Objective To analyze the trends in the disease burden of schistosomiasis in China from 1992 to 2021, and to project the disease burden of schistosomiasis in China from 2022 to 2030, so as to provide insights into the elimination of schistosomiasis in China. Methods The prevalence, age-standardized prevalence, disability-adjusted life year (DALYs) rate and age-standardized DALYs rate of schistosomiasis, as well as the years lost due to disability (YLDs) rate and age-standardized YLDs rate of anemia attributable to Schistosoma infections in China, the world and different socio-demographic index (SDI) regions were captured from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) data resources, and the trends in the disease burden due to schistosomiasis were evaluated with estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). In addition, the age, period and cohort effects on the prevalence of schistosomiasis were examined in China using an age-period-cohort (APC) model, and the disease burden of schistosomiasis was predicted in China from 2022 to 2030 using a Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model. Results The age-standardized prevalence and DALYs rate of schistosomiasis, and the age-standardized YLDs rate of anemia attributable to Schistosoma infections were 761.32/10⁵, 5.55/10⁵ and 0.38/10⁵ in China in 2021. These rates were all lower than the global levels (1 914.30/10⁵, 21.90/10⁵ and 3.36/10⁵, respectively), as well as those in the medium SDI regions (1 413.61/10⁵, 12.10/10⁵ and 1.93/10⁵, respectively), low-medium SDI regions (2 461.03/10⁵, 26.81/10⁵ and 4.48/10⁵, respectively), and low SDI regions (5 832.77/10⁵, 94.48/10⁵ and 10.65/10⁵, respectively), but higher than those in the high SDI regions (59.47/10⁵, 0.49/10⁵ and 0.05/10⁵, respectively) and high-medium SDI regions (123.11/10⁵, 1.20/10⁵ and 0.12/10⁵, respectively). The prevalence and DALYs rate of schistosomiasis were higher among men (820.79/10⁵ and 5.86/10⁵, respectively) than among women (697.96/10⁵ and 5.23/10⁵, respectively) in China in 2021, while the YLDs rate of anemia attributable to Schistosoma infections was higher among women (0.66/10⁵) than among men (0.12/10⁵). The prevalence of schistosomiasis peaked at ages of 30 to 34 years among both men and women, while the DALYs rate of schistosomiasis peaked among men at ages of 15 to 19 years and among women at ages of 20 to 24 years. The age-standardized prevalence of schistosomiasis showed a moderate decline in China from 1992 to 2021 relative to different SDI regions [EAPC = -1.51%, 95% CI: (-1.65%, -1.38%)], while the age-standardized DALYs rate [EAPC = -3.61%, 95% CI: (-3.90%, -3.33%)] and age-standardized YLDs rate of anemia attributable to Schistosoma infections [EAPC = -4.16%, 95% CI: (-4.38%, -3.94%)] appeared the fastest decline in China from1992 to 2021 relative to different SDI regions. APC modeling showed age, period, and cohort effects on the trends in the prevalence of schistosomiasis in China from 1992 to 2021, and the prevalence of schistosomiasis appeared a rise followed by decline with age, and reduced with period and cohort. BAPC modeling revealed that the age-standardized prevalence and age-standardized DALYs rate of schistosomiasis, and age-standardized YLDs rate of anemia attributable to Schistosoma infections all appeared a tendency towards a decline in China from 2022 to 2030, which reduced to 722.72/10⁵ [95% CI: (538.74/10⁵, 906.68/10⁵)], 5.19/10⁵ [95% CI: (3.54/10⁵, 6.84/10⁵)] and 0.30/10⁵ [95% CI: (0.21/10⁵, 0.39/10⁵)] in 2030, respectively. Conclusions The disease burden of schistosomiasis appeared a tendency towards a decline in China from 1992 to 2021, and is projected to appear a tendency towards a decline from 2022 to 2030. There are age, period and cohort effects on the prevalence of schistosomiasis in China. Precision schistosomiasis control is required with adaptations to current prevalence and elimination needs.

