AIM:To explore the correlation be-tween trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO)and Hashi-moto's thyroiditis(HT)and to provide new ideas for early clinical diagnosis of HT.METHODS:A total of 102 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT group)and 204 healthy individuals(control group)were included in the study and clinical data were collected.Serum TMAO levels was determined by stable isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS).SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS:Analysis of the baseline data revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the TMAO levels and gender between the HT group and the control group(P<0.05).In the high-level TMAO group,the proportion of HT(63.7%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(18.6%),the regression analysis showed that high levels of TMAO were correlated with HT and positively correlated with the levels of thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb),thyroglobulin antibody(TgAb),Logistic regression analysis further revealed that serum TMAO was a risk factor for the development of HT.CONCLUSION:In the TMAO>6.80 μmol/L group,the level of TMAO was correlat-ed with HT,and the high level of TMAO was posi-tively correlated with TPOAb and TgAb,which were risk factors for the occurrence of HT.It is suggested that TMAO can predict the risk of HT and has cer-tain clinical value.

AIM:To explore the correlation be-tween trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO)and Hashi-moto's thyroiditis(HT)and to provide new ideas for early clinical diagnosis of HT.METHODS:A total of 102 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT group)and 204 healthy individuals(control group)were included in the study and clinical data were collected.Serum TMAO levels was determined by stable isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS).SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS:Analysis of the baseline data revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the TMAO levels and gender between the HT group and the control group(P<0.05).In the high-level TMAO group,the proportion of HT(63.7%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(18.6%),the regression analysis showed that high levels of TMAO were correlated with HT and positively correlated with the levels of thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb),thyroglobulin antibody(TgAb),Logistic regression analysis further revealed that serum TMAO was a risk factor for the development of HT.CONCLUSION:In the TMAO>6.80 μmol/L group,the level of TMAO was correlat-ed with HT,and the high level of TMAO was posi-tively correlated with TPOAb and TgAb,which were risk factors for the occurrence of HT.It is suggested that TMAO can predict the risk of HT and has cer-tain clinical value.

AIM:To explore the correlation between trimethylamine-N-oxide(TMAO)and type 2 diabetic kidney disease(DKD),and to provide new ideas for the early clinical diagnosis of DKD.METHODS:A total 246 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)ad-mitted to the Department of Endocrinology of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 1,2020 to May 31,2020 were divided into diabetic kidney disease group(DKD group)and simple diabetes mellitus group(NDKD group).According to urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(UACR),the patients were divided into A1,A2 and A3 subgroups.According to the estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR),the patients were divided into G1,G2,G3 and G4-5 sub-groups.According to the Kidney Disease:Improving Global Outcomes(KDIGO)guidelines,the risk of progression of DKD was assessed(low,medium,high or very high risk).General clinical data and laboratory indicators were collected.TMAO level was measured by euzymelinked immunosorbent assay.SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS:In T2DM patients,TMAO level was positively correlated with UACR(r=0.515,P<0.01)and negatively correlated with eGFR(r=-0.409,P<0.01).TMAO is an indepen-dent risk factor for the onset and progression of DKD.In diagnostic model,the AUROC was 0.745 with op-timal cut-off value was 5.37μmol/L.CONCLUSION:TMAO is closely related to the occurrence and de-velopment of DKD,and it has certain clinical predictive value for DKD.Therefore,TMAO may become a po-tential target for the early diagnosis and treatment of DKD.

AIM:To investigate the correlation be-tween vitamin D levels and urinary incontinence in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS:A total 366 female T2DM patients who were hospitalized in Department of Endocrinology,First Hospital of Lanzhou University from May 2022 to July 2023 were selected and were classified as vi-tamin D deficiency(＜20 ng/mL),insufficiency(20-30 ng/mL),and sufficiency(＞30 ng/mL)according to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]concen-tration.The prevalence of urinary incontinence and severity was compared among three groups.Ad-justed logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between vitamin D levels and urinary in-continence and its subtypes.RESULTS:Of the 366 patients,174(47.5％)T2DM with urinary inconti-nence.25(OH)D level was significantly lower in group with urinary incontinence than without(11.9 ng/mL vs.17.8 ng/mL,P＜0.01).The prevalence of urinary incontinence and moderate and severe uri-nary incontinence was significantly higher in group with vitamin D deficiency than groups with insuffi-ciency and sufficiency(P＜0.05).Adjusted logistic re-gression analysis showed that vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased risk of any incon-tinence and urgency incontinence compared to vi-tamin D sufficiency(P＜0.05),vitamin D insufficien-cy was not associated with urinary incontinence.Age,BMI,parity and low 25(OH)D levels were inde-pendent risk factors for combined urinary inconti-nence in women with T2DM.CONCLUSION:Vita-min D deficiency is significantly associated with the risk of urinary incontinence in women with T2DM,and appropriate vitamin D supplementation may have some benefits for urinary incontinence.

