 index of 10%, although other indicators were not done. All five patients were treated with symptomatic support. In follow-up observation for 2 to 25 months, all patients were alive with the disease. Conclusions Indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract is a newly classified monoclonal T-cell proliferative disease, with low incidence, clinical inertia and long-term survival. It has unique clinicopathological features but pathologically it is easily misdiagnosed as inflammatory bowel disease or T-cell lymphoma. Correct diagnosis is of great important clinical significance.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features of indolent T?cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Methods Five cases of indolent T?cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from 2016 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical and pathological parameters were analyzed by combining clinical data and reviewing the available literature of 35 cases (34 cases abroad and 1 case in China). Results There were 4 males and 1 female with a median age of 47 years (18-66 years). All patients had abdominal pain and constitutional symptoms including diarrhea, emaciation, intermittent mucous stool or oral and epiglottic ulcers. Endoscopic manifestations included multiple punctate congestion, erosion and ulcer at the terminal ileum and colorectum. Two cases had congestion and erosion of antrum and angle of stomach, and the lesions did not fuse and form tumors. Histologically, the lamina propria was expanded by a dense, medium to small lymphocyte infiltration, which was monomorphic, with slightly irregular nuclei without prominent nucleolus or lymphoepithelial lesions. There were admixed small amount of plasma cells and eosinophils. In 4 cases, immunohistochemistry showed the lesional cells were positive for CD3, CD8, TIA1, and negative for CD4, CD56, granzyme B and Ki?67 index was ≤10%. In situ hybridization showed that EBER was negative and clonal TCR gene rearrangement was detected. One consultation case was CD3+, CD5-and Ki?67 index of 10%, although other indicators were not done. All five patients were treated with symptomatic support. In follow?up observation for 2 to 25 months, all patients were alive with the disease. Conclusions Indolent T?cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract is a newly classified monoclonal T?cell proliferative disease, with low incidence, clinical inertia and long?term survival. It has unique clinicopathological features but pathologically it is easily misdiagnosed as inflammatory bowel disease or T?cell lymphoma. Correct diagnosis is of great important clinical significance.