This study aims to simultaneously detect three antibiotic resistance genes(blaNDM,mcr-1 and cfr).A triplex fluorescence quantitative PCR method was established.Plasmids,primers and probes were designed and optimized.The method could specifically detect blaNDM,mcr-1 and cfr,but not other antibiotic resistance genes.The R2 of the standard curves of the three antibiotic re-sistance genes were all greater than 0.999,and the coefficients of variation were all lower than 1％.The lowest detection limits of the plasmids were 1 × 102 copies/μL.This method was used to de-tect 800 bacterial samples.The results showed that 32 samples contained mcr-1 gene,40 samples contained blaNDM gene,2 samples contained cfr gene,8 samples contained both mcr-1 and blaNDM genes.There were no samples carrying three antibiotic resistance genes detected.The results indica-ted that the triplex fluorescence quantitative PCR method established in this experiment had the advantages of high sensitivity,specificity and stability.It was suitable for rapid detection of blaNDM,mcr-1 and cfr antibiotic resistance genes in clinical practice.It provided a convenient and quick method basis for the detection of antibiotic resistance genes.

This study aims to simultaneously detect three antibiotic resistance genes(blaNDM,mcr-1 and cfr).A triplex fluorescence quantitative PCR method was established.Plasmids,primers and probes were designed and optimized.The method could specifically detect blaNDM,mcr-1 and cfr,but not other antibiotic resistance genes.The R2 of the standard curves of the three antibiotic re-sistance genes were all greater than 0.999,and the coefficients of variation were all lower than 1％.The lowest detection limits of the plasmids were 1 × 102 copies/μL.This method was used to de-tect 800 bacterial samples.The results showed that 32 samples contained mcr-1 gene,40 samples contained blaNDM gene,2 samples contained cfr gene,8 samples contained both mcr-1 and blaNDM genes.There were no samples carrying three antibiotic resistance genes detected.The results indica-ted that the triplex fluorescence quantitative PCR method established in this experiment had the advantages of high sensitivity,specificity and stability.It was suitable for rapid detection of blaNDM,mcr-1 and cfr antibiotic resistance genes in clinical practice.It provided a convenient and quick method basis for the detection of antibiotic resistance genes.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of online problem management plus (PM+) intervention on the mental health among adults with anxiety.Methods:Ninety subjects with anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) total score≥5) were enrolled and randomly allocated into either waiting group or online PM+group. Participants in the online PM+intervention group received online PM+intervention twice a week for 3 weeks, while participants in the waiting group received general psychological supports. Psychological evaluation was performed at the end of the 3-week treatment and at 6 months after treatment. Outcome measures included GAD-7, Patient Health Questionnaire -(PHQ-9), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Two-factor repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the scores of the two groups at baseline and after intervention. Single-factor repeated measure analysis of variance was used to compare the differences of scores at baseline,3-week post-intervention, and 6-month follow-up in the online PM+ group.Results:A total of 37 (37/45) pations in the online PM+intervention group and 30 (30/45) patients in the waiting group completed the psychological evaluation after intervention. After 3-week intervention, compared with baseline, no significant change was found in the scores of GAD-7 ( F=0.08, P=0.782), PHQ-9 ( F=0.33, P=0.570), PHQ-15 ( F=0.20, P=0.660), PSS-14 ( F=0.14, P=0.05) and ISI ( F=0.02, P=0.880) in the waiting group. The changes of GAD-7 ( F=22.61, P<0.001), PHQ-9 ( F=19.49, P<0.001), PHQ-15 ( F=12.67, P=0.001), PSS-14 ( F=16.69, P<0.001) and ISI ( F=5.59, P=0.022) scores in the online PM+group were statistically significant. There were significant differences in GAD-7 (9.7±5.2 vs. 5.0±3.5, F=17.11, P<0.001), PHQ-9 (11.4±5.9 vs. 6.9±4.7, F=11.65, P=0.002), PHQ-15 (10.4±5.4 vs. 6.3±4.1, F=12.24, P=0.002) and PSS-14 (26.0±7.5 vs.31.8±9.9, F=6.59, P=0.016) scale scores between the online PM+group and the waiting group after intervention. In addition, the scores of GAD-7 (95% CI=1.25-6.47, P=0.002) and PHQ-9 (95% CI=2.21-9.10, P=0.005) scales in the online PM+group still had statistically significant differences compared to the baseline at the 6-month follow-up. Conclusions:In this study, online PM+intervention significantly alleviated symptoms of anxiety, depression, somatization, stress, and insomnia in adults, and the therapeutic benefits of PM+persisted for at least 6 months.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of online problem management plus (PM+) intervention on the mental health among adults with anxiety.Methods:Ninety subjects with anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) total score≥5) were enrolled and randomly allocated into either waiting group or online PM+group. Participants in the online PM+intervention group received online PM+intervention twice a week for 3 weeks, while participants in the waiting group received general psychological supports. Psychological evaluation was performed at the end of the 3-week treatment and at 6 months after treatment. Outcome measures included GAD-7, Patient Health Questionnaire -(PHQ-9), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Two-factor repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the scores of the two groups at baseline and after intervention. Single-factor repeated measure analysis of variance was used to compare the differences of scores at baseline,3-week post-intervention, and 6-month follow-up in the online PM+ group.Results:A total of 37 (37/45) pations in the online PM+intervention group and 30 (30/45) patients in the waiting group completed the psychological evaluation after intervention. After 3-week intervention, compared with baseline, no significant change was found in the scores of GAD-7 ( F=0.08, P=0.782), PHQ-9 ( F=0.33, P=0.570), PHQ-15 ( F=0.20, P=0.660), PSS-14 ( F=0.14, P=0.05) and ISI ( F=0.02, P=0.880) in the waiting group. The changes of GAD-7 ( F=22.61, P<0.001), PHQ-9 ( F=19.49, P<0.001), PHQ-15 ( F=12.67, P=0.001), PSS-14 ( F=16.69, P<0.001) and ISI ( F=5.59, P=0.022) scores in the online PM+group were statistically significant. There were significant differences in GAD-7 (9.7±5.2 vs. 5.0±3.5, F=17.11, P<0.001), PHQ-9 (11.4±5.9 vs. 6.9±4.7, F=11.65, P=0.002), PHQ-15 (10.4±5.4 vs. 6.3±4.1, F=12.24, P=0.002) and PSS-14 (26.0±7.5 vs.31.8±9.9, F=6.59, P=0.016) scale scores between the online PM+group and the waiting group after intervention. In addition, the scores of GAD-7 (95% CI=1.25-6.47, P=0.002) and PHQ-9 (95% CI=2.21-9.10, P=0.005) scales in the online PM+group still had statistically significant differences compared to the baseline at the 6-month follow-up. Conclusions:In this study, online PM+intervention significantly alleviated symptoms of anxiety, depression, somatization, stress, and insomnia in adults, and the therapeutic benefits of PM+persisted for at least 6 months.