AIM:To investigate the correlation be-tween vitamin D levels and urinary incontinence in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS:A total 366 female T2DM patients who were hospitalized in Department of Endocrinology,First Hospital of Lanzhou University from May 2022 to July 2023 were selected and were classified as vi-tamin D deficiency(＜20 ng/mL),insufficiency(20-30 ng/mL),and sufficiency(＞30 ng/mL)according to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]concen-tration.The prevalence of urinary incontinence and severity was compared among three groups.Ad-justed logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between vitamin D levels and urinary in-continence and its subtypes.RESULTS:Of the 366 patients,174(47.5％)T2DM with urinary inconti-nence.25(OH)D level was significantly lower in group with urinary incontinence than without(11.9 ng/mL vs.17.8 ng/mL,P＜0.01).The prevalence of urinary incontinence and moderate and severe uri-nary incontinence was significantly higher in group with vitamin D deficiency than groups with insuffi-ciency and sufficiency(P＜0.05).Adjusted logistic re-gression analysis showed that vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased risk of any incon-tinence and urgency incontinence compared to vi-tamin D sufficiency(P＜0.05),vitamin D insufficien-cy was not associated with urinary incontinence.Age,BMI,parity and low 25(OH)D levels were inde-pendent risk factors for combined urinary inconti-nence in women with T2DM.CONCLUSION:Vita-min D deficiency is significantly associated with the risk of urinary incontinence in women with T2DM,and appropriate vitamin D supplementation may have some benefits for urinary incontinence.

Osteoporosis is one of the common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recent studies have shown that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) can promote bone formation and inhibit bone resorption, suggesting that this hypoglycemic drugs may benefit T2DM patients with osteoporosis and high fracture risk, but its underlying mechanism is not fully understood, and different GLP-1RAs exhibit different skeletal effects and molecular mechanisms. In this paper, the effects of several GLP-1RAs on bone metabolism are reviewed.

Objective To compare the concentration of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), MCP-1 and RANTES in peritoneal fluid in women with endometriosis and normal peritonal fluid ,To explore the relationship between these cytokines with pathogenesis of endometriosis. Methods There were 2 groups:the endometriosis group and the control group.Double-antibody sandwich ABC-ELISA technique was adopted for determinating concentration of NF-кB、MCP-1 and RANTES in peritoneal fluid. Results Peritoneal fluid level of NF-κB MCP-1 and RANTES in endometriosis patients was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). NF-κB and MCP-1, NF-κB and RANTES expressed positive correlation by linear correlation analysis in both EMs group and control group , correlation coefficients were 0.385, 0.569(EMs group), 0.474, 0.388(P < 0.05). Conclusions NF-кB、MCP-1 and RANTES are mutual affection and promote endometriosis in the pathogenesis.

OBJECTIVE: Audiometric configuration distribution of hearing loss was analyzed for public policy efforts of hearing loss prevention and rehabilitation. METHOD: According to the archived records of the Clinical Audiology Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, audiometric configuration distribution was analyzed by different type,degree of hearing loss and age factor. RESULT: 1. Overall audiometric configuration distribution: the percentages of "sloping", "rising", "flat", "U-shaped", and other type of audiometric configuration distributions are 52.8%, 7.6%, 15.4%, 13.2% and 11.0%, respectively. No difference was found between male and female in the audiometric configuration distribution; 2. Audiometric configuration distribution by type of hearing loss: sloping hearing loss dominants sensorineural and mixed hearing loss; 3. Audiometric configuration distribution by degree of hearing loss: sloping hearing loss dominants mild, moderate and severe hearing loss, U-shaped hearing loss dominants profound hearing loss; 4. Audiometric configuration distribution by age: for age group 5 to 7, the highest prevalence of audiometric configuration is "sloping", followed by "flat", "U-shaped", other type and "rising"; with the age increasing, the percentage of sloping hearing loss increased dramatically. CONCLUSION Audiometric configuration distribution shows obvious characteristic of on the type, degree of hearing loss and age factor. "sloping" hearing loss dominates the audiometric configuration.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Audiometry ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Auditory Threshold ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hearing Loss ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the protective effects of Naoxintong capsule on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.Methods 45 SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham operation group (n=5), ischemia-reperfusion group (n=10), small dose of Naoxintong capsule group (n=10), large dose of Naoxintong capsule group (n=10), CoQ-10 group (n=10). The the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established by occluding bilateral carotid arteries of animal. The moisture content and activity of ATPase in brain tissue of model rat were observed respectively at ischemia 30 min plus reperfusion 30 min and ischemia 30 min plus reperfusion 60 min.Results The activities of Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase decreased (P<0.01), contents of water in brain tissues increased (P<0.01) in the ischemia-reperfusion group, compared with the sham operation group. The activities of Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase increased (P<0.01), contents of water in brain tissues decreased (P<0.01) in the Naoxintong capsule group, compared with the ischemia-reperfusion group.Conclusion Naoxintong capsule can protect the brain tissue from ischemia-reperfusion injury.

The training of basic scientific research skills is very important for seven-year medical program students. Through various kinds of scientific research training in preclinical medical teaching stage, the students’ abilities of scientific thinking, performing experiments, and writing scientific papers have been improved.