With the emergence of DNA nanotechnology in the 1980s, self-assembled DNA nanostructures have attracted considerable attention worldwide due to their inherent biocompatibility, unsurpassed programmability, and versatile functions. Especially promising nanostructures are tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs), first proposed by Turberfield with the use of a one-step annealing approach. Benefiting from their various merits, such as simple synthesis, high reproducibility, structural stability, cellular internalization, tissue permeability, and editable functionality, tFNAs have been widely applied in the biomedical field as three-dimensional DNA nanomaterials. Surprisingly, tFNAs exhibit positive effects on cellular biological behaviors and tissue regeneration, which may be used to treat inflammatory and degenerative diseases. According to their intended application and carrying capacity, tFNAs could carry functional nucleic acids or therapeutic molecules through extended sequences, sticky-end hybridization, intercalation, and encapsulation based on the Watson and Crick principle. Additionally, dynamic tFNAs also have potential applications in controlled and targeted therapies. This review summarized the latest progress in pure/modified/dynamic tFNAs and demonstrated their regenerative medicine applications. These applications include promoting the regeneration of the bone, cartilage, nerve, skin, vasculature, or muscle and treating diseases such as bone defects, neurological disorders, joint-related inflammatory diseases, periodontitis, and immune diseases.
Nucleic Acids/chemistry* ; Regenerative Medicine ; Consensus ; Reproducibility of Results ; DNA/chemistry*

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of ultraviolet light in influenza B prevention and control in schools in Yantian District of Shenzhen in winter, and to provide a reference for preventing and controlling influenza B in schools. Methods: Multistage stratified cluster sampling was conducted. Ultraviolet irradiance was detected in 98 classes of 11 schools. The irradiance of different distances under each ultraviolet lamp were measured. Correlational analysis was conducted with influenza cases reported by Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System. Results: A total of 473 ultraviolet lamps were detected, the qualified rate was 53.91%. The effective distance from the lamp corresponding power supply to efficient irradiance was (1.43±0.54)m. The total effective irradiance volume per unit time of each class was(13.65±32.66)m3. Totally 599 influenza cases in 74 classes were reported, with incidence rate of 13.76%. Fifty-eight classes reported influenza clustering, accounting for 59.18%. Average duration of the epidemic was(14.5±25.25)d. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the proportion of irradiance volume per unit time in classroom volume was negatively correlated with class influenza incidence(r=-0.32, P=0.00), but not significant with duration of influenza epidemic(P=0.78). Covariance analysis showed that the incidence of influenza and the duration of influenza epidemic in classes was not significantly correlated with the proportion of irradiance volume per class per unit time in classroom volume (P>0.05). Conclusion Ultraviolet light might not effectively reduce the incidence rate of influenza B and the duration of influenza epidemic in schools in Yantian District of Shenzhen over 2017-2018 winter.

Objective To analyze the effect of long-term wearing of hard corneal contact lens and its effect on the stability of tear film.Methods From April 2016 to April 2017,150 patients of myopia in Yongkang Hospital were selected in this study and randomly divided into study group and control group,with 75 cases in each group.The patients in the study group wore hard corneal contact lens for a long time before operation,the patients in the control group had no hard corneal contact lens before operation.The basal tear secretion amount,tear film break-up time(TBUT) and the incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results One year after operation,the basal tear secretion amount of the study group [(11.1 ± 1.5) mL] was significantly lower than that of control group[(18.5 ± 3.2) mL] (t =12.235,P ＜ 0.05).The TBUT of the study group [(15.8 ± 1.5) min] was significantly shorter than that of the control group [(25.1 ± 4.8) min] (t =11.935,P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rates of dry eye,corneal staining in the study group were 22.7％,18.7％,respectively,which were significantly lower thanthose in the control group (33.3％,34.7％),there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (x2 =5.931,6.425,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Long-term wearing hard contact lens seriously affects the tear secretion and TBUT,and reduces the stability of tear film.Although the incidence of postoperative complications islow,tear film damage can not be avoided.In order to protect the stability of the tear film,the patients with myopia should try to avoid the wear of the hard corneal contact lens and choose to wear frame glasses.

Objective To investigate the effects of rTMS stimulation in different brain regions combined with paroxetine on treating patients with obsessive -compulsive disorders. Methods Outpatients and inpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) treated at Kangning Hospital of Ningbo province from March 2015 to December 2016 were collected. Patients were randomly divided into control group(29 cases), treatment group 1(30 cases) and treatment group 2(30 cases). Patients in control group were treated with paroxetine only. Patients in treatment group 1 received rTMS stimulation of right prefrontal lobe combined with paroxetine systemic treatment. Patients in treatment group 2 received rTMS stimulation of bilateral supplementary motor area with paroxetine treatment. Obsessive -compulsive idea and behavior were assessed using Y-BOCS before treatment and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks after treatment. Adverse reaction was assessed after treatment with TESS. Results The Y-BOCS score of the control group decreased significantly at the 6th and the 8th week of treatment compared with before (P＜0. 05). The Y-BOCS score of the treatment group 1 and group 2 were significantly lower at 4, 6 and 8 weeks of treatment than that of the control group (P＜0. 05). The Y-BOCS scores of treatment group 1 and group 2 were significantly lower after 4 weeks of treatment than those before treatment (P＜0. 05). Conclusion rTMS stimulation of the right prefrontal lobe and bilateral supplementary motor area combined with paroxetine in the treatment of obsessive -compulsive disorder has consistent efficacy and take effect rapidly with minor adverse reactions.

Objective To investigate the expression of doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) in colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomas,and it's role in the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma,and explore the relationship of the DCLK1 expression and prognosis in colorectal cancer patients with diabetes medical history.Methods Expression of DCLK1 in 70 cases of colorectal cancers,70 cases of para-carcinoma tissues,and 35 cases of tubulovillous adenomas were detected by immunohistochemical method.Results (1) The DCLK1 high expression rate in colorectal cancers was 41.4％ (29/70),and 45.7％ (16/35) in tubular villous adenomas,both significantly higher than the para-carcinoma tissues (4.3％;3/70) (P ＜0.01).(2) DCLK1 high positive expression had statistical significance with pathological grading (P ＜ 0.01),infiltration depth (P ＜ 0.05),lymph node metastasis (P＜ 0.05),vascular invasion (P ＜0.05),and distant metastasis (P ＜0.01).(3) There was no obvious correlation between the Diabetes medical history,expression of DCLK1,and prognosis of patients.Conclusions DCLK1 has high positive expression in colorectal carcinomas,and may have certain significance for the early clinical diagnosis and prognostic judgment of colorectal cancers.The expression of DCLK1 and prognosis of colorectal cancers has no obvious correlation with diabetes medical